• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2023

Purpose : Until recently, the number of cancer patients continues to increase, and these patients have many limitations in their activities of daily living. In the republic of Korea, cancer patients are showing an increasing trend every year. Cancer disease not only significantly reduces the quality of life in individuals, but also causes various side effects if not managed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise on health-related problems in cancer patients. Methods : This study searched for studies that applied aerobic exercise and resistance exercise to cancer patients reported in search engines (google scala, dbpia, and pubmed) from 2017 to 2022. Six randomized controlled trials and two systematic reviews and meta-analyses were used for analysis in our study. "physical activity", "exercise", "aerobic exercise", "resistance exercise", and "cancer patient" were the main search terms. The data included aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, cancer patients' muscle strength, physical strength, quality of life, and physical activity. Results : According to the eight studies that met the criteria included in this review study, it was found that aerobic exercise and resistance exercise had an effect on the increase in physical fitness, muscular strength, quality of life, and range of motion in cancer survivors. Conclusion : It was confirmed that aerobic exercise and resistance exercise are safe and effective interventions that can be applied to cancer patients without side effects. A limitation of this study is that it did not examine cancer diseases in various population groups such as the elderly and children. Therefore, in future studies, studies that consider specific details such as age, gender, type of cancer, and physical differences are needed.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.171-183
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• 2023

Purpose : This study sought to investigate research trends regarding joint mobilization type among patients with shoulder joint diseases. Methods : A scoping review was conducted according to the five steps outlined by Arskey and O'Malley and PRISMA-ScR. We searched six domestic databases (ScienceOn, DBpia, Riss, Kmbase, Kiss, KCI) and three international databases (CINAHL, Pubmed, Cochrane central) between 2013 and June 2023. The keyword terms used were 'joint mobilization', 'Kaltenborn', 'Maitland', 'Mulligan', and 'shoulder joint'. Results : There were a total of 44 studies that investigated the topic, and these were divided into quantitative analysis and topic analysis. In terms of publication year, the number of studies within the last five years has increased more than compared to the previous five years, with most of them being randomized clinical trials. In shoulder joint diseases, it was found that the majority of joint movement studies focused on adhesive joint cystitis and shoulder collision syndrome. The Mulligan concept was the most commonly studied type of joint motion. The dependent variables used included pain, joint function (disability), and muscle function. The visual analog scale was the most commonly used for the pain variable, followed by the numeric rating scale. For joint function and disability variables, range of motion was the most commonly used, followed by shoulder pain and disability index, and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand. For muscle function, variables such as muscle tone, strength, and activity were used. Conclusion : We believe that findings of this scoping review can serve as valuable mapping data for joint mobilization research on shoulder joint diseases. Further studies including systematic reviews and meta-analyses based on these results are recommended.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.3423-3440
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• 2023

In this work, a multivariate time-series machine learning meta-model is developed to predict the transient response of a typical nuclear power plant (NPP) undergoing a steam generator tube rupture (SGTR). The model employs Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), including the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and a hybrid CNN-LSTM model. To address the uncertainty inherent in such predictions, a Bayesian Neural Network (BNN) was implemented. The models were trained using a database generated by the Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty (BEPU) methodology; coupling the thermal hydraulics code, RELAP5/SCDAP/MOD3.4 to the statistical tool, DAKOTA, to predict the variation in system response under various operational and phenomenological uncertainties. The RNN models successfully captures the underlying characteristics of the data with reasonable accuracy, and the BNN-LSTM approach offers an additional layer of insight into the level of uncertainty associated with the predictions. The results demonstrate that LSTM outperforms GRU, while the hybrid CNN-LSTM model is computationally the most efficient. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the capabilities and limitations of machine learning models in the context of nuclear safety. By expanding the application of ML models to more severe accident scenarios, where operators are under extreme stress and prone to errors, ML models can provide valuable support and act as expert systems to assist in decision-making while minimizing the chances of human error.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 비자살적자해(Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: NSSI)와 관련한 논문을 분석하여 연구적 성과와 한계점을 검토하고 향후 연구 과제를 제시하는 데 있다. 연구에 필요한 분석 대상 논문은 자해 관련 문헌 연구가 시작된 2010 년부터 현재까지 국내학술지를 중심으로 분류절차를 거쳐 수집하였다. 분류범주(일반적 특성, 연구대상, 연구변인, 프로그램 활용)에 따라 분석한 결과 첫째, 비자살적자해와 관련한 국내연구는 2017년(3편) 증가하기 시작한 이후로 2019년과 2022년을 거쳐 꾸준한 증가 양상을 보이고 있다. 둘째, 연구대상의 특성에 변화가 나타나기 시작했다. 이전의 선행 연구들이 자해를 경험한 청소년이 주 대상이었다면 초기성인기(대학생)까지 확대되었고 자해 중단경험을 가진 대상과 상담자, 부모로 연구대상이 다양해졌다. 셋째, 다양한 연구방법들이 나타나기 시작했다. 양적연구가 활발하던 2017년에 비하여 다양한 질적 연구방법들을(내러티브, 현상학, 근거이론, 메타분석, 사례연구) 적용한 연구가 진행되었다. 마지막으로 연구 결과에 대한 논의와 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 추가하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

웹 서비스 조합 분야는 단일 서비스를 재사용하여 가치 있는 서비스를 생성하기 위해 등장했으며, 최근에는 차세대 웹 서비스인 시멘틱 웹을 구현하기 위해 IOPE를 기반으로 단순 검색 및 조합 대신에 규칙이나 AI를 통한 검색 및 조합 방법이 제안되고 있다. 또한 보다 효율적인 모듈화를 위해 기존의 객체지향 프로그래밍 방식보다는 관점지향 프로그래밍 방식이 도입되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 시멘틱 웹을 위해 관점지향 프로그래밍(Aspect-Oriented Programming, AOP) 및 리플렉션(Reflection)을 적용한 동적 웹 서비스 조합 및 실행 기법을 설계한다. 제안하는 기법은 웹 서비스의 메타 데이터를 동적으로 획득하기 위해 리플렉션 기법을 사용하고 아울러 동적으로 웹 서비스를 조합하기 위해 AOP 기반 접근방식을 통해 바이트 코드를 생성한다. 또한 리플렉션을 이용한 동적 프록시 객체를 통해 조합된 웹 서비스를 실행하는 방식을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법의 성능 평가를 위해 비즈니스 로직 계층과 사용자 뷰 계층 측면에서 조합된 웹 서비스를 검색하는 것에 대한 실험을 수행한다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2023

Antibiotics are frequently administered during pregnancy. Although necessary to address acute infections, their use facilitates antibiotic resistance. Other associations have also been found with the use of antibiotics, such as perturbations of gut bacteria, delays in microbial maturation, and increased risks of allergic and inflammatory diseases. Little is known about how the prenatal and perinatal administration of antibiotics to mothers affects the clinical outcomes of their offspring. A literature search was conducted of the Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed engines. The retrieved articles were reviewed by two authors and verified for relevance. The primary outcome was the effect of pre- and perinatal maternal antibiotic use on clinical outcomes. Thirty-one relevant studies were included in the meta-analysis. Various aspects are discussed, including infections, allergies, obesity, and psychosocial factors. In animal studies, antibiotic intake during pregnancy has been suggested to cause long-term alterations in immune regulation. In humans, associations have been found between antibiotic intake during pregnancy and different types of infections and an increased risk of pediatric infection-related hospitalization. A dose-dependent positive association between pre- and perinatal antibiotic use and asthma severity has been reported in animal and human studies, while positive associations with atopic dermatitis and eczema were reported by human studies. Multiple associations were identified between antibiotic intake and psychological problems in animal studies; however, relevant data from human studies are limited. However, one study reported a positive association with autism spectrum disorders. Multiple animal and human studies reported a positive association between pre- and perinatal antibiotic use by mothers and diseases in their offspring. Our findings have potentially significant clinical relevance, particularly considering the implications for health during infancy and later in life as well as the related economic burden.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2023

The human reproductive system can be affected by occupational exposure to many physical and chemical risk factors. This study was carried out to review the studies conducted on the issue of the pathophysiological effects of occupational physical and chemical risk factors on the reproductive system of females and males. In this systematic review, the databases such as "Google Scholar," "Pub-Med," "Scopus," and "Web of Science" were used. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020), the studies included in our study were published between 2000 and 2021. In order to extract the required data, all sections of the articles were reviewed. Out of 57 articles we reviewed, 34 articles were related to field studies and 23 articles to clinical studies. Among them, 43 studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of chemical agents, six studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of physical factors, and 8 studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of physicochemical factors on the human reproductive system. Physical (noise, heat, and radiofrequency radiation) and chemical (such as carbamate and organophosphate pesticides, benzene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, NO2, CS2, manganese, lead, nickel, and n-hexane) risk factors had pathophysiological effects on the human reproductive system. The presence of these risk factors in the workplace caused damage to the human reproductive system. The rate of these negative pathophysiological effects can be reduced by performing appropriate managerial, technical, and engineering measures in work environments.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2021년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.75-77
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• 2021

현재 다양한 검색엔진들이 사용되고 있다. 검색엔진은 메타태그 정보를 기본으로 크롤링, 색인생성, 검색 결과 출력의 3단계를 거치며, 사용자가 원하는 자료의 검색을 도와준다. 그러나 키워드를 기반으로 검색해서 얻은 방대한 문서가 관련이 없거나 적은 문서일 경우도 많다. 이러한 문제점 때문에 검색 결과에서 내용을 파악하여 정확도를 분류를 해야 하는 번거로운 일이 발생하게 된다. 다양한 검색엔진을 통해 추출된 결과의 경우 검색엔진의 인덱스는 주기적으로 업데이트 되지만 가중치에 대한 기준과 업데이트 주기는 검색엔진마다 다르고 검색 순위 산정 기준이 서로 다르기 때문에 동일한 키워드를 검색어로 입력하고도 서로 다른 검색 순위를 보여주는 단점을 가지고 있다 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존 검색엔진 대신 사용자가 입력한 키워드와 문서의 연관성을 추출하여 사용자가 찾고자 하는 키워드를 입력했을 때 키워드와 문서의 연관성을 향상 시킬 수 있는 LSTM모델을 설계하고자 한다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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• pp.91-91
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• 2020

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 5차 평가보고서에 의하면 최근 배출 온실가스의 양은 관측 이래 최고 수준이며 온실가스로 인한 기후변화는 인간계와 자연계에 광범위한 영향을 주고 있다고 보고하였다. 기후변화의 영향은 국제적으로 빙하 감소, 사막화, 해수면 상승 등 뚜렷하게 나타나고 있다. 이러한 기후변화에 대응하기 위해 온실가스 완화 정책과 동시에 새로운 기후변화 환경에 적응하는 것이 필요하다. 기후변화 적응이란 현재 나타나고 있거나 미래에 나타날 것으로 예상되는 기후변화의 파급효과와 영향에 대응할 수 있도록 하는 모든 행동이며 이를 위해서는 기후변화 영향분석이 수반되어야 한다. MOTIVE 연구단에서는 기후변화 적응대책 수립의 지원을 목표로 7개 부문(건강, 물관리, 농업, 산림, 생태, 해양, 수산)에서 "한국형 통합평가 모형"을 개발하고 있다. 각 부문에서 개발하는 프로세스 모델은 시스템에 대한 지식을 가진 상황에서 사용하면 신뢰할 수 있는 예측 결과를 얻을 수 있지만, 부문별 통합을 통한 영향 분석 시 타 분야에 대한 지식이 수반되어야 하는 어려움을 가진다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 시스템 내의 물리적 프로세스에 대한 요구 없이 입출력 데이터만을 이용하여 결과를 신속하게 추정하는 데이터 모델링(기계학습)을 이용하였다. 데이터 모델링을 위한 데이터는 다양한 자연 현상에 대한 BANPOL(수질 프로세스 모델) 분석을 통한 자료를 이용하여 학습 자료를 구축하였다. 즉, 데이터 모델링은 BANPOL 모델을 대리하는 메타모델이며, 낙동강 표준유역에 대한 유량 및 수질을 높은 상관성으로 추정하였다. 원 모델보다 정확도는 낮을 수 있으나 메타모델의 개발을 통한 웹 시스템을 개발하여 비전문가의 구동 및 신속한 기후 시나리오를 적용할 수 있는 환경을 개발하였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제86권2호
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• pp.120-132
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• 2023

Background: To systematically review studies on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and lung cancer incidence in chronic airway disease patients. Methods: We conducted electronic bibliographic searches on OVID-MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database before May 2020 to identify relevant studies. Detailed data on the study population, exposure, and outcome domains were reviewed. Results: Of 4,058 screened publications, 13 eligible studies in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma evaluated lung cancer incidence after ICS exposure. Pooled hazard ratio and odds ratio for developing lung cancer in ICS exposure were 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.64 to 1.02; I²=95.7%) from 10 studies and 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.50 to 2.07; I²=94.7%) from three studies. Meta-regression failed to explain the substantial heterogeneity of pooled estimates. COPD and asthma were variously defined without spirometry in 11 studies. Regarding exposure assessment, three and 10 studies regarded ICS exposure as a time-dependent and fixed variable, respectively. Some studies assessed ICS use for the entire study period, whereas others assessed ICS use for 6 months to 2 years within or before study entry. Smoking was adjusted in four studies, and only four studies introduced 1 to 2 latency years in their main or subgroup analysis. Conclusion: Studies published to date on ICS and lung cancer incidence had heterogeneous study populations, exposures, and outcome assessments, limiting the generation of a pooled conclusion. The beneficial effect of ICS on lung cancer incidence has not yet been established, and understanding the heterogeneities will help future researchers to establish robust evidence on ICS and lung cancer incidence.