• Journal of International Society for Simulation Surgery
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.80-82
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• 2014

Purpose Microtia is congenital anomaly of external ear and the reconstruction method for the external ear of microtia patient was based on autogenous costal cartilage framework. The application of 3D printing technique in medical science has made more possibility of human tissue restoration, and we tried to apply this technique in auricular reconstruction field. Materials and Methods As for unilateral microtia patient, the contralateral side ear is normal and reconstructive surgeon tried to mimic it for reconstruction of affected ear. So, we obtained facial CT scan of microtia patient and made mirror image of normal side ear. Moreover, to make the 3D scaffold based on the mirror image of normal ear and to apply this scaffold for the auricular reconstruction surgery, we included auriculocephalic sulcus and anterior fixation part. Results We could successfully obtain mirror image of normal ear, auriculocephalic sulcus and anterior fixation part for 3D scaffold printing. Conclusions Using this CT image processing and 3D printing technique, we will be able to make the scaffold for auricular reconstruction of unilateral microtia patient, and perform auricular reconstruction in near future.

• Journal of International Society for Simulation Surgery
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.36-38
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• 2016

Fibrous dysplasia is a relatively rare disease but the management would be quite challenging. Because this is not a malignant tumor, the preservation of the facial contour and the various functions seems to be important in treatment planning. Until now the facial bone reconstruction with autogenous bone would be the standard. Although the autogenous bone would be the ideal one for facial bone reconstruction, donor site morbidity would be the inevitable problem in many cases. Meanwhile, various types of allogenic and alloplastic materials have been also used. However, facial bone reconstruction with many alloplastic material have produced no less complications including infection, exposure, and delayed wound healing. Because the 3D printing technique evolved so fast that 3D printed titanium implant were possible recently. The aim of this trial is to try to restore the original maxillary anatomy as possible using the 3D printing model, based on the mirrored three dimensional CT images based on the computer simulation. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) data were processed for the patient and a rapid prototyping (RP) model was produced. At the same time, the uninjured side was mirrored and superimposed onto the traumatized side, to create a mirror-image of the RP model. And we molded Titanium mesh to reconstruct three-dimensional maxillary structure during the operation. This prefabricated Titanium-mesh implant was then inserted onto the defected maxilla and fixed. Three dimensional printing technique of titanium material based on the computer simulation turned out to be successful in this patient. Individualized approach for each patient could be an ideal way to restore the facial bone.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2018

Nowadays, additive manufacturing (AM) technology is a promising process to fabricate complex shaped devices applied in medical and dental services. Among the AM processes, a DLP (digital light processing) type 3D printing process has some advantages, such as high precision, relatively low cost, etc. In this work, we propose a simple method to fabricate precise dental models using a DLP 3D printer. After 3D printing, a part is commonly post-cured using secondary UV-curing equipment for complete polymerization. However, some shrinkage occurs during the post-curing process, so we adaptively control the UV-exposure time on each layer for over- or under-curing to change the local shape-size of a part in the DLP process. From the results, the shrinkage amounts in the post-curing process vary due to the UV-dose in 3D printing. We believe that the proposed method can be utilized to fabricate dental models precisely, even with a change of the 3D CAD model.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.489-498
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• 2022

Spatial insight into intracranial pathology and structure is important for neurosurgeons to perform safe and successful surgeries. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in the medical field has made it possible to produce intuitive models that can help with spatial perception. Recent advances in 3D-printed disease models have removed barriers to entering the clinical field and medical market, such as precision and texture reality, speed of production, and cost. The 3D-printed disease model is now ready to be actively applied to daily clinical practice in neurosurgical planning, simulation, and training. In this review, the development of 3D-printed neurosurgical disease models and their application are summarized and discussed.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2020

Bone mineral density is a examination to measure the amount of bone in patients with metabolic bone disease. It is a low dose, but may cause unnecessary exposure to the gonads and other organs located in the periphery when examining the lumbar and proximal femurs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluated the exposure dose for each organ exposed during the bone mineral density through simulation, and analyzed the applicability of the subject to radiation shielding devices using 3D printing materials. As a result, the highest dose was shown at 11.47 uSv in the breast during lumbar examination and 8.98 uSv in the testis during proximal femur examination. Also, the farther away from the examination site, the lower the effect of the scattering-ray. The shielding effect of using 3D printing shielding device showed high results in proportion to the effective atomic number and specific gravity of the printing material. Among the printing materials, ABS + W showed an effect of at least 78.72 to 96.3 9% compared to the existing lead material.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.433-441
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• 2017

골 모델제작에 사용되는 3차원 프린팅 선택적 레이저 소결(selective laser sintering; SLS) 방식과 광 경화 조형(stereo lithography apparatus; SLA) 방식은 정밀도와 해상도는 좋으나 프린터가 고가이며 운용에 전문지식이 필요하고, 전산화단층 DICOM(digital imaging and communications in medicine)영상을 STL(stereolithography)로 변환하는 프로그램도 고가여서 3차원 프린팅 업체에서 모델을 제작하여 많은 시간과 비용이 소요되므로 일반적으로 골절수술에 사용하지 못하고 있다. 골절환자의 골 모델을 제작하려면 3차원 영상변환프로그램과 3차원 프린팅시스템의 사용이 편리하고 구입 및 운용비용이 저렴해야 하며 큰 골 모델제작이 가능하여야 수술에 사용할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 DICOM Viewer OsiriX와 와이어형태의 열가소성 재료를 사용하는 용융적층조형(Fused Deposition Modeling; FDM) 방식의 3차원 프린터를 이용하여 출력 크기에 제한이 없고 적은 비용으로 유지와 제작을 할 수 있도록 일반화하여 많은 병원에서 골절수술에 사용할 수 있도록 골절수술환자의 맞춤형 골 모델을 제작할 수 있는 3차원 프린팅 시스템을 개발하였으며 정형외과학의 교육, 연구, 진료의 전 분야에 걸쳐 광범위하게 응용될 것으로 예상되며, 대학병원뿐 아니라 일반병원에서도 편리하게 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.278-281
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• 2022

The face is one of the most important parts of the body. Untreated facial fractures can result in deformities that can be harmful to patients. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a rapidly evolving technology that has recently been widely applied in the medical field as it can potentially improve patient treatment. Although 3D printing technology is mostly used for craniofacial surgery, some studies have proved that it can be used to treat nasoethmoid orbital fractures. In this study, a patient-customized plate was constructed using a 3D printer and applied in a simulated surgery for the treatment of nasoethmoid orbital fracture.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.909-917
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• 2018

3D 프린팅 기술은 4차산업 혁명 중 제조업의 혁신적인 기술로서 전망되고 있으며, 현재 바이오 의료 분야를 포함한 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 3D 프린팅 기술을 이용한 제작 원료에 대한 방사선 차폐능을 평가하고자 몬테카를로 전산모사를 통해 프린팅 원료에 대한 검증을 수행하였다. 현재 범용으로 사용되는 FDM 방식의 3D 프린터에서 이용 가능한 원료들을 대상으로 하였으며, ICRU phan tom과 차폐체를 모의 모사한 후 방사선의 종류 및 에너지에 따른 입자 플루언스 평가를 통해 차폐 효과에 대해 분석하였다. 그 결과, 광자선의 경우 에너지 증가에 따라 차폐 효과는 점차 감소되는 경향을 보였고, 원료별 차폐 효과는 TPU, PLA, PVA, Nylon, ABS 순서로 점차적으로 낮아지는 결과를 나타냈다. 중성자선의 경우, 5~10 mm의 낮은 두께에서 반대로 선속이 증가되는 현상을 보였으나, 일정 두께 이상에서는 유효한 차폐 효과를 나타내었으며, 프린팅 원료별 차폐 효과는 Nylon, PVA, ABS, PLA, TPU 순서로 점차 낮아지는 결과를 보였다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was investigating the effect of 3D printing technology that changes the speed of sound (SOS) and the broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) by controlling the density of the media phantom. We used 3D printers which called additive manufacturing (AM) by using material with polylactic acid (PLA). The inside of the medium phantom was filled crossly with 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% of the material. The ultrasonic instrument measured the SOS and the BUA using a 0.55 MHz ultrasound output in opposing mode with a pair of transducers. As a result, the density of the medium phantoms with the SOS showed very high correlation (r = 0.944), but the SOS showed very low correlation (r = 0.500). It is expecting that the manufacturing and measurement method of the medium phantom using 3D printing technology will be used as basic data for ultrasonic bone mineral density.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.909-916
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• 2019

구강 및 두경부 암의 방사선치료 시 치료 범위에 피부를 포함하는 경우가 많으며 이때 볼루스의 사용이 빈번해진다. 특히 턱 부분의 요철로 인하여 환자의 적용 시 선량 불확실성을 제공한다. 본 연구에서는 3D Printing을 이용하여 Gel 볼루스와 Poly lactic acid(PLA), Silicon을 적용한 환자 맞춤형 볼루스를 제작하여 물성 특성을 확인하고, 제작된 볼루스와 치료계획의 불일치성을 확인하며, 실제 방사선 선량 전달시 발생하는 선량불확실성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 일반적인 요철 부위에는 PLA 재질의 볼루스가 안정적이며, 요철이 심하거나 환자의 체형이 자주 바뀔 수 있는 환자의 경우 Silicon 재질의 볼루스가 유용할 것으로 사료된다.