• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.159-169
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• 2005

Objectives and methods: We investigated 17 books to study symptoms, pathology and acupuncture & moxibustion treatment of Hu-Ro(fatigue). Results and Conclusions: 1. The symptoms of Hu-Ro are the deafness, the amblyopia, the mass of sweat, the stiff joint, etc. There are also symptoms such as the fever of palm and legs, avoiding cold temperature in the afternoon, the fever during night time, the stomach fullness and diarrhea, the powerlessness of limbs, red colored urine. 3. The representing pathological mechanisms of Hu-Ro are Yang-deficiency(陽虛), Yin-deficiency(陰虛), Energy(Qi)-deficiency(氣虛), Blood(Hyul)-deficiency(血虛). The other pathological mechanisms are deficiency of Liver, Heart, Spleen, Lung, Kidney and the basic Energy. 4. The fundamental treatment of Hu-Ro is "warming on worned ones(勞者溫之), supplying on damaged ones(損者益之), strengthening the weakened ones(虛卽補之)" as basis and also supplying blood with fostering spleen(養血建脾) and droping fever with clearing the clogged(降火淸鬱). 5. The meridians that could be used in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment application of Hu-Ro are the urinary bladder meridian, the conception vessel meridian(任脈), governor channel meridian(督脈), kidney meridian(腎經), liver meridian, heart meridian, spleen meridian, lung meridian, stomach meridian, small intestine meridian, gall bladder meridian, pericardium meridian and triple-warmer meridian in order of frequently refered. 6. The meridian points that could be used in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment application of Hu-Ro are Joksamni (足三里:25times), Sinsu(腎兪:20回), Bisu(脾兪:19回), Pyesu(肺兪:18回), Qihye(氣海:17回), Gohwang(膏肓:15回), Kwanwon(關元:14回), Sameumgyo(三陰交:13回), Eumgeuk(陰郄:12回), Daechu(大樞:12回), Sinmun(神門:11回), Simsu(心兪:11回), Nyegwan(內關:10回), Jungwan(中脘:10回) in order of frequently refered.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.121-125
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was carried out to analyse Hand Greater Yang Skin in human. Methods: Hand Greater Yang meridian was labeled with latex in the body surface of the cadaver. And subsequently body among superficial fascia and muscular layer were dissected in order to observe internal structures. Results : A depth of Skin encompasses a common integument and a immediately below superficial fascia, this study established Skin boundary with adjacent structures such as relative muscle, tendon as compass. The Skin area of the Hand Greater Yang in human are as follows: The skin close to 0.1chon ulnad of $5^{th}$ nail angle, ulnad base of $5^{th}$ phalanx, ulnad head of $5^{th}$ metacapus(relevant muscle: abductor digiti minimi muscle), ulnad of hamate, tip of ulnar styloid process(extensor carpi ulnaris tendon), radiad of ulnar styloid process, 2cm below midpoint between Sohae and Yanggok(extensor carpi ulnaris), between medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon of ulnar(ulnar nerve), The skin close to deltoid muscle, trapezius muscle, platysma muscle, inner muscles such as teres major muscle, infraspinatus muscle, supraspinatus muscle, levator scapulae muscle, splenius cervicis muscle, splenius capitis muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle, digastric muscle, stylohyoid muscle, zygomaticus major muscle, auricularis anterior muscle. Conclusions: The Skin area of the Hand Greater Yang from the anatomical viewpoint seems to be the skin area outside the superficial fascia or muscles involved in the pathway of Hand Greater Yang meridian, collateral meridian, meridian muscle, with the condition that we consider adjacent skins.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.217-237
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to show that there is a sure effect of the Extra Gigong Therapy(EGT) on Osteoarthritis patients. 1. Methods of the Spreading-Qi, Breathe naturally, concentrate the mind on Lower Dan(elixir field), When exhaling, Mindwill accompanies Qi to go to the Conception Vessel(CV) and Governor Vessel(GV), conduct Qi to the palms or fingers and emit Qi, with the emitting site touching or leaving the treated region. Qi helps vitality exalted, balance kept, and the circulation well-flowed. 2. For that, we made a schedule of joining some of Osteoarthritis patients who usually take anti-Osteoarthritis drugs, dividing them into two of groups. One is EGT-taken(group 1) and the other is not EGT-taken(group 2). 3. For insurance of analytic accuracy, we use the IEMD(Inner Energy Meridian Diagnosis). 4. In conclusion, there was significant differences between two of groups. Especially from the point of view of liver, kidney and spleen meridian pathways.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 2016

Objectives and Methods : The aim of this study was to investigate twirling and supplementation and draining by analyzing ancient acupuncture literature and modern research papers, and to discuss the quantitative standards for the procedure. Results : Twirling supplementation and draining techniques were first described in Huang do neijing, after which they were recorded in various other ancient acupuncture texts. Not only were these techniques used in the active treatment of patient historically, but they also form the foundations of modern-day acupuncture treatment. Twirling supplementation and draining techniques described in ancient literatures can be divided into Yin and Yang. Examples of Yang characteristics include Up, Male, Morning, Hands, the governor vessel, Outside, and Left. The left rotation technique is a reinforcing method performed by moving the thumb forward while rotating the needle. Examples of Yin characteristics include Down, Female, Afternoon, Foot, the conception vessel(CV), Inside, and Right. The right rotation technique is a reducing method performed by moving the thumb backward while rotating the needle. Twirling supplementation and draining has been divided for four ways by classical literature and research that worked before. the direction of acupuncture, the stimulus-quantity of acupuncture, the performance of doctor(the uses of both hands, left and right hand) and the feeling of patient. Conclusions : Therefore, continuous research is required to implement Twirling supplementation and draining in a consistent manner. In addition, more active clinical trials using the techniques are necessary as well.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to search acupuncture & moxibustion treatment on hemafecia. Methods : We search thirty-seven oriental medical literatures related to hemafecia and arrange the articles according to the etiological cause, pathogenesis, acupuncture & moxibustion treatment. Results : 1. Hemafecia is mainly caused by intrinsic factors such as inadequate diet, habitual drinking, indiscreet sex and others. 2. Hemafecia is mainly due to the intestinal febrile state, but sometimes due to the infirmity of whole body energy including digestive system. 3. Governor Vessel Meridian, Bladder Meridian, Spleen Meridian and Stomach Meridian are frequently used for acupuncture & moxibustion treatment on hemafecia. 4. B57, GV1 are most frequently used for acupuncture & moxibustion treatment on hemafecia. 5. CV12, CV6, S36 are most frequently used for moxibustion treatment on hemafecia. 6. Acupuncture points are mainly distributed throughout the low back, lower abdomen and lower limb.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.243-254
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• 2004

Objectives & Methods : This study was to study etiology and pathologic mechanism and to study acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for GU-CHANG. I've got compared and analyzed 42 kinds of book since Nei Jing(內經). Results and Conclusion : 1. The etiologies are heat of heart and spleen, insufficiency of middle -warm energy, deficiency of yin lead to hyperactivity of fire. 2. The meridians of acupuncture points which were used much for GU-CHANG were Conception Vessel Meridian, Stomach Meridian and Bladder Meridian. 3. The frequency of using acupunture points in this treatment were Hapkok(LI4)-17th, Sungjang(CV24)-14th, Nogung(P8)-12th, Kumjin Okaeg(NH70)-11th.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.207-210
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• 2002

The effects of electroacupuncture on gastric motility in dogs were investigated in this study. The acupoints used in this experiment were Zu San Li (ST-36), Feng Long (ST-40), Jie Xi (ST-41), and Li Dui (ST-45) which belong to stomach meridian, Wei Shu (BL-21) which belongs to urinary bladder meridian, and Zhong Wan (CV-12) which belongs to conception vessel meridian. The animals were stimulated with 2-4 volt and 5 Hz for 20 min. Electroacupuncture at Zu San Li and Wei Shu acupoint increased the gastric motility, but Zhong Wan decreased the motility. There were no change in gastric movement after electrostimulation at Feng Long, Jie Xi and Li Dui acupoints. It was considered that electroacupuncture at Zu San Li and Wei Shu acupoints to promote the gastric movement, and at Zhong Wan acupoint to depress the movement might be effective in veterinary practice.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.204-206
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• 2002

The effects of electroacupuncture on small intestinal motility in dogs were investigated. The acupoints used in the experiment were Shao Ze (SI-1), Hou Xi. (SI-3), Yang Lao (SI-6), Zhi Zheng (SI-7) and Xiao Hai (SI-8) which belong to small intestine meridian, Xiao Chang Shu (BL-27) which belongs to urinary bladder meridian, and Guan Yuan (CV-4) which belongs to conception vessel meridian. The anupoints were stimulated with 2-4 volt and 5 Hz for 20 minutes Electroacupuncture at Shao Ze, Yang Lao, and Xiao Hai acupoints increased the intestinal motility, but at Guan Yuan decreased the motility. The acupuncture at Hou Xi, Zhi Zheng and Xiao Chang Shu acupoints showed an increase or decrease of the intestinal movement. The results indicate that the electroacupuncture at Guan Yuan acupoint may depress intestinal motility in cases such as vomiting or diarrhea, and the acupuncture at Shao Ze, Yang Lao, and Xiao Hai acupoints to promote the motility in cases of digestive disturbance may be effective in veterinary practice.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1030-1033
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• 2007

Following conclusions about Taeyang meridian and Taeyang type were obtained through studies with reference to the books of ${\ll}$Donguibogam${\gg}$, ${\ll}$Hwangjaenaegyung${\gg}$, and ${\ll}$Special Lectures of Master Jisan on Medical cases${\gg}$ . Park noticed that there was difference in the development of 12 meridians among the individuals and tried to apply it in the diagnosis and the treatment of the disease, thereby creating the theory of the six meridian types. The literal basis is assumed to a phrase in ${\ll}$YoungChu GyungMaek${\gg}$ , ‘人經不同 絡脈異所別也’. Taeyang meridian runs through the back of the human body. The concept of TaeYang includes surface, starting point, diffusion of Yang Gi, and emission. Small intestine meridian of hand Taeyang manages the liquid and Bladder meridian of foot Taeyang manages the muscle. There is much flow of blood and less of Gi in Taeyang meridian which makes the connection to hair, flesh, liquid, muscle and vessel. Taeyang conceals and condenses objects because it belongs to Hansu according to division of Six atmospheric influences and to the winter. The articulation is stiff and urination and elimination are abnormal when disease occurs in this meridian. The pathology of Taeyang meridian would be the invasion of outer filthy Gi affecting the Bladder meridian of foot Taeyang which then again makes Kidney meridian of foot Soeum sick. The two meridians compose the outer part and the inner part of th body. The bladder itself becomes sick sometimes. The condition of less Gi in Taeyang meridian can easily result in the shortage of Gi, and much blood makes the person to have a lofty ideal or to have capricious behavior.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.553-558
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• 2010

Nutrient and Blood are really common conceptions in Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM). However, those are used in mixed. not only because of their common points but users who doesn't have clear classifications between them. Therefore, I will explain those owns by explaining origins, places of origons, pathway, circulations, organs related to them and color. In addition, I will try to explain thi things in common without conceptions of their own. As a result, the first, nutrient is what is originated from water and food at middle energizer and circulated in meridian vessel by control of spleen. The second, blood is what is originated from qi of water and food and circulated in blood vessel by control of heart and its color is red. The third, nutrient blood is what is originated from water and food or qi of water and food and circulated in meridian or blood vessel by control of spleen and heart. Also it is red and its function is nourishing human body. The name of Nutrient blood is a new term that I made and it is different from nutrient or blood. Also it is different from nutrient and blood. Nutrient blood is combination by conceptions, nutrient and blood is combination by word itself.