• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.177-193
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to test whether Yoga exercise, one of muscle relaxation, helps to relieve chronic low back paln. Sample were selected from nurses who were worked at K medical center in the period from March 18 to April 23, 1996. The sample size was fifteen. The research design was one-group pretest-posttest design. To test the major research question, this study had the following procedure. The pretest included measuring individuals' degree of pain and discomfort depending on the scope and types of an range of motion, and their pain by their activity of daily living(ADL). The treatment was conducted twice every other week. The reason why this study had twice observations was to control history effect and maturation which treat internal validity in the research design of this study. In this research design, a treatment was to expose Yoga exercise to samples. The exercise was taken in 30 minutes per day for four days in a week (Two consecutive days and twice every other day). The posttest included re-measuring the individuals' the degree of pain and discomfort, and their pain by their ADL. Several hypotheses concerning effect of Yoga exercise was analyzed by the paired t-test, comparing the difference scores between pre and post tests. The results of this study was as follows. The first hypothesis that the post-treatment group taking the Yoga exercise had the pain score lower than the pre-treatment group was supported(t=3.31, p=.005). The second hypothesis that the discomfort score of the post-treatment group had lower than does that of the pre-treatment group was supported(t=2.75, p=.016). The third hypothesis that the post-treatment group had the pain score by ADL lower than does the pre-treatment group was supported(t=5.52, p=.000). In summary, this study examined the effect of a yoga exercise, one of muscle relaxation, on those who were suffered from chronic low back pain. The effect measured by the degree of pain and discomfort with a visual analog scale was statistically significant. The degree of pain according to postures in ADL also showed statistical significance. These findings showed that a yoga exercise was effective to alleviation of chronic low back pain. A pretest-posttest control group design, however, needs to get more accurate results since the design satisfies Internal validity. Consequently, yoga as an exercise cure improves an interaction between muscles and articulations, and performance of ADL for those suffered from chronic low back pain. Furthermore, this positive impact may be an effective method as nursing intervention for their physical, mental, emotional, social, and psychological recovery.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-48
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• 2004

Dental caries taking place with milk teeth affects eruption of permanent teeth adversely, and thus, it is very important to prevent dental caries from taking place with a child in maintaining his/her physical, mental and emotional health. In this study as conducted to obtain basic data to be required for development of a program for letting preschool children form a habitual life for oral health and right dietary life, a total 172 children aged 5 years and 6 years were selected from children who lived in Hwasung-si, Kyunggi-do and attended preschools (childrens houses) located there with the consent of their guardians. Then, the weight length index (WLI) and blood components of each child were analyzed, and each relation between the weight length index (WLI) and dental caries of milk teeth and between blood components and dental caries of milk teeth was comparatively examined, and thereby, the following results were obtained. When the dmf rate of each group according to the obesity was examined, it was found to be 87.50% in the under-weight group, 71.20% in the normal weight group and 83.87% in the overweight group. And when the dmft rate of each group was examined, it was found to be 48.43% in the under-weight group, 37.10% in the normal weight group and 47.17% in the overweight group. Also, when the dmft index of each group was examined, it was found to be 3.9 in the under-weight group, 3.0 in the normal weight group and 3.8 in the overweight group. That is to say, the under-weight group and the overweight group having an abnormal weight were found to be higher in all of the dmf rate, the dmft rate and the dmft index than the normal weight group. It could be, therefore, known that normal weight should be maintained in order to prevent dental caries of milk teeth. And, it is thought that a right dietary life habit ensuring intake of balanced nutrients should be formed for maintenance of a normal weight. As a result of examining the relation between nutrient components in blood and dental caries of milk teeth, in the case of children with no dental caries, inorganic nutrient components of blood had a tendency to be a little higher, but no statistical significance was observed therein. Meanwhile, it was found that there was a relation between blood type and the dmft index.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.160-165
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Korea is quickly becoming an aged society. Dementia is also becoming a vital public health problem in Korea. Cognitive impairment as a pre-stage of dementia shares most risk factors for dementia. The aim of the present study was to determine associations of serum levels of vitamins A, C, and E with the risk of cognitive impairment among elderly Koreans. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 230 participants aged 60-79 years from Yangpyeong cohort were included. Cognitive function was assessed by the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening. The logistic multivariable regression model was applied to determine the effect of serum vitamins A, C, and E on the risk of cognitive impairment. RESULTS: There was no significant association between the risk of cognitive impairment and serum levels of vitamin A and vitamin C. There was a significant odd ratio when the second tertile group of beta-gamma tocopherol level was compared to the first tertile group [odds ratio (OR) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.14-0.98, P for trend = 0.051]. In subgroup analyses, there were significant negative associations between beta-gamma tocopherol level and the risk of cognitive impairment in men (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.03-0.87, P for trend = 0.028), non-drinkers or former drinkers (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.02-0.66, P for trend = 0.025), and non-smokers or former smokers (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.09-0.82, P for trend = 0.017). CONCLUSION: Serum beta-gamma tocopherol levels tended to be inversely associated with the risk of cognitive impairment. Further prospective large-scaled studies are needed to examine this association.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2005

This study is aimed at analyzing the relationship between personal factors of radiological technologists and their job stressors. For this aim, a survey was conducted by means of 890 questionnaires from the middle of July to the end of August 2003 to the subjects of radiological technologists who are working for 44 general hospitals in 16 cities and provinces across the country. The results of the survey could be summed up as follows: 1. The biggest stressor that affects a radiological technologist personally under the working situation turned out to be position, job satisfaction and physical symptom(p<0.001), while job satisfaction and physical symptom also played an important role in personal relationship(p<0.001). 2. In terms of job conflicts, colleagues, immediate seniors, job satisfaction and physical symptoms appeared to exercise great impact(p<0.001), As for job autonomy, age, position and job satisfaction were known to be heavily influential(p<0.001). 3. With regard to job load, job satisfaction and behavioral symptom turned out to have great influence while, in job stability, position and job satisfaction seemed to be immensely influential(p<0.001). The present study has a limit in that it covers only radiological technologists who are working at the 3rd reference hospitals but excludes those who are working at the first and second reference hospitals. The findings, however, are surely believed to be able to serve as basic data to improve the medical service quality as they will help reduce the stressors of and enhance mental and physical health for radiological technologists who play important roles as teammates with expertise in the medical field. These outcomes could also be referred to in future studies in this area.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.282-286
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• 2002

Objectives : The level of 4-hydroxyproline (4-Hyp) in human urine was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. This method is useful for medical examinations and investigating the radicals induced by physical, chemical, mental stresses. This method is superior to many published several methods in terms of its low cost and ability to analyze many samples. Methods : The urine from workers in a tire manufacturing company (22 male pre- and post-shift workers) and 18 office-workers as controls were analyzed. Data concerning age, the cumulative drinking amount and the cumulative smoking amount was collected with a questionnaire. The optimum applied amount of dansyl-Cl, the optimum reaction temperature and time, the recoveries and the optimum pH of the eluent and buffer were determined.4-Hyp from human urine was derivatized with dansyl-Cl (dimethylamino-naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride) after removing the a-amino acid by a treatment with phthalic dicarboxaldehyde (OPA) and cleaned with Bond Elut C18 column. The 4-Hyp derivatives were separated on a reversed phase column by gradient elution with a phosphate buffer (5 mmol, pH 8.0) and acetonitrile, and detected by fluorescence measurements at 340 nm (excitation) and 538 nm (emission). Results : The detection limit for the urinary free 4-Hyp was $0.364{\mu}mol/l$. The recovery rate of 4-Hyp was 99.7%, and the effective pH of the phosphate buffer and borate buffer were 3.0 and 8.0, respectively. From statistical analysis, age, drinking and smoking did not affect the urinary free 4-Hyp in both the controls and workers. The range of urinary 4-Hyp in the controls, pre-shift, and post-shift workers were 0.33-16.44, N.D-49.06, and $0.32-56.27{\mu}mol/l$. From the pared-sample t-test, the urinary 4-Hyp levels in post-shift workers ($11.82{\pm}6.73\;nmmol/mg\;Cre$) were 2-fold higher than in pre-shift workers ($5.36{\pm}5.53\;nmol;/mg\;Cre$) and controls ($4.91{\pm}4.89\;nmol;/mg\;Cre$). Conclusions : This method was developed with high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The present method was effectively applied to analyze the urinary free 4-Hyp in both controls and workers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.341-357
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• 2018

Due to the paradigm of open science and advanced digital information technology, data sharing and re-use have been actively conducted and considered data-intensive in a wide variety of disciplines. This study aims to investigate the intellectual structure portrayed by the research products re-using the data sets from ICPSR. For the purpose of this study, a total of 570 research products published in 2017 from the ICPSR site were collected and analyzed in two folds. First, the authors and publications of those research products were analyzed in order to show the trends of research using ICPSR data. Authors tend to be affiliated with university or research institute in the United States. The subject areas of journals are recognized into Social Sciences, Health, and Psychology. In addition, a network with clustering analysis was conducted with using co-word occurrence from the titles of the research products. The results show that there are 12 clusters, mental health, tabocco effect, disorder in school, childhood, and adolescence, sexual risk, child injuries, physical activity, violent behavior, survey, family role, women, problem behavior, gender differences in research areas. The structure portrayed by ICPSR data re-uses demonstrates that substantial number of studies in Medicine have been conducted with a perspective of social sciences.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

This paper addresses the minor differences in the description of pain in Korean language in order to develop a standarized cancer pain aneument tool for Korean adults, Korean Caancer Pain Assessement Tool. The subtle differences in the meaning of expressions used cannot be translated into English and therefore we omiltted the English abstract.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.40
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• pp.139-166
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of poverty on the psychosocial adjustment of adolescents. Particularly, this study seeks to examine the mediating effects of neighborhood environments and parental depression. The 2008 'the Korean Youth General Survey' data were utilized. We analyzed data from 2,218 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 and their parents. We defined poverty as the income-to-needs ratio, and measured neighborhood environment using the degrees of neighborhoods' disorder, attachment, cohesion, and informal social control. Adolescents' externalizing and internalizing problem behaviors were used as indicators of adolescents' psycho-social adjustment. Structural equation modeling was utilized as the major analytic method. This study found that adolescents in low income families were more likely to reside in disadvantaged and dangerous neighborhoods. More importantly, the results revealed that psychosocial adjustment of the adolescents was indirectly influenced by poverty through the mediators, neighborhood environment and parental depression. Based on the results, we discussed policy and practice implications, including various interventions that may improve parental mental health and neighborhood environment of low income communities.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.693-709
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• 2016

This study was to investigate depressive symptoms of caregiving grandmothers in South Korea and related factors focusing on caregiving characteristics. The data were drawn from the fourth wave of Korean Longitudinal Study on Ageing (KLoSA). The study participants were 3,291 grandmothers who had at least one grandchild, and we limited our analysis to 127 grandmothers who had provided care for their grandchild(ren) during the past one year. As for the depressive symptoms, Center for Epidemiological Survey-Depression 10(CES-D 10) short version were applied. Caregiving characteristics including caregiving duration by weeks per year, caregiving hours per week and the number of grandchildren who received grandmother care were examined. A multiple logistic regression was performed to detect association between caregiving characteristics and depressive symptoms while adjusting for general socioeconomic characteristics and health status of caregiving grandmothers. The longer duration of caregiving lowered the depressive symptoms and in contrast, those who spent more hours for providing care to their grandchildren were more exposed to the depressive symptoms. Physical pain significantly increased their depressive symptoms and low income level were more likely to induce depressive symptoms. More detailed studies on grandchild caregiving patterns among grandmothers were needed. Also, tailored support policy and services should be considered to alleviate their burden and depression in the future.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.58-67
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of a mindfulness-based Body-Mind Intervention Program using marine resources on the improvement of quality of sleep, mood symptoms, and cognitive function in Korean female emotional labor workers. Methods: Twelve female workers who experienced excess emotional labor participated at the training camp program for five days in Danghangpo-ocean park, Goseung-gun, Gyeongnam Province in South Korea. Participant sleep quality, mood symptoms, and cognitive functioning before, after, and 1.5 months later were evaluated and analyzed. Results: After participating in the marine resource program, participants reported significantly decreased sleep latency. Global sleep quality, cognitive functions (attention, flexibility, and inhibition control), and mood states, including depression, tension, anger, fatigue, were also improved. These effects were generally maintained after 1. 5 months (PSQI t = 2.63, p = 0.02 ; HAM-D t = 5.92, p < 0.001). Conclusion: A Body-Mind Intervention Program using marine resources was effective in relaxing emotion-related tension and improving cognitive function. To advance this pilot study, it is necessary to carry out further research to investigate the use of marine resources in mental health interventions.