• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.833-842
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual intervention studies by examining biological, psychological, and spiritual outcomes. Methods: From electronic databases 2522 studies were retrieved, of which 21 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies had 1411 participants. Two authors independently extracted data from the selected studies and assessed the methodological quality. The data were analyzed using the RevMan 5.1 program of the Cochrane library. Results: Overall effect size of spiritual intervention on spiritual and psychological (depression and anxiety) outcomes were moderate (d= -0.65 to d= -0.76, p<.001). The effects on biological outcomes (pain and functional status) ranged from -0.51 to -0.39, respectively. No publication bias was detected as evaluated by a funnel plot. Spiritual intervention had a moderate effect on psychological and spiritual outcomes and a smaller effect on biological outcomes. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that spiritual intervention can relieve depression and anxiety. Further randomized controlled trials studies are needed to evaluate the effects of spiritual intervention on biological outcomes.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.277-282
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• 2020

Purpose: The main purposes of this study are to identify the degree of effect size and variables related to it, on the effect of physical therapy on shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Methods: This study were collected 8 studies published between 2010.01.01. and 2020.08.01. The Analysis result confirmed 16 effect size data, the random effect model was chosen because of the heterogeneity of the data. Results: First, full case showed the largest mean effect size 3.28 (p<0.001). Second, Size of the effect according to hands on+off intervention the 5.17 (p>0.344). Third, Number of participants showed 15 or more effect size 4.19 (p<0.002). intervention period showed 8 weeks effect size 5.12 (p>0.425). Number of intervention showed 14 or less effect size 3.99 (p>0.061). Publication type showed thesis effect size 4.34 (p<0.003). Finally, 'Trim and Fill' result confirmed that the calibration effect size is 1.71 (p<0.001). Conclusion: We were able to confirm that physical therapy had great effect on shoulders adhesive capsulitis, and that the effect differed according to the methods of intervention, the methods of evaluation.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.340-350
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was designed to analyze the characteristics and effect size of published intervention studies related to nausea & vomiting among cancer patients. Methods: A total of 1,083 studies were retrieved. From these studies, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 698 participants. Two authors independently extracted data from the selected studies and assessed the methodological quality. The data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.0 program of Cochrane library. Results: The twenty studies utilized various non-pharmacological interventions: Nine studies on acupuncture (45%), Five studies utilized massage (25%), Two studies used oral cryotherapy (10%) and Four studies used other therapies. In the twenty studies the effect size of the intervention studies reported a higher effect sizes for massage (d=-1.62) and acupuncture (d=-0.89). Conclusion: This study suggests that non-drug therapy can reduce the levels of nausea and vomiting intensity. Massage and acupuncture interventions studies were more numerous and this may account for the higher effect rate.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2020

PURPOSE: The main purpose of this meta-analysis study was to identify the degree-of-effect size and the variables for the effects of manual physical therapy on myofascial pain syndrome. METHODS: This study collected six studies published between 2015.01.01 and 2019.12.31. The analysis result verified nine effect size data. The random-effect model was chosen because of the heterogeneity of the data. RESULTS: First, the full case showed the largest mean effect size of 2.297 (p < .001). Second, the size of the effect based on the fascial distortion model (FDM) intervention showed an effect size of 4.654 (p < .001). Third, the number of participants showed a 15 or less effect size of 2.612 (p > .058). The number of treatments showed a 10 less effect size of 2.844 (p > .129). The publication type showed a thesis effect size of 3.095 (p < .002). CONCLUSION: Manual physical therapy has a great effect on myofascial pain syndrome in the neck and shoulders, and that the effects differ according to the methods of intervention.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2020

Purpose: The primary purposes of this study were to identify the degree of the effect size and the variables related to it on the effects of physical therapy on myofascial pain syndrome. Methods: This study collected 15 studies published between 2008.01.01 and 2019.12.31. The Analysis results confirmed 57 effect size data. The random-effect model was chosen because of the heterogeneity of the data. Results: First, the full case showed the largest mean effect size of 2.03 (p<0.001). Second, the size of the effect, according to the handson intervention, was 2.74 (p<0.003). Third, the VAS showed an effect size of 2.30 (p<0.001). Fourth, the intervention period showed a 1- to 15-day effect size of 2.94 (p<0.001). The number of interventions showed a 6 to 10 effect size of 2.84 (p<0.006). The number of participants showed a 10 or less effect size of 2.66 (p<0.001). Finally, the 'Trim and Fill' result confirmed that the calibration effect size was 0.93 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical therapy had a great effect on myofascial pain syndrome in the neck and shoulders, and that the effect differed according to the methods of the intervention and the methods of evaluation.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2001

XML은 여러 분야에서 다양한 타입의 데이터를 효과적으로 관리하기 위한 표준으로 사용되고 있다. 이러한 XML의 한 응용으로서 데이터베이스 시스템, 파일 시스템, OLTP시스템, OLAP시스템, 데이터웨어하우징을 위한 ETL 시스템, 데이터마이닝 시스템 등을 포함하는 다양한 타입의 데이터 처리 시스템 사이에서 메타데이터를 교환하기 위하여 XML을 이용하여 메타데이터를 표준화하는 것이다. 본 연구는 MDC(MetaData Coalition)에 제안한 일반적인 데이터 처리 시스템을 위한 메타데이터 교환 스펙인 MDIS(Metadata Interchange Specification)를 따르도록 설계한 관계형 데이터베이스 시스템의 메타데이터 교환을 위한 사양으로서 R-MDIS(MetaData Interchange Specification for RDBs) 모델을 제안하고 이에 따라 표현된 자료를 상호 데이터베이스 시스템 사이에서 교환할 수 있는 Export 함수와 Import 함수를 포함하는 번역기를 개발한다. 이 번역기는 메타데이터의 일관성을 유지하면서도 메타데이터의 양방향 흐름을 지원할 수 있도록 하는 정보를 포함하고 있다. 본 연구는 구체적인 관계형 데이터베이스 시스템에서의 메타데이터 교환을 위한 실제적인 번역기를 구현함으로써 다양한 종류의 데이터 처리 시스템들 사이에서 메타데이터 불일치 문제를 해결할 수 있는 근거를 제시하였다. 둘째, XML을 이용하여 메타데이터 교환 사양을 설정함으로서 구도화된 데이터나 구조화되지 않은 데이터 모두에 대하여 일관된 방법으로 데이터 교환이 가능하도록 하여 효율적인 정보 교환을 할 수 있다는 것을 보여 주었다. 셋째, 본 연구에서 개발한 번역기는 메타데이터 교환에 의해 데이터들을 공유하게 함으로서 효율적으로 관리하지 못하던 데이터들을 효율적으로 사용할 수 있게 함으로서 데이터 관리 문제에 해결책이 될 것이다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.185-199
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to estimate the sites providing accurate and useful informations to the public by monitoring food and nutrition informations distributed through the internet quantitatively about 13 items of 7 necessary requisites. Total of 457 internet sites on the searching engines of Yahoo, Empas, Nate, Naver and Daum were monitored by 10 panels from May, 2004 to October. Thirty eight % of the sites got 7 & 8 total of 14 points and total sites showed a normal distribution. From the estimation of meta data, individual sites(5.19) were operated insufficiently compared with the commercial sites(6.10) and institutional sites(6.60) (p<0.000). According to administrators, sites were evaluated in the order of research institute> government organization> academic association> pharmaceutical company, club, food company, university> hospital> individual (p<0.000). While low-ranked sites were lack of authority because they didn't show the information provider and source, high-ranked ones lack of sustainable management(updating informations) and security. From this study, we suggest that 1) theme, contents and design have to prepared with variety to suit the need of target clients instead of that of site operator; 2) source and origin of information have to be provided; 3) informations have to be updated often and site to be managed sustainably.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.201-224
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Gwibi-tang (GBT) on renal anemia. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to investigate changes in anemia levels before and after oral administration of GBT in patients with renal anemia. Relevant literature published up to May 25, 2023, was searched in 10 academic electronic databases. Results: Data from 489 patients from 7 RCTs were obtained and analyzed. All participants were receiving erythropoietin-stimulating agent treatment, and most of them were under hemodialysis. Additional administration of GBT to the participants significantly increased the hemoglobin concentration (10.55 g/L, 95% CI 6.99 to 14.11) compared to the control group. Hematocrit, red blood cell count, serum ferritin concentration, transferrin saturation, and the total effective rate for anemia was also significantly higher in the GBT-treated group than in the control group. Conclusions: This study suggests that GBT may be considered to be a promising option for the effective management of patients with renal anemia under conventional treatment. However, the limitations of this study, including the quantitative and qualitative weakness of the RCTs, the lack of safety-related evidence, and the absence of long-term follow-up data, should be taken into account when interpreting the results of this study.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2 (2)
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• pp.551-553
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• 1999

This paper explores the utility of a new classifier fusion approach to discrimination. Multiple classifier fusion, a popular approach in the field of pattern recognition, uses estimates of each individual classifier's local accuracy on training data sets. In this paper we investigate the effectiveness of fusion methods compared to individual algorithms, including the artificial neural network and k-nearest neighbor techniques. Moreover, we propose an efficient meta-classifier architecture based on an approximation of the posterior Bayes probabilities for learning the oracle.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2002

Hierarchical models are widely used for inference on correlated parameters as a compromise between underfitting and overfilling problems. In this paper, we take a Bayesian approach to analyzing hierarchical models and suggest a Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to get around computational difficulties in Bayesian analysis of the hierarchical models. We apply the method to a real data on smoking and lung cancer which are collected from cities in China.