• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.465-478
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• 2007

Various periodontal barrier membranes used in many clinical and experimental fields, and many recent studies of membranes have reported good results. To improve clinical results, selection of barrier membranes is an important factor. So, we need not only to evaluate various barrier mem-branes, but also to understand the property of barrier membranes appropriate to defect characteristics. For this purpose, this study reviewed available literature, evaluated comparable experimental models, and compared various barrier membranes. From above mentioned methods, the following conclusions are deduced. 1. In i-wall periodontal defect models, new bone formation showed a consistent result, almost 30% of the defect size. New cementum formations measured mostly 40% of the defect size, but showed more variations than new bone formations. This seems to be resulted form difference in experimental methods, so standardization in experimental methods is needed for future studies. 2. Application PLGA barrier membrane to periodontal defect demonstrated improved healing in new bone and new cementum. 3. There was a minimal periodontal regeneration with calcium sulfate barrier membrane only. But, there was better healing pattern in combination of calcium sulfate membrane with bone graft material, such as DFDBA, 4. There was no significant difference between the experimental group that used chitosan mem-brane only and the control group. But, in combination with bone graft material for space maintanence, periodontal regeneration was improved. Overall, Space maintenance is a critical factor for Guided tissue regeneration using barrier membranes. Also, a barrier membrane itself that has difficulty in maintaining space, achieved better result when used with graft material.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2004

Objective : This study was to review on the prostate disease-related studies with Acupuncture therapy in renowned medical internet site of PubMed, and to make master plan of the study, especially, on Bee Venom Acupuncture(BVA) of Prostate disease and then to devise the idealistic therapeutic ways of it. Method : We made the internet search with the key words of bee venom(bee venom therapy, apitoxin, apitherapy, bee sting, bee sting therapy), acupuncture, prostate, prostatitis, prostrate cancer in Pubmed, from June 1st to July 1st,2004. Results : 1.25 papers were found in 19 publised jounals. of which two named'Urology'and Prostate' had three papars, two called 'JUrology' and 'Cancer Immunol Immunother' had two papers, and the others had a paper respectively. 2. In the classification by papers' types, Review papers were 8 and Original were 17 where there were 5 clinical trials, 11 experimental studies and 1 epidemiologic paper. Of 5 clinical trials, 2 belonged to Randomized Control Study, and of 11 experimental studies, 4 belonged to in vitro and 7 belonged to in vivo with in viro studies, and 1 epidemeologic belonged to meta-analysis. 3. In the classification by prostate diseases, 4 were about prostatitis, 3 were about prostate related symptoms, 16 were about prostate cancer, and two were about the others. 4. In the classification by applied treatment methods, 5 were related with Acupuncture, 10 were related with BVA(Bee Venom, Bee), and 10 were related with the others. Of 5 related with Acupuncture, 3 used general acupuncture, 1 used electrical acupuncture, and 1 used general acupuncture and electrical acupuncture at the same time. 5. In 2 RCTs of Clinical trials, Control group was set up to the group using different compatible treatment method or using meridians not related with treating prostate disease. Single or double blind methods couldn't be found. 6. In the clinical trials, IPSS, NIH, CPSI or subjective global assessment were used as the Index of Evaluation. 7. The Leg Greater Yang Bladder Meridian(B), The Leg Lesser Um Kidney Meridian(K) and Conception Vessel Meridian(CV) were used as major meridians, and B10(Taejo, Dazhu), B23(Shinsu, Shenshu), B28(Panggwangsu, Pangguangshu), B35(Hoeyang, Huiyang), B39(Wiyang, Weiyang), B40(Wijung, Weizhong), B54(chilbyon, Zhibian), K1(Yongchon, Yongquan), K10(Umgok, Yingu), CV3(Chungguk, Zhongji), CV4(Kwanwon, Guanyuan),S6(Hyopko, Jiache) were used as acupoints. Electrical acupuncture(EA) was considered to be more important and CV3(Chungguk, Zhongji), CV4(Kwanwon, Guanyuan) were mainly selected as EA applied acupoints. 8. It is mostly said that Acupuncture appeared to be a safe, effective, and durable treatment alternative in improving symptoms of patients with prostate diseases, refractory to conventional medicine. A larger controlled study was required to confirm these encouraging initial results. Conclusion : Papers about BVA of Prostate cancer or Prostatitis were not found, and low permeability of Prostate is concerned, BVA with the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effect can be adopted as a new alternatives of Prostate disease treatment, so it is thought that Study of how to make access to prostate, animal experiment including in vivo and in vitro and more clinical trials with using acupoints on related meridian should be followed.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.109-121
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• 2015

The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore consumer behavioral trends, psychological characteristics and various cognitive types of Millennial Generation consumers, primarily in their 20s, who are familiar with sharing economy services based on the emerging social networking technology. Using Q methodology, this paper theoretically defines four and interprets via a social science perspective four different types of these young consumers who are skilled at state-of-the-art ICT equipment, devices or online networking services. Sharing economy services in Korea's academic and industrial services are influenced by government policy, and related research is relatively new. This study is focused on discovering unique psychographic characteristics called 'schemata' that include personal interest, preference, attitude, and opinion. On the basis of 40 Q-sorted data samples, the analysis examined 180 collected statements from meta-studies and interviews with 35 individuals born between 1997 and 1992. As a result, four consumer groups were identifies: Type 1 'Early majority', Type 2 'Laggard', Type 3 'Opinion leader', and Type 4 'Late majority'. The results of this research can be used to explore to study in greater detail the behavior and psychological aspects of Millennial General consumers'.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.258-266
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• 2010

In this paper, we introduce a novel method to predict next update of blogs. The number of RSS feeds registered on meta-blogs is on the order of several million. Checking for updates is very time consuming and imposes a heavy burden on network resources. Since blog search engine has limited resources, there is a fix number of blogs that it can visit on a day. Nevertheless we need to maximize chances of getting new data, and the proposed method which predicts update probability on blogs could bring better chances for it. Also this work is important to avoid distributed denial-of-service attack for the owners of blogs. Furthermore, for the internet as whole this work is important, too, because our approach could minimize traffic. In this study, we assumed that there is a specific pattern to when a blogger is actively posting, in terms of days of the week and, more specifically, hours of the day. We analyzed 15,119 blogs to determine a blogger's posting preference. This paper proposes a method to predict the update probability based on a blogger's posting history and preferred days of the week. We applied proposed method to 12,115 blogs to check the precision of our predictions. The evaluation shows that the model has a precision of 0.5 for over 93.06% of the blogs examined.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.619-626
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• 2008

There have been numerous studies to develop eco-friendly concrete. The attempt to reduce the amount of cement usage is suggested as one of the solutions for eco-friendly concrete. To reduce the amount of cement usage, the pozzolan-reaction materials such as ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, and meta kaolin are widely used as the mineral admixture. Hwangtoh which deposited broadly in Korea is a well known eco-friendly material and the activated Hwangtoh with pozzolan-reaction can be practically used as a mineral admixture of concrete. Meanwhile, PET fiber made of recycled PET bottle is a type of recycled material, which can be used to control micro cracks in concrete. But the study about concrete mixed with recycled PET fiber is insufficient and the research of Hwangtoh concrete mixed with PET fiber is urgently needed presently. In this study, experiment and analysis flexural behavior of Hwangtoh concrete blended with recycled PET fiber are carried out. The results are discussed in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.347-356
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• 1992

Various kaolin samples with different alumina content were prepared from calcined admixture of kaolin and ammonium sulfate by varying the treatment time in sulfuric acid. Samples were nitridated under N2 or N2-H2 atmosphere with changing the amount of added carbon, the reaction time and temperature. As the alumina content lowered, the size of kaolin particles decreased and the specific surface area increased. XRD analysis indicated that ${\alpha}$-quartz remained by decomposition of halloysite and meta-halloysite. Experimental results of nitridation behavior are summerized as follows; 1) Nitridation under N2 atmosphere. With the increase of C/SiO2 ratio and with the decrease of Al2O3 content, disappearance of XRD pattern peaks of mullite, ${\alpha}$-quartz and ${\alpha}$-Al2O3 were accelerated at 1300$^{\circ}C$. SiC was the main phase in the reaction product of acid-treated kaolin samples nitridated at 1300$^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours regardless of C/SiO2 ratio. But the XRD peak intensities of ${\beta}$-Si3N4, ${\beta}$-sialon and SiC did not show much difference when untreated raw kaolin was fired at the same condition. When the ratio of C/SiO2 was 3.5, ${\beta}$-sialon and ${\beta}$-Si3N4 existed in the reaction product of about 22% alumina containing kaolin sample fired at 1350$^{\circ}C$ for 7 hours. Only ${\beta}$-sialon existed in the same sample fired at 1400$^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours. ${\beta}$-sialon was obtained from all of the acid-treated kaolin samples fired at 1400$^{\circ}C$ for 40 hours, but AlN and SiC remained in the untreated kaolin sample. Z value of the ${\beta}$-sialon obtained from the 22% alumina containing kaolin sample fired at 1400$^{\circ}C$ for 40 hours was about 1.3(XRD) and 1.5(EDS). 2) Nitridation under 80N2+2OH2 mixed gas atmosphere with the C/SiO2 ratio of 1 Mullite was not found, but ${\alpha}$-Si3N4, and ${\beta}$-sialon were present in the reaction product of about 22% alumina containing kaolin sample fired at 1300$^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours. When untreated kaolin sample was nitridated at the same condition, mullite remained. AlN and SiC were not found in the reaction product of about 22% alumina containing kaolin sample fired at 1350$^{\circ}C$ for 5 hours. On the other hand, AlN and SiC remained in the product of untreated kaolin fired at the same condition.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.249-263
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of 'best practire' in mathematics and suggest some solutions to several problems emerging in mathematics classes of secondary schools. The study was carried out by using qualitative research methods such as class observations and in-depth interviews with six teachers. Based on the collected data, we could sort out the major patterns which characterize 'the good mathematics teaching' at schools in Korea. The common characteristics of best practice in mathematics are drawn out from the six cases. The common characteristics include revising the curriculum and text books, realistic mathematics education, using ICT and meta-cognition, introduction with motivation and interest, performance assessment and managing differentiated small group. Results implied that six teachers used a variety of instructional methods and strategies which is related with the common characteristics of good mathematics teaching. Also these teachers not only improved their own classroom practices but also participated in various professional community of mathematics education and shared their practical knowledge. In conclusion assorted efforts from the government and the school principals as well as the teachers are prerequisite for practicing and spreading good mathematics teaching across the classrooms.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this meta-analysis study was to examine the relationship between cognitive anxiety and performance in closed loop skill sports. Methods : A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases including Korean Information Service System, DBpia, Research Information Sharing Service, and National Assembly Library from 1980 to 2015. Search terms included 'Golf', 'Shooting', 'Archery', 'Anxiety', and 'Performance'. Standardized mean difference and 95% CI(confidence intervals) were calculated, and the heterogeneity of the studies was estimated using Q statistic. Results : Ten studies have satisfied the inclusion criteria. The main findings indicate that cognitive anxiety was significantly reverse correlated with performance in closed loop skill sports(r=-.198). The mean effect size for men(r=-.31) was significantly greater than that for women(r=-.05). Conclusions : Our results suggest that cognitive anxiety in closed loop skill sports is correlated with performance of athletes. Future study related to psychological aspects on athletes in sports is required in order to understand the specific evidence of relationship between anxiety and performance.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted towards developing guidelines of herbal medicine treatment for gastric cancer. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis designed to investigate the efficacy of herbal medicine treatment for gastric cancer on four cancer questions; survival rate, metastasis, immune function, and quality of life. Based on the findings, we utilized a two-round delphi process with panel of 22 experts for their level of agreement. Results: Combined therapy group, herbal medicine treated with chemotherapy, was significantly higher in the 1-year survival rate (RR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.40, P=0.005, $I^2=71%$) and 3-years survival rate (RR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.71, P=0.91, $I^2=0%$) than chemotherapy group. The suppression of metastasis was higher in the combined therapy group (RR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.84, P=0.09, $I^2=54%$). The immunology function was higher in the combined therapy group compared with the chemotherapy group (MD=16.43, 95% CI: 13.25 to 29.61, P<0.001, $I^2=99%$). The quality of life score was higher in the combined therapy group compared with the chemotherapy group (RR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.00, P<0.66, $I^2=0%$). Conclusions: Among the Randomized controlled trials (RCT) included, the levels of survival rates, suppression of metastasis, immune function, and quality of life of the group treated with chemotherapy were lower compared to those treated with herbal medicine in addition to chemotherapy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.211-217
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• 2013

A body dysmorphic disorder refers to a state that individuals whose external appearance is normal consider their appearance to be meta-morphosed, or think there's something wrong with it, or view a trifle deficiency as severely disfigured. The purpose of this study was to examine the body dysmorphic disorder and depression of health-related and health-unrelated majors in an effort to compare the two groups. And it's also meant to investigate the relationship between body dysmorphic disorder and depression. The subjects in this study were 400 students at K college located in Gangwon Province. Out of them, the major of the 200 students belonged to the health science track, and that of the 200 students didn't. After a self-administered survey was conducted, the answer sheets from 319 respondents were analyzed. As a result, there appeared no differences between the health-related majors and the health-unrelated majors in body dysmorphic disorder. Although there might be various factors to concern body dysmorphic disorder, both groups found themselves to suffer from more depression when they had a severer body dysmorphic disorder, and their body dysmorphic disorder exerted a statistically significant influence on their self-rated depression. Therefore the careful management of body dysmorphic disorder was required, and it's especially needed to make research in that of health-related majors. At the same time, more detailed clinical research efforts should be directed into body dysmorphic disorder and self-rated depression.