• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.891-896
• /
• 1995

식품의 효소적 갈변을 일으키며 생체 내에서는 melanin 생합성을 촉매하는 효소인 tyrosinase의 저해제를 천연물로부터 탐색하기 위하여 mushroom tyrosinase와 L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine을 이용한 효소반응 시스템을 도입하여 채소류, 과실류 및 약용식물류 등의 식용식물체 129종 및 수용성 화합물 15종의 tyrosinase 활성 저해능을 측정하였다. 엽경채류의 경우 무순>레드치커리>냉이>쪽파>브로콜리>꽃양배추의 순으로 약 50% 이상의 높은 저해능을 보였으며 근채류, 버섯류 및 다류에서는 무, 마늘, 팽이버섯, 표고버섯, 느타리버섯, 녹차, 홍차가 50% 이상의 저해능을 보였다. 과채류의 경우 홍고추>모과>아보카도의 순으로 높은 효소저해 효과를 보여 50% 이상의 저해능을 나타내었으나 과실류는 전반적으로 저해능이 낮은 편이었다. 약용식물류에서는 오매>계피>복분자>상백피>측백엽>갈근>작약>산사자의 순서로 50% 이상의 효소활성 저해능을 보였으며, 초본류의 경우 올스파이스, 정향, 계피, 겨자가 50% 이상의 저해능을 보였다. 한편, 분석한 몇가지 수용성 화합물에 있어서는 4-hexylresorcinol, L-cysteine, glutathione, sodium bisulfite, kojic acid가 강력한 tyrosinase 활성 저해효과를 나타냈다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.760-763
• /
• 2001

본 연구는 앵두 과즙과 ethanol 추출액의 tyrosinase 활성억제효과를 조사하였다. 앵두과즙에 대한 tyrosinase 활성 저해효과는 반응 초기에 가장 높았으나 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 앵두과즙의 농도가 높을수록 높은 저해율을 보였다. 앵두 ethanol 추출액의 tyrosinase 활성 저해효과는 ethanol 추출액에서 얻어진 추출물의 농도가 높을수록 증가하였으며 70%(v/v) ethanol 추출액에서 가장 높았다. 한편 70%(v/v) ethanol 추출액의 전처리 시료중 ethyl acetate층이 73.8%의 높은 tyrosinase 활성 저해율을 보였다. 이는 앵두의 특정성분이 tyrosinase 활성을 저해하는 것으로 판단되어 기능성을 나타내는 물질에 대한 정성 및 정량의 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.238-242
• /
• 2015

Background: Panax ginseng has been used to prolong longevity and is believed to be useful for improving skin complexion. Ginsenosides are the most active components isolated from ginseng, and ginsenoside Rg3 (G-Rg3) in particular has been demonstrated to possess antioxidative, antitumorigenic, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of G-Rg3 to inhibit melanogenesis. Methods: The effects of G-Rg3 on melanin contents and the protein levels of tyrosinase, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1) were evaluated. Melanogenesis-regulating signaling molecules such as Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were also examined to explore G-Rg3-induced antimelanogenic mechanisms. Results: G-Rg3 was found to significantly inhibit the synthesis of melanin in normal human epidermal melanocytes and B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The activity of cellular tyrosinase and the expression of MITF, tyrosinase, and TRP1 were all reduced, whereas ERK was strongly activated. PD98059 (a specific inhibitor of ERK) attenuated the G-Rg3-induced inhibition of melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity. Conclusion: Taken together, these results showed that G-Rg3 induces the activation of ERK, which accounts for its antimelanogenic effects. G-Rg3 may be a promising safe skin-whitening agent, adding to the long list of uses of P. ginseng for the enhancement of skin beauty.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2013

Objective: Recently the demands for the effective and safe depigmentative and anti-aging agents of the skin have increased due to the medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic reasons. The purpose of this study is to investigate the MKG(Methanol Extract of Kaempferia galanga) and their dermal bioactivity properties related to cosmeceuticals such as depigmentation. Methods: We assessed inhibitory effects of MKG on melanin production in B16/F10 melanoma cells, on mushroom tyrosinase activity, effects of MKG on the expression tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, GSK-$3{\beta}$, CREB, MITF in B16/F10 melanoma cells without cytotoxicity range. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and tyrosinase activity was assessed using by DOPA staining, western-blot analysis. We measured inhibition of melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity by down-regulation of melanogenic enzyme expressions in ${\alpha}$-MSH induced melanogenesis B16/F10 melanoma cells. Results: MKG inhibited tyrosinase-activity, total melanin contents and dendrite out-growth. MKG inhibited melanogenesis by down-regulation of tyorsinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, CREB, and MITF in B16/F10 cells. The treatment with MKG at the 12.5, $25{\mu}g/ml$ level significantly inhibited the melanin synthesis induced ${\alpha}$-MSH in B16/F10 melanoma cells compared with untreated control. Conclusion: These results suggest that MKG inhibit melanin biosynthesis which is involved in hyper-pigmentation. So MKG is considered to be used as a whitening components reducing cytotoxicity.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.113-123
• /
• 2022

Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), a selective agonist for estrogen receptor β (ERβ), has been reported to regulate various hormonal responses through activation of ERβ in tissues including the mammary gland and brain. However, the effect of DPN on melanogenesis independent of ERβ has not been studied. The aim of this study is to examine the possibility of anti-melanogenic effect of DPN and its underlying mechanism. Melanin contents and cellular tyrosinase activity assay indicated that DPN inhibited melanin biosynthesis in alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cell line. However, DPN had no direct influence on in vitro tyrosinase catalytic activity. On the other hand, 17β-estradiol had no effect on inhibition of melanogenesis, suggesting that the DPN-mediated suppression of melanin production was not related with estrogen signaling pathway. Immunoblotting analysis showed that DPN down-regulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a central transcription factor of melanogenesis and its down-stream genes including tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2. Also, DPN attenuated the phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB). Additionally, DPN suppressed the melanin synthesis in UVB-irradiated HaCaT conditioned media culture system suggesting that DPN has potential as an anti-melanogenic activity in physiological conditions. Collectively, our data show that DPN inhibits melanogenesis via downregulation of PKA/CREB/MITF signaling pathway.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2009

대황으로부터 추출한 rhapontin을 산업용 효소로 가수분해하여 rhapontigenin을 제조하고 kojic acid, hydroquinone 및 ascorbic acid를 비교물질로 한 tyrosinase 활성저해 실험과 S. bikiniensis를 이용한 멜라닌 생성 억제효과 실험을 통해 미백효과에 대한 가능성을 확인하였다. Rhapontin과 rhapontigenin의 결과를 비교해 보면 rhapontigenin의 경우 tyrosinase활성저해 및 멜라닌 생성 억제능이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 rhapontin을 효소 가수분해하여 생성된 rhapontigenin은 미백능이 월등히 증가된 천연 미백화장품소재로 개발될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제54권4호
• /
• pp.284-289
• /
• 2011

선학초 추출물을 기능성 화장품 소재로 활용하기 위하여 미백효과를 검증하였다. 세포 내 tyrosinase 저해활성 측정결과 선학초 에탄올 추출물 $500{\mu}g/mL$에서 42%의 저해활성을 나타내었다. 이는 선학초 추출물이 세포 내 tyrosinase 발현을 억제시킴으로서 멜라닌 합성 또한 저해 하는 것임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 선학초 추출물의 단백질 발현과 mRNA 발현 억제효과를 검토한 결과 선학초 열수 및 에탄올 추출물을 처리한 B16F10군에서는 tyrosinase protein의 발현이 처리하지 않은 군보다 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 선학초 추출물의 미백효능을 확인할 수 있었으며, 식품 및 화장품의 기능성 소재로 이용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.11-32
• /
• 2010

Objective : The aim of this study is to determine the effects of Dendrobii herba extract and Punica granatum extract on skin disease and skin beauty. Methods : To investigate in vitro anti-oxidant activity assay, ethanol extracts of medicinal plants tested by DPPH radical, xanthine oxidase activity. In the next experiment, to investigate anti-inflammatory activity assay, examined by relations in NO synthesis, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, NF-${\kappa}B$, COX-2, MAP kinase. To study Skin wrinkle formation effect, we were examined by tyrosinase activities, melanin synthesis in MNT-1 cell. Results : 1. In an anti-oxidant test, Dendrobii and Punica granatum extract showed high radical scavenging activity. 2. In an anti-inflammatory test, Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract weakly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide(NO) release from RAW 246.7 macrophage cells. Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract also inhibited LPS-induced IL-$1{\beta}$ and COX-2 expressions. The inhibitory effect of Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract on macrophage activation were via the inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$, evidenced by transient transfection assay. however, Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract did not have any effects about activation of Jun-N-terminal kinase(JNK) and inhibition of p38 MAP kinase in RAW 264.7 cells. 3. In the skin wrinkle formation assay, Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract weakly inhibited collagenase and elastase, however it was not statistically significant. 4. In the skin whitening assay, Dendrobii herba and Punica granatum extract weakly inhibited tyrosinase activity, however, it was not statistically significant. They did not have any effect on melanin synthesis, indicating that they could not be applicable for skin whitening. Conclusion : Dendrobii herba extract and Punica granatum extract may play a significant role in skin disease and skin beauty.

• 대한화장품학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.29-32
• /
• 2004

내형질 세망 조직에서 N-글리코실레이션 과정의 초기 단계를 차단하면 멜라닌 생 합성의 주 효소인 티로시나제의 활성이 저해된다. 본 연구에서는 in vitro 환경에서 N-글리코실레이션 저해제의 활성을 증가시키고자 전달체로 pH 감응성을 갖는 나노크기의 지질구조체를 제조하고 이를 평가하였다. 이 pH 감응성 지질구조체 Melexsome은 일반적인 지질성분인 포스포리피드와 콜레스테롤 기반의 지질안정 성분으로 구성되며, 통상적인 리포좀 제조법에 따라 제조되었다. 글리코실레이션 저해 성분물질을 포집시킨 Melel[some의 효과는 EndoH ＆ PNGaseF 분해와 western blotting 방법에 의해 평가하였고, 멜라닌 합성량 또한 측정 되었다. 이 결과, pH 감응성을 갖도록 제조된 Melexsome이 N-글리코실레이션 저해제의 효능을 효과적으로 증진시킴을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 공초점 주사 현미경에 의한 세포관찰 결과에 따르면 Melexsome은 여타의 전달체에 비하여 세포질 내에 보다 효과적으로 전달되는 것으로 보여지며, 따라서 이같은 양친성 지실성분 기반의 pH 감응성 나노 전달체는 N-글리코실레이션 저해제의 전달 시스템으로서 미백 화장료 제품이 가져야 하는 침착된 색소에 의해 어두워진 피부톤의 개선 효과를 극대화 시키는데 적합하다고 여겨진다.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2006

Sphingolipid metabolites regulate many aspects of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In the present study, we have assessed the effects of the novel phytosphingosine derivative, N-acetylphytospingosine (NAPS), on the depigmentation of murine B16F10 melanoma cells, and have also attempted to identify the possible signaling pathway involved, in comparison with $C_{2}-ceramide$. NAPS and $C_{2}-ceramide$ both inhibited the growth of the B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity were significantly reduced in response to treatment with NAPS and $C_{2}-ceramide$ at concentrations in a range between $1-5\;{\mu}M$. However, the levels of tyrosinase mRNA, as well as the levels of tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) and tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2) genes and the level of tyrosinase protein remained unaffected by treatment with either NAPS or $C_{2}-ceramide$. We also attempted to determine the signaling pathway exploited by NAPS and $C_{2}-ceramide$. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of Akt/PKB at serine 473 by NAPS was reduced at the 5 minute mark, whereas $C_{2}-ceramide$ induced the phosphorylation of Akt/PKB at serine 473. Finally, Akt/PKB activity in the NAPS-treated cells was elevated in comparison with the untreated cells. LY294002, a specific PI3-K inhibitor which is located upstream of Akt/PKB, inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt/PKB, but induced an increase in melanin synthesis. These results suggest that the activation of Akt/PKB at serine 473 is related with the suppression of melanin production in the B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. Therefore, the mechanisms exploited by NAPS and $C_{2}-ceramide$ responsible for the depigmentation of B16F10 cells were concluded to involve the inhibition of melanosomal tyrosinase activity.