• Title/Summary/Keyword: Medical ethics

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Factors Influencing Patient Privacy Protection Behavior among Nursing Students (간호대학생의 환자 프라이버시 보호행동 영향요인)

  • Lee, Eun Joo;Shin, Hyun Sook;Ha, Eun Chae
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.225-234
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing patient privacy protection behavior among nursing students and examine the relationships between these factors. Methods: Participants in this study were 144 nursing students who have experienced clinical practice. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with IBM SPSS Win 23.0 program. Results: Professional self-concept and ethical values were factors influencing patient privacy protection behavior among nursing students. These variables explained 21.9% of the variance for patient privacy protection behavior. A higher level of patient privacy protection behavior was associated with higher levels of professional self-concept and ethical values. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that strategies for enhancing patient privacy protection behaviors of nursing students should include methods for forming images of positive nurses and firming ethical values.

Effects of Ethical Management on Job Satisfaction and Turnover in the South Korean Service Industry

  • Kim, Jong-Jin;Eom, Tae-Kyung;Kim, Sun-Woong;Youn, Myoung-Kil
    • The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.17-26
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    • 2015
  • Purpose - Ethical management connects corporate management outcomes and emphasizes organizational cooperation. It also links human resource management, auditing, and financial management to increase employee job satisfaction. A survey of American enterprises showed that employees with high ethical consciousness had greater job satisfaction and lower turnover. Research design, data, and methodology - Hypotheses and models based on previous studies were used to investigate the effects of ethical management on employee job satisfaction and turnover intentions. To examine hypotheses empirically, a questionnaire survey based on previous studies was administered to service business workers in Seoul. Results - The study investigated the effects of ethical management practices in relation to factors such as top management's willingness to put them into practice, their appropriateness and implementation within operations, and their influence on job satisfaction, and also examined the effects of job satisfaction on turnover intentions. Conclusions - Ethical management greatly influences job satisfaction and turnover intentions, providing organizational members with alternatives regarding ethical considerations, and to place a strong emphasis on management willingness and enterprise regulations and policies.

Awareness about Pandemic Infectious Diseases, Ethical Awareness, and Ethical Decision-making among Nursing Students (간호대학생의 신종 감염병에 대한 인식, 신종 감염병 상황에서의 윤리 인식과 윤리적 의사결정)

  • Kim, Yunsoo;Hong, Sungsil
    • Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.326-339
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: This study attempts to identify the level of awareness, ethical awareness, and decision-making among nursing students, in response to pandemic infectious diseases. Methods: Subjects were 210 nursing college students attending colleges in 5 cities and provinces nationwide. Data were collected from November 2017 to April 2018 using a self-administrated questionnaire, and analyzed utilizing descriptive statistics. Results: Considering the awareness of pandemic infectious diseases, the nursing students expressed high concern about the possibility of future outbreaks of pandemic infectious diseases and seriousness of the situation. There were numerous negative views on the response and stockpiling of drugs by the government. Ethical awareness of pandemic infectious diseases was high, with demands for accurate information and proper protective equipment. Overall, ethical decision-making when responding to pandemic infectious diseases represented a high score. Also, higher awareness levels of pandemic infectious diseases would result in increased ethical and ethical decision-making. Conclusion: In conclusion, we propose the introduction of an ethical education program for medical personnel and nursing university students, to enable the handling of future pandemic outbreaks of new infectious diseases.

Future of Scientific Research on Preventive Medicine in Korea (예방의학의 발전을 위한 학술활동)

  • Lim, Hyun-Sul
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.105-109
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    • 2006
  • The Korean Society of Preventive Medicine has undergone continuous development, after overcoming the difficult early years, in the 59 years since its establishment in 1947. It has repeatedly upgraded its quality and quantity of research with the first journal edition in 1968 and the continuous increase in publication numbers, scientific articles, joint research projects, intra-field exchanges and participation in various international scientific activities. In the future, we should gather a more extensive collection of opinions regarding the introduction of clinical preventive medicine specialists and prepare for the establishment of a training program for clinical specialists into a preventive medicine residency course. Moreover, we should raise interest in the importance of protecting individual information and maintaining medicine ethics. It's impossible to develop academic activities without cooperation. We need such cooperation with basic medical approaches across a wide range of fields. Furthermore, we should strengthen our cooperation with aspects of clinical and drug epidemiology in many fields including public health, statistics, and dietetics. Finally, we should raise the level of international cooperation with many countries, including North Korea, to prevent diseases and promote health. Preventive medicine is a science in which practice is as important as theory. We must aim to nurture preventive medicine specialists who practice in many areas of society with the goal of preventing diseases, promoting health, improving fertility, and securing healthy elderly life for individuals and the entire population. To this end, we will endeavor to promote both theoretical and practical components of academic development.

Correlation of Coffee Consumption, Lifestyle, and Nutrient Density (커피 소비와 생활습관 및 영양밀도의 관련성)

  • Kim, Sun-Hee;Han, Byoung-Duck;Yun, Mi-Eun
    • Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.115-128
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    • 2019
  • This study evaluated the nutrient intake with increasing coffee consumption for 403 adults aged over 30 years in Korea. The 403 subjects were national health screening examinees, who visited Sahmyook Seoul Hospital's Comprehensive Check-up Center between 2017.11.01 and 2018.12.18. The subjects were asked to answer questionnaires covering a 24-hour recall fluid and dietary intake before the health examination. The research ethics council of Sahmyook University (2-7001793-AB-N-012019036HR) approved this study. Coffee consumption exceeding two servings daily was more likely in males, in those aged between 30 and 40 years, and in the smoking, drinking, non-exercise, non-breakfast groups compared to each counterpart. The correlation between the coffee consumption frequency and current nutrient density showed negative correlations in most micronutrients. The mean nutrient density decreased gradually with increasing coffee consumption (<1 serving daily, ${\leq}1{\sim}2$ servings daily, >2 servings daily) in the ANOVA analysis. Therefore, the progressive adverse health effects of excessive coffee consumption needs to be researched further, and a daily total caffeine limit should be suggested in education of the nation levels.

Comparison of porcine and human acellular dermal matrix outcomes in wound healing: a deep dive into the evidence

  • Saricilar, Erin Cihat;Huang, Sarah
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.433-439
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    • 2021
  • Acellular dermal matrices (ADM) are a novel graft. The goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence behind differences in human and porcine ADM, irrelevant of manufacturing method, and to determine if there is enough of an evidence base to change clinical practice. An extensive literature search was performed through MEDLINE and Embase with search terms defining a population, intervention and outcome. Title and abstract exclusion were performed with other exclusion criteria. In 191 articles were found after exclusion of duplicates, with only 29 remaining following exclusions. Ten studies were found to have level I and II evidence (I=3, II=8), of which two were histopathological, one was an animal model, one was a systematic review, and six were clinical. The remaining studies were reviewed and considered for discussion, but did not hold high enough standards for medical evidence. Strong clinical evidence already exists for the use of human ADM, but questions of access, cost, and ethics require consideration of a xenograft. Histopathologically, evidence suggests minimal long-term differences between human and porcine ADM, although there is a short acute immune response with porcine ADM. Clinically, there is limited difference in outcomes, with a small range in effect of different ADM preparations. Considering the effectiveness of ADM in wound healing, more high-level research with appropriate statistical analysis to facilitate a future meta-analysis is recommended to justify a transition from human to porcine ADM.

Factors Affecting Psychological Burnout in Nurses Caring for Terminal Cancer Patients

  • Na-Ri, Seo;Hyun-E, Yeom
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.159-168
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of end-of-life care competency and ethical dilemmas on psychological burnout in nurses who care for terminal cancer patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 160 nurses who cared for terminal cancer patients was conducted. The participants were recruited from the hospice-palliative care wards, hematology or oncology wards, or intensive care units of three general hospitals in a single metropolitan area. Data were collected using a self-administered survey to assess end-oflife care competency, ethical dilemmas, psychological burnout, and general sociodemographic characteristics. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent ttest, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical linear regression analysis using SPSS for Windows (version 26.0). Results: Psychological burnout was significantly correlated with end-of-life care competency (r=-0.23, P=0.003) but not with ethical dilemmas. The results of the hierarchical linear regression analysis indicated that endof-life care competency (β=-0.280, P=0.010) and ethical dilemmas (β=0.275, P=0.037) were significant predictors of psychological burnout, after adjusting for age, religious status, clinical experience, and unit type. Conclusion: The current study's findings demonstrate that end-of-life care competency and ethical dilemmas are crucial factors that affect psychological burnout in nurses who care for terminal cancer patients. Substantive education programs must be developed to improve nurses' competencies in end-of-life care and ethical dilemmas to decrease psychological burnout.

Vaccines development in India: advances, regulation, and challenges

  • Rakshita Salalli;Jyoti Ram Dange;Sonia Dhiman;Teenu Sharma
    • Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.193-208
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    • 2023
  • One of the most significant medical advancements in human history is the development of vaccines. Progress in vaccine development has always been greatly influenced by scientific human innovation. The main objective of vaccine development would be to acquire sufficient evidence of vaccine effectiveness, immunogenicity, safety, and/or quality to support requests for marketing approval. Vaccines are biological products that enhance the body's defenses against infectious diseases. From the first smallpox vaccine to the latest notable coronavirus disease 2019 nasal vaccine, India has come a long way. The development of numerous vaccines, driven by scientific innovation and advancement, combined with researcher's knowledge, has helped to reduce the global burden of disease and mortality rates. The Drugs and Cosmetics Rules of 1945 and the New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules of 2019 specify the requirements and guidelines for CMC (chemistry, manufacturing, and controls) for all manufactured and imported vaccines, including those against coronavirus infections. This article provides an overview of the regulation pertaining to the development process, registration, and approval procedures for vaccines, particularly in India, along with their brief history.

Study on the relationship between the mindset of doctors and the meditation (concentrating on the buddhist meditation techniques) (한의사의 마음가짐과 명상수행에 대한 연구 (불교명상법을 중심으로))

  • Kim, Dae-Hwan;Kang, Jung-Soo
    • Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.11-18
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    • 2006
  • At the age of materialism and ignorance for life, the introspection for the ethics problem of the doctors, is getting more and more attention. It seems that every doctors should have the basic virtues of modesty and benevolence. Such virtues have been stressed throughout the human history, and, apart from the Hipp. ocratic oath of ancient greece, the morality of a doctor is the essential virtue, even for the doctors of western medicine, whose medical technology is based on the materialism. Unlike western medicine, oriental medicine, for its holistic and relative nature, has more 'relative' factors generated from each individual doctors and therefore, tends to be influenced more by the doctors' attitudes. The diagnosis process itself can be influenced by the emotions of patients and doctors, and even the efficacy of the acupuncture treatment itself can be influenced by the conception a doctor has when he/she conduct the treatment. Therefore, in every classics of oriental medicine have stressed the basic 'attitudes of mind' a doctor should have. But, at the time when the western 'natural science' paradigm prevails, it seems to be difficult to educate such state of mind simply by 'understanding' it through books or media. It needs 'shift of concept' through the humane tools of education. Therefore, the present writer would like to consider the effects and influences of meditation as the tools to develop the virtues of oriental doctors, and to investigate the possibility that the virtues achieved by the meditation is the same one as mentioned in many oriental medical classics(not only the attitude for the patients, but also the state of mind a doctor should have during the diagnosis and treatment process).

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Analysis of the seventh school curriculum relating to smoking prevention in Korea (제7차 교육과정에 의한 초.중.고등학교 교과서의 흡연예방교육내용 분석)

  • Hwang, Myung-Hee-Song;Suh, Mee-Kyung;Seo, Hong-Gwan;Myung, Seung-Kwon
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.181-200
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    • 2007
  • Objectives: A content analysis was conducted to examine whether the current school textbooks providing smoking information are effective or not. Methods: The authors reviewed 111 qualified textbooks using elementary through high schools during 2006-2007 academic year in Korea. Educational components were coded with an analysis tool developed through the present research. Result: Tobacco education components were narrowly focused on long-term physiological consequences of tobacco use, addictiveness, and harmful ingredients and they were repetitively shown in the textbooks. Negative health consequences such as lung cancer were emphasized 10 times among 12 smoking-related textbooks. Educational messages or contents are mainly based on medical knowledge (72%) rather than psycho-social components. The US school-based smoking prevention programs, however, employ psycho-social approach with cognitive and life-skill components and they contain only 7-17% of smoking-related medical knowledge. In order to increase psycho-social smoking prevention components in Korean textbooks, the present study identified social subjects of textbooks (and relating core sessions) for elementary, middle, and high school. It also provided guidelines for school instructors to use. Conclusion: Adolescent smoking behavior is not caused by the deficit of health information, but mostly by social influences including media and peer pressure. School textbooks proving smoking information need to increase psycho-social context. One of the most effective ways as a psycho-social smoking prevention program is to use social subjects (or curriculum) of textbooks such as social studies, ethics, social cultures, social environment, and home management.