• 의학교육논단
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2021

Students must be familiar with clinical skills before starting clinical practice to ensure patients' safety and enable efficient learning. However, performance is mainly tested in the third or fourth years of medical school, and studies using the validity framework have not been reported in Korea. We analyzed the validity of a performance test conducted among second-year students classified into content, response process, internal structure, relationships with other variables, and consequences according to Messick's framework. As results of the analysis, content validity was secured by developing cases according to a pre-determined blueprint. The quality of the response process was controlled by training and calibrating raters. The internal structure showed that (1) reliability by generalizability theory was acceptable (coefficients of 0.724 and 0.786, respectively, for day 1 and day 2), and (2) the relevant domains had proper correlations, while the clinical performance examination (CPX) and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) showed weaker relationships. OSCE/CPX scores were correlated with other variables, especially grade point average and oral structured exam scores. The consequences of this assessment were (1) making students learn clinical skills and study themselves, while causing too much stress for students due to lack of motivation; (2) reminding educators of the need to apply practical teaching methods and to give feedback on the test results; and (3) providing an opportunity for faculty to consider developing support programs. It is necessary to develop the blueprint more precisely according to students' level and to verify the validity of the response process with statistical methods.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2015

Mongolia is suffering from the inadequate capacity of medical doctors due to a poor education and training system. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of a clinical training program for capacity building of medical doctors in Mongolia, and to suggest an effective model for continuing professional development in developing countries. Based on the results of a needs assessment, Korean and Mongolian medical experts developed a clinical training program and trained the trainers on 32 topics regarding major clinical problems in 6 specialties, including cardiology, endocrinology, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, neurology, and emergency medicine. Surveillance survey and pre/post-test were used on every topic to evaluate the satisfaction and achievement, respectively, of the trainees. Six months after the clinical training program, we interviewed a sample of medical professionals to evaluate the change and impact. A total of 612 (person-year) medical doctors participated in the training, and the average score for satisfaction was 7.69 out of 8. The average score of the pre-test was 46.9 out of 100, while the post-test was 82.4. After the training, the medical doctors were applying their new knowledge and skills to their practice, and using the materials as guidelines, which improved their practice and increased patient satisfaction. They also started their own training program and adopted new equipment at their hospitals. The satisfaction and achievement of the trainees were very high, and there was significant change in the medical practice, education system, and infrastructure after the training program. This training program can be an effective model for capacity building of medical doctors in developing countries.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of clinical practice in school on clinical competence in nurse. Method: This study used a quasi experimental post-test design. Data were collected after post-test from April 1, 2005 to May 30, 2005 and from 73 clinical nurses(53 experimental group, 20 control group) who work for 4 General hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSSWIN 11.5 with $X^2$-test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and stepwise multiple regression. The experimental group participated in treatment : 4-week consecutive clinical nursing education with preceptor in schooling, and the control group participated in treatment : traditional clinical nursing education with preceptor in schooling. Results: Clinical competence were significantly different between experimental and control groups(t=3.221, p=.002). Clinical competence in nurse is effected by satisfaction of clinical practice in schooling in experimental group(F=14.781, p=.000). Conclusion: 4-week consecutive clinical nursing education with preceptor has an effect on clinical competence in nurse. Therefore we should spread and reinforce the 4-week consecutive clinical nursing education program for improving clinical competence of nurse.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2015

In light of changes in today's medical environment, whether to dismantle the 50-year-old internship training system in the Republic of Korea is under debate. Although the question remains open, discussions on such issues have drawn attention to the quality of the clinical clerkship and student career advisory programs in medical colleges. The purpose of this study is to analyze the experiential clerkship and career exploration issues. Ensuring excellence of the clerkship and career advisory sessions is an essential responsibility of educational institutions regardless of whether the intern training system is dismantled. Important objectives of the experimental clerkship include reinforcing prerequisites established by law, introducing a student practice license, developing a standardized clinical assessment and student portfolio requirement, and publishing a guidebook for clinical directors. For career exploration, it is necessary to broaden participants' experiences of specialties and to manage the variety of student career guidance programs. It is imperative for the Korean Association of Medical Colleges, in collaboration with medical colleges, to play a leading role in focusing more attention and effort on such issues.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2013

의료조직 내에서의 커뮤니케이션 오류와 지연은 의료고객의 서비스 질 하락과 의료분쟁 등 심각한 문제를 야기 시키고 있다. 따라서, 최근 협업적 의료 커뮤니케이션 체계의 중요성이 크게 부각되고 있다. 의사, 환자/보호자, 간호사, 실험실들 간의 커뮤니케이션이 원활하게 이뤄질 때 고효율 저비용 서비스는 물론 궁극적으로 병원의 경영성과에도 도움이 된다. 이러한 동기에서 중소 및 대형병원에서 이 시스템 도입이 급증하는 추세이다. 본 논문에서는 유무선 기반의 협업적 의료커뮤니케이션(Clinical Collaborative Communication)시스템의 구현방법과 모델링을 통한 구현 연구 및 시스템 평가를 위해 S병원을 대상으로 계량적 평가를 수행하였다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.139-155
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify role through job analysis (duties and tasks) of nurses who work as clinical nurses with education and clinical nurse with patient coordination within the hospital. Methods: The DACUM committee was organized with 8 nurses each, clinical nurses with education and clinical nurses with coordination. The committee derived the duties and tasks of the two groups of clinical nurses from their actual work in the hospital through a DACUM workshop. Validity of the derived duties and tasks was tested by 12 nurses at each of 3 hospital. Results: For clinical nurse with education, 8 duties and 45 tasks were identified, which included patient education and consultation, patient advocacy, management of the therapeutic process, direct nursing care, activities work directed at improvement, management of health promotion events, administration work, and self-improvement. For clinical nurse with coordination, 10 duties and 54 tasks were identified, and included client consultation, client education, direct nursing care, coordination of therapeutic flow, employee education, public relations with the community, planning and operation of meetings, administration work, work directed at improvement, and self-improvement. Conclusion: The results of this study contribute to not only the work of the participants but also basic data for human resource management in the hospital.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2020

To analyze current status of CPX in colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine nationwide and investigate the operations required for its development and distribution, we investigate current status of CPX in the nationwide colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine and suggest an improvement plan. A total of 7 colleges (graduate schools) performed CPX using the standardized patients as of July 2020 out of 13 colleges (graduate schools). Because there are a significant number of CPX modules developed by the colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine, a wide array of characteristics of Traditional Korean Medicine are covered, based on the literatures of Traditional Korean medicine. The scope of Clinical Presentation should established and a CPX module should be standardized to expand and distribute CPX in the education of Traditional Korean Medicine. If multiple colleges collect, train and manage the standardized patients in cooperation, CPX could be performed more effectively. Furthermore, medical clinical performance guide for Traditional Korean Medicine should be developed in cooperation. Greater support in the form of manpower, finance, and administration are required to distribute CPX to all colleges and develop various CPX modules.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10643-10646
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• 2015

Background: To study the relationship between mammographic findings and clinical/pathologic features in women with 1-15mm sized invasive breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We investigated a consecutive series of 134 cases diagnosed in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital in 2007. Mammographic findings were classified into five groups as follows :1) stellate mass without calcification; 2) non-stellate mass without calcification; 3) intermediate suspicious calcification with or without associated mass; 4) higher probability malignant calcification with or without associated mass; 5) focal asymmetry/distortion without associated calcification. Associations between mammographic and clinical/pathological features (menopause status/family history/histologic grade/lymph node status and ER/PR/HER2 status) was analyzed through logistic regression and chi square tests. Results: Compared to the stellate mass without calcification group, higher probability malignant calcification patients were associated significantly with a positive lymph node status, always presenting in patients who were non-menopausal and with a family history of carcinoma. Conclusions: Higher probability malignant calcifications with or without associated tumor masses are associated with clinical/pathologic features of poor prognosis.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.6-14
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• 2018

In recent years, Korean medical schools have shown a growing interest in the longitudinal integrated clerkship (LIC) as a means of improving clinical education. Some overseas medical schools have tried the LIC since the 1970s. In the 1990s, several universities in the United States, Canada, and Australia introduced LICs. A variety of studies have confirmed positive results of the LIC. Traditional block-rotation is a discipline-based, inpatient-centered practice. Instead, under the LIC system, a medical student responsible for a panel of longitudinal patients observes developments of their diseases, serving several departments simultaneously. Overseas medical schools have different LIC models depending on their affiliate hospitals' sizes and characteristics. The purpose of this study is to introduce LIC practices in Harvard Medical School and University of California San Francisco, which could be applied by Korean medical schools. This paper also aims to find out the strategies that have been able to help the two US medical schools implement the LIC successfully.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Purpose : The establishment of clinical skills centers(CSCs) to facilitate the teaching and assessment of clinical skills is one of the more recent developments occurring in medical schools worldwide. The aim of this study is to review experiences of CSCs in other medical schools and learn how to design a CSC in our school. Methods : This study was undertaken in two steps. In the first step, educational activities of CSCs in 6 medical schools were reviewed. In the second step, a search for articles of journals regarding clinical skills education in CSCs was conducted. Results : The review of CSCs programs reveals variations among centers in teaching and assessment activities. However there are increasing trends of utilizing CSCs in teaching and learning in CSCs. The delivery of clinical skills is expanded by an increasing use of simulated patients and realistic simulators. Through an audio/video technology, availability of more detailed monitoring and feedback. CSCs also provide greater opportunity for assessment of communications skills, physical examination and practical procedures. Conclusions: CSCs contribute to the effectiveness in clinical teaching and assessment. Educational benefits of a CSC can be maximized by utilizing new delivery methods, implementing educational strategies and staff development programmes.