• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.7
• /
• pp.1630-1638
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we propose a GPU-based interactive and plausible visualization method for the silt and landslide simulation results computed with SPH. By empirical experiments, we verify that our GPU-accelerated screen space mesh method can be effectively used for visualizing the landslide disaster simulation. The method proposed in this paper make it possible to overcome the limitation of previous simulations where the experience obtained by trials and errors plays the most important roles. Because the realtime visualization enables interactive observation of simulation results and efficient data assimilation, the accuracy of the simulation can be significantly improved in an efficient way.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.56-63
• /
• 2018

The management of Combined Sewer Overflows(CSOs) and Separated Sewer Overflows(SSOs) discharge directly to the effluent system in an untreated state, which occurs when the facility capacity is exceeded due to heavy rain, has become an important issue in recent years as the heavy rain becomes a regular phenomenon. Despite the continuous development of filtration technology, targeting densely populated urban areas, CSOs are rarely applied. Therefore, this study was carried out to optimize the process to apply CSOs in a pilot-scale horizontal flow filtration system with a rope-type synthetic fiber. The research was carried out in two steps: a preliminary study using artificial samples and a field study using sewage. In the preliminary study using an artificial sample, head loss of the filter media itself was analyzed to be approximately 1.1cm, and the head loss was increased by approximately 0.1cm as the linear velocity was increased by 10m/hr. In addition, the SS removal efficiency was stable at 81.4%, the filtration duration was maintained for more than 6 hours, and the average recovery rate of 98% was obtained by air backwashing only. In the on-site evaluation using sewage, the filtration duration was approximately 2 hours and the average removal efficiency of 83.9% was obtained when belt screen (over 450 mesh) was applied as a pre-treatment process to prevent the premature clogging of filter media. To apply the filtration process to CSOs and SSOs, it was concluded that the combination with the pre-treatment process was important to reinforce the hydraulic dimension for the stable maintain of operation period, rather than efficiency. Compared to the dry season, the quality of incoming sewage was lower in the rainy season, which was attributed to the characteristics of the drainage area with higher sanitary sewerage. In addition, the difference in removal efficiency according to the influent quality of the wet season and dry season was small.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.54-61
• /
• 1998

The subsurface environment of the root zone area can set the stae for "do or die" of the turfgrass plant. The good condition of the greens is verified by their physical properties. Therefore, this study was carried to evaluate on the existing green of Hwasan C.C. by undisturbed soil Core Anaysis. We completed the ISTRC SYSTEM BenchMarking of the undisturbed core samples taken from Green #1, Green #5, Green #9-"Best" area, and Green #9-"Stressed" area for the Hwasan C.C.. It was also our understanding that the greens were in "good" to "very good" conditioni. THe exception might be Green #9-"Stress" area, which was the stressed area. The stressed area was confined to a ridge across Green #9. The organic content test results comfirmed the development of organic layering in depth 0-2.5cm. For the amount of compaction in the upper root zones and te development of the green's respective organic layers, the infiltration rates were high in Green #1, Green #5, and Green #9 "Stressed" area. The depicted aerificaton hole might be the probable cause of the relatively high infiltraton rate. Green #9-"Best" area had a tested infiltration rate of 18.75cm/hr. Either this area had not been aerified, or the undisturbed sample did not contain a aerification cavity. The water retention capacity of the undisturbed samples was good. When the greens were first constructed, the original root zone mix had been relatively low water retention properties. And the bulk density and the porosity of the undisturbed samples were good. In the result, all the greens were similar except for the infiltration. Thus, we supposed that Green #9-"Stressed" area might be ainly influenced by the amount of irrigation water and the configuration of the green's surface. There had been a reduction in the amount of irrigation water as the water retention capacity in the greens was promoted. Especially, it had gradually become more of a problem as the green had matured in Green #9-"Stressed" area. Because Green #9-"Stressed" area was a ridge area. The reduction in the amount of irrigation water might be the probable cause of the stress in Green #9-"Stressed" area. Our final observation related to the soil texture and the particle size distribution of the sand. Though and sand contant of all the tested greens were good, the gravel content of them exceeded ISTRC Guidelines. In particle size distribution of the sand, the very coarse and the coarse content of all the tested greens exceeded, but the rest was insufficient. The stability is a function of the material retained on the 0.25mm mesh screen. But, the content of all the tested greens was very insufficient. Though all the greens was serviceable, the coarse root zone sands, such as the sand in the tested greens, tended to be "unstable". Thus, we recommend using a topdressing/aerification sand which should be more in line with ISTRC/USGA Guidelines.;unstable". Thus, we recommend using a topdressing/aerification sand which should be more in line with ISTRC/USGA Guidelines.ines.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.187-196
• /
• 2016

This study was performed to improve the foaming generated in the effluent of wastewater treatment plant from March 2015 to July 2016. The main cause of foaming was air entrainment by an impinging jet and the internal accumulation by the diffusion barrier. Particularly, the foam growth was most active when there is low tide and larger discharge. To solve this problem, we experimented after installing fine mesh screen and the artificial channel device with underwater discharging outlet in the treated wastewater discharge channel and the outlet, respectively. As a result, the effects of foam reduction by devices ranged 85.0~92.0% and 70.7~85.6%, respectively. In addition, the foam and the noise were easily solved, first of all look to contribute to the prevention of complaints. Our device studies were applied to a single wastewater treatment plant. However, it is considered to be able to apply in other similar cases of domestic sewage treatment plants.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.404-406
• /
• 2009

This study note wished to introduce special-purpose ship for algae removal that is developed by core technology of our country. The ship is consisted of main frame and adjuvant that can attach and detach as cross (+) shape of a character. The characteristics of ship are super light weight and low draft. That is consisted of four devices as suction, collection, filtration and recovering units. Among these, filtration used screen filter (mesh size 30 ${\mu}m$). Also, can separate and remove water and algae by compression air participle notion. Percentage of moisture content of concentrated algal particle was 85%. Water parted with algae finally is exhausted to water area. Removal efficiency that compare by chlorophyll-$\alpha$ concentration was about 57% (inflow: 83.2 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$, outflow: 35.8 $[\mu}g\;L^{-1}$) without physical and chemical pretreatment. Forward, need to achieve effect test in various conditions (algal biomass, flow etc.) for efficiency and technological elevation of exclusion device. We wished to contribute in presuppression system construction of massive algal development that manage blue-green algae occurrence area effectively, and prevents spread as lower part of reservoir.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.303-311
• /
• 2010

Our previous finding summarizing that larval sieving process is inevitable but triggers the outbreak of scutica-like ciliates (SLCs) in the seed production of Patinopecten yessoensis urged further study to determine best suggestable sieving interval in an agreeable range of water quality. In the mass seed production of the scallop, SLC outbreak was closely related to the larval sieving in which larvae were drained on the basis of every 3-day (5T), 5-day (3T), 7-day (2T), or 9-day (1T) from culture tanks onto a mesh screen and placed back into new water in cleaned tanks. The larval performance of growth and survival was clearly dependent on the sieving intervals. It was in order of 3T, 5T, 2T, and 1T for both of growth and survival and in reverse order for SLC infection frequency, confirming that larval sieving is necessary but damageable if it overwhelms the larval resistance. Interestingly, the larval damages by the sieving persisted to their ensuing spat life in terms of nursery growth, survival, and abnormality.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.19-30
• /
• 1984

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of autohydrolysis and extraction conditions on the separation of the chemical substances, the extractability of lignin by dioxane, and the yield of reducing sugars from cellulosic substrates by using a commercial cellulase derived from Trichoderma viride. Air-dried wood meals through 0.42mm (40 mesh) screen and retained on 0.25 mm (60 mesh) of Populus alba-glandulosa and Pinus koraiensis were autohydrolyzed with water at $180^{\circ}C$ for 30 and/or 60 minutes in a 6 liter stainless-steel digester with or without 2% 2-naphthol. The hydrothermally-treated wood meals were extracted the lignin with 100%, 90%, 75% and 50% dioxane solutions at $70^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours, respectively. The results obtained were as follows; 1) After autohydrolysis of Populus alba-glandulosa, the yield of wood meals decreased with lengthening the auto hydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and with 2% 2-naphthol addition. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the yield was not affected by 2%, 2-naphthol addition at the autohydrolysis in the digester. 2) After autohydrolysis and lignin extraction of Populus alba-glandulosa, the yield of wood meals decreased with lengthening the autohydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and with 2% 2-naphthol addition. Extraction of 50% dioxane solution was the best solvent for the yield among the solutions of 100%, 90%. 75% and 50% dioxane. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the yield was not affected by 2% 2-naphthol addition and the solution of 90% dioxane was the poorest solvent for the yield. 3) After autohydrolysis and lignin extraction of Populus alba-glandulosa, the Klason lignin content in cellulosic substrates for enzymatic hydrolysis decreased with lengthening the autohydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and with 2% 2-naphthol addition. Klason lignin content was the lowest after extraction by 90% or 75% dioxane solution. The content was also affected by interaction of the three factors-autohydrolysis time, 2% 2-naphthol addition and concentration of dioxane. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the Klason lignin content increased with 2% 2-naphthol addition but was not affected by the concentration of dioxane solution. 4) After autohydrolysis and lignin extraction of Populus alba-glandulosa, the extractable Klason lignin content by extraction increased with lengthening the auto hydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and with 2% 2-naphthol addition. The extractable lignin content was the highest after extraction by 90% or 75% dioxane solution. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the extractable lignin content increased with 2% 2-naphthol addition. Extractions by 100%, 90% and 50% dioxane solutions were more effective for the extraction of Klason lignin than by 75% dioxane solution. 5) After autohydrolysis and lignin extraction of Populus alba-glandulosa, the yield of reducing sugars increased with lengthening the autohydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes but was not affected by 2% 2-naphthol addition and the concentration of dioxane. The yield of reducing sugars after enzymatic hydrolysis was slightly higher by extractions with 90%, 75% and 50% dioxane solutions than with 100% dioxane. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the yield of reducing sugars was not affected by 2% 2-naphthol addition but affected by the concentration of dioxane. The yield of reducing sugars was the highest in cellulosic substrates extracted by 100% dioxane solution.