• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.2079-2084
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• 2013

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among Iranian women and mastectomy comprises 81% of surgeries for treatment of breast cancer. Mastectomy may create feelings such as deformation or impairment in patients, cause body-image disorder, and reduce sexuality and sexual activity which in turn may entail mental disorders. The study aimed to elaborate coping processes. Materials and Methods: A grounded theory method was used in conducting this study. Twenty Iranian participants undergoing mastectomy were recruited with purposive sampling. An open, semi-structured questionnaire were developed. Obtaining consent, conversations were recorded and immediately transcribed after each session. Data analysis was carried out with the constant comparative method using the Strauss Corbin approach. Results: Analyzing the collected data, the study came up with seven main categories which affected the coping process in patients with breast cancer, namely: reactions to mastectomy; loss and death contest; reconstruction of evaluation system; consent for undergoing mastectomy; reactions and troubles after loss; confrontation of loss and health; and reorganization and compatibility with changes. Conclusions: The results of the study indicated: when patients become informed of their breast cancer and the necessity of undergoing mastectomy as the treatment, they probably pass through seven categories to adapt after mastectomy. Having insight about them is likely to contribute medical personnel in leading patients to the highest degree of feeling healthy.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2011

In creative design, it is necessary to understand the characteristic of architectural design. In the world of design problem, a distinction can be made between those that are well-defined and those that are ill-defined. Well-defined problems are those for which the ends or goal, are already prescribed and apparent, their solution requires the provision of appropriate means. For ill-defined problems, on the other hand, both the ends and the means of solution are unknown at the outset of the problem solving exercise, at least in their entirety. Most of design problems is ill-defined, which is unknown at the beginning of the problem solving exercise. In order to solve the design problem, Designers take advantage of the search methods of problem space, such as global-search-methods(depth-first-methods, breath-first-methods), local-search-methods(generate and test, heuristics, hill-climbing, reasoning) and visual thinking, which is represented through sketching. Sketching is a real part of design reasoning and it does so through a special kind of visual imagery. Also in the design problem solving it have been an important means of problem exploration and solution generation. By sketching, they represent images held in the mind as well as makes graphic images which help generate mental images of entity that is being designed. The search methods of problem space and a visual thinking have been crucially considered in the architectural design. The purpose of this paper is to explore the property of design by means of the pre-existed-experiment data and literature research. The findings will help design the architectural design for more creative results.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1055-1064
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• 2012

본 연구는 기존 운동선수 자기관리 검사지의 획일화 된 점수 부여 방법에서 발생하는 의문점을 해결하기 위해서 검사 항목에 대한 계층구조 분석을 통해 상대적 중요도를 계산하여 이를 계량화하였다. 이에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다. 운동선수 자기관리 검사지의 상위요인에 대한 상대적 중요도는 훈련관리, 정신관리, 몸 관리, 대인관리의 순으로 평가되었고, 하위요인에서도 상대적 중요도가 모든 검사항목에서 다르게 부여된다는 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 운동선수 자기관리 검사 도구의 상대적 중요도를 고려한 초기연구로써 스포츠현장과 전문가의 요구를 반영한 사용가능성도 제시하고 있다. 이를 통해 스포츠현장에서 선수들의 경기력 향상에 작은 단서가 되길 기대한다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2014

Besides from medical data, the patients who were previously called as attention disorder, mental instability, moral imbeciles, or moral defectives, can also be identified by exploring literatures and historical figures. In the past, as we can notice from the titles, they were recognized as a 'moral defect group'. And rather than treating them, separation from the society was the main solution. After the endemic encephalitis from 1917 to late 1920s, however, many survivors suffered from behavioral problems similar to those of the previous 'moral defect group' and studies on the relationship between brain damage and behavior problems were started henceforth. After being known as the 'minimal brain dysfunction', it was developed into the current attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. While the disease concept changed and developed over time, after numerous trials and errors, treatment medication starting from central nervous system stimulants such as amphetamine and methylphenidate is used for treatment in children and adult patients with ADHD, and most recently non-stimulants such as atomoxetine has become the one of the first line treatment options. Although we went through a thorough verification process of the safety and efficacy of the medication by contemplating the historical development process, we believe that adjustment is needed for remaining concerns on medication abuse and slight differences in disease paradigm and therapeutic philosophy depending on cultures.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2001

본 연구는 디자인 실무와 교육에서 전개되는 아이디어 스케치 과정을 인지적 그래픽 사고(Graphic Thinking)의 과정으로 보고, 인지적 사고 과정에서 시각적 디자인 사고의 과정의 고찰과 함께 이에 투입되는 언어/시각 정보의 영향을 실험/분석하였다. 실험방법으로 디자인 프로젝트를 설정하여 이의 프로토콜 분석을 시행하였으며, 그 결과를 SAS 통계시스템의 T-Test 분석을 하였다. 연구결과로서, 첫째로, 그래픽 사고는 추상적 /구체적 영역과 개념적/ 지각적 영역 사이에서 언어/ 시각 정보의 인지적 사고과정에 의해 진행되는 것으로 설명될 수 있으며, 둘째로, LCD 태블릿은 펜과 종이를 대체할 수 있는 적절한 장치임을 확인하였다. 셋째로, 컨셉 디자인 단계에서는 언어/ 시각 디자인 정보의 유형에 따른 영향에서 유의적인 차이가 있음을 확인하지 못하였다. 즉, 그래픽 사고과정에서 그래픽 이미지, 지각이미지, 그리고 정신 이미지가 복합적으로 작용되고 있음을 확인해주는 결과로 볼 수 있다. 금후 실험을 다각화하여 연구를 보완할 경우, 디자인 사고의 시각화 과정에 대한 보다 일반화된 이론 체계가 세워질 것이다.

• 치과방사선
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 1999

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze radiologically the location and course of the mandibular canal and to observe the alveolar and basal bone changes during the remodeling procedures of atrophic mandible. Materials and Methods: CT scanning was performed on dry 30 edentulous or partially dentulous mandibles. In 48 edentulous lower halves, measuring areas were determined by three points in the length of the mandibular canal. The distance from the mandibular canal towards cranial and caudal edges, buccal and lingual external borders of the body of the mandible were measured. A statistical comparison between the mean values of different classes of mandibular body was carried out in the selected areas. Results: The distance between the mandibular canal and caudal borders of the body of the mandible and lingual borders dose not change in the atrophic process of mandible. The mandibular canal within the mandible courses downwards from mandibular foramen towards mesial and subsequently it gets to the mental foramen. The distance between the mandibular canal and buccal external border of basal bone changes similar to the change of cranial borders of alveolar bone in the atrophic process of mandible. Conclusion: CT scanning was very effective and practicable to analyze the location and course of the mandibular canal and to observe the alveolar and basal bone changes of atrophic mandible. Also more detailed investigation of basal bone changes observed during the remodeling procedures of atrophic mandibles seems reasonable to rely on the massive anthropologic collections of atrophic mandibles combined with CT scanning.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제35권
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• pp.205-229
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• 1998

가정-학교-지역사회의 연계는 최근 이슈화되고 있는 학교 사회사업의 전문적 정체성을 담보할 수 있는 가장 중요한 실천전략임에도 불구하고, 이를 위한 구조화된 프로그램의 개발이나 평가는 아직 미진한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 청소년기 문제예방을 위한 가정-학교의 상시적인 연계구축의 일환으로서 학교 기반의 부모교육 프로그램(School-based parent education program)을 개발하고자 했다. 이를 위해 현재 학교에서 진행중민 학생 대상의 예방 프로그램 내용과 관련하여 부모교육 프로그램 내용을 구성하고, 구성된 프로그램의 현실적 적합성과 타당성을 확인하고자 실제 학교 장면에서 시범운영을 하였다. 이러한 시범 운영의 과정과 결과에 대한 평가에 근거하여 프로그램의 내용을 수정 보완함으로써 최종적으로 학교 기반 부모교육 프로그램의 개발을 완료하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.21-32
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• 1992

This paper is studied on the concept of environmental cognition on accordance with the oriental(especially Buddhism) process of thinking. The Yeongiron(theroy : one of th most famous philosophy of Buddhism, the theory of cause and occasion) consists of the upgam-yeongi, the aroeyasik-yeongi, the chinyeo-yeongi and the pupkye-yeongi. And the concept of these theory are as follows: The conceptural elements of upgam-yeongi consist of sack(色), soo(受), sand(想), hand(行), sik(識). The elements connects with the western environmental psychology such as sack and objects, soo and stimuli, sand and perception, hand and cognition, sik and behavior. Similarly, aroeyasik-yeongi that consist of sangbun(相分), kyunbun(見分), chajungbun(自證分), chungjajungbun(證自證分) connects with objects, perception, cognition, behavior too. The chinyeo-yeongi divide into smase(三細) and yukchu(육추), the samse consist of mumyungupsang(無 明業相), nungyunsand(能見相), kyungyesand(境界相) and the yukchu consist of chisang(智相), sangsoksang(相續相), chipchisang(執取相), kyemyungjasang(計明字相), kiupsang(起業相), upgyegosang(業繫苦相). These elements are relates with the concept of western environmental psychology from objects to behavior too. Pupkye-yeongi represent a characteristic of objects itself rather than a process of environmental cognition. However this study has limitations that the religion and scientific methods should be compare. sack(色) : an elements of it's derivation, all kinds of material soo(受) : a function of reception, feeling sang(想) : a representation of a thought in the mind hang(行) : mental operation sik(識) : a function of judgement sangbun(相分) : the thing in itself kyunbun(見分) : a reflection in the mind chajungbun(自證分) : confirmation of kyunbun chungjajungbyn(證自證分) : self-consciousness through self-examination mumyungupsang(無明業相) : a state of mixture with the object and the subject nungyunsang(能見相) : an operation of the subject kyungyesang(境界相) : a formation of object chisang(智相) : the beginning of distinction sangsoksang(相續相) : a judgement chipchisang(執取相) : a rsponse kiupsang(起業相) : have a influence to the next behavior upgyegosang(業界苦相) : retribution

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2017

In this paper, We propose the aesthetic exploration of horseback riding is considered to be the process of pursuing physical, mental, emotional, and social beauty. Despite the search effect of aesthetics in various aspects, the study of equestrian aesthetics in the field of physical education in Korea is very insufficient. Equestrian aesthetics is being studied in the field of special physical education and is being studied in the fields of rehabilitation and therapeutic horseback riding. Horse riding is a type of exercise. However, studies that track and observe various changes are inadequate. The purpose of this study is to explore the theory of equestrian aesthetics and to explore the possibility of approaching aesthetic theory from the top of horseback riding and to extend the area of equestrian game aesthetically. Until now, horse riding has been thought to be an aristocratic sport. Today, however, everyone can participate. Horseback riding is a sport for raising livelihoods, and it is a special sport that animals and humans enjoy in harmony. Equestrianism is a method of aesthetics from below, a philosophical method of aesthetics from the top, and a scientific method of empirical or positivistic direction. This study examines equestrian aesthetics from aesthetic point of view through the whole process of horse riding. The purpose of this study is to explore the aesthetics of horse riding through an aesthetic approach from the top, and to study the nature of aesthetics, a philosophical debate on beauty, Art can be divided into two categories: empiricism and positivism. For the sake of simplicity, the former is called the philosophical method, the latter is called the scientific method, and the latter is called the aesthetic from the bottom. Generally, in art, artistic, artistic works, perfumers, if you are grasped in the triangular shape, equestrian aesthetics can be described as triplets such as horse riding, passengers, and spectators. It was not easy to give satisfactory results in suggesting a new theory or a clear discussion due to lack of precedent research.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2017

본 연구는 감정노동, 직무소진, 목표중심 자기조절 간의 관계에 초점을 둔 대상별 복지 융합연구의 일환으로, 유아교사의 감정노동이 직무소진에 미치는 영향과 이러한 영향이 목표중심 자기조절에 의해 완충되는지의 여부를 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 보육교사 231명을 대상으로 감정노동, 직무소진, 목표중심 자기조절에 관한 설문 조사를 실시하였으며, 자료분석을 위해서는 SPSS(PASW) 18.0과 SPSS용 PROCESS Macro를 사용하여 동시입력방식의 조절회귀분석이 이루어졌다. 연구결과, 첫째, 감정노동 수준이 증가할수록 유아교사의 직무소진도 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 목표중심 자기조절의 경우 감정노동이 직무소진에 미치는 부정적 영향을 완충함으로써 보호기능을 발휘하였다. 이에 본 연구는 유아교사 정신건강 관리의 중요성과 자기조절과 같은 내적자원 개발지원의 필요성을 제안한다.