• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

Organic farming has rapidly increased in Gangwon province, but there is a concern about nutrient accumulation and nutrient imbalance in the soil of organic farming. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of continuous application of organic amendments on growth and yield of red pepper and soil characteristics compared with chemical fertilizers application for four years. Treatments of organic amendments including oil cake, rice straw compost, amino acid compost, rice bran compost, and mushroom media (spent substrate) compost resulted in comparable growth and yield of pepper to chemical fertilizers. Organic amendments improved soil physical and chemical characteristics. Especially, rice bran compost and oil cake significantly increased soil organic matter compared with chemical fertilizer application and mushroom media compost and rice straw compost significantly improved soil aggregate stability. On the other hand, available phosphate level in the soil amended with rice bran compost or mushroom media compost was relatively high compared with the other treatments due to relatively high phosphate levels in the composts. It is not easy to adjust nutrient composition in the organic materials. Therefore, the results obtained from the study imply that nutrient imbalance needs to be carefully considered in organic farming without use of chemical fertilizers.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2003

Since the 1960s in Korea, major broadcasting channels broadcasted farm television programs, however, airing of these programs were reduced in the 1990s. This was due to the declining number of farmers, and the low popularity rating of farm television programs. To cope with the situation, agriculture businessmen, farmers, and the officials concerned tried to acquire the independent farming television channel in cable television and satellite television, In 1998, one cable television channel started broadcasting, while another channel in satellite television began its broadcasting in 2001. One of the major concerns of the people in the broadcasting was actualization of the public interests in the new media multi-channel age. Recognizing this point, the study explored a few areas of concern such as conceptualizations of the public interest of the people in the digital age, examination of the surroundings of program production and marketing, and survey the media use behavior of target audience - rural residents; In the concept of the public interest, there are two points of view; market focused and democratic principle oriented. As the digitalization of broadcast advances and the logic of economics prevails, it is difficult to offer the public broadcasting service to farmers, however, democratic principles should be more emphasized. The rural resident prefer major terrestrial television channel to cable television and satellite television channel, and in media use behavior, the medium of major terrestrial television would be more useful for farm broadcasting.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2015

Video Content owners seek to squeeze the maximum amount of revenue from their assets via distribution into more territories. Digital Cinema Package(DCP), trusted solution to distribute protected content to theaters, caters to relatively small user base, which limits revenue. With the growth of the Internet & other digital media, the economics of media content has changed dramatically. Security remains main concern to deliver content to millions of consumers using intelligent digital display devices like Tablets, Smartphones, Smart TVs, Desktop & Laptop. By making the video content available to this segment securely, content owners will benefit from increased revenue. Through this paper we propose Open Source HomeDCP model to distribute the content to home users for offline viewing. We propose to include other open source CODEC than JPEG2000/MPEG2, which are specifically designed for theatrical performance. Final image size will be further reduced considering the display device resolution where video will be finally played. Key Delivery Message(KDM) system to be altered to suit new devices. This will be a big boost to Content Economy as content owners would be able to distribute the content securely to the wider audience & ensure more revenue.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.305-316
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• 2021

The objective is to recognize the better opportunities from targeted reveal advertising, to show a banner ad to the consumer of online who is most expected to obtain a preferred action like signing up for a newsletter or buying a product. Discovering the most excellent commercial impression, it means the chance to exhibit an advertisement to a consumer needs the capability to calculate the probability that the consumer who perceives the advertisement on the users browser will acquire an accomplishment, that is the consumer will convert. On the other hand, conversion possibility assessment is a demanding process since there is tremendous data growth across different information dimensions and the adaptation event occurs infrequently. Retailers and manufacturers extensively employ the retail services from internet as part of a multichannel distribution and promotion strategy. The rate at which web site visitors transfer to consumers is low for online retail, out coming in high customer acquisition expenses. Approximately 96 percent of web site users concluded exclusive of no shopper purchase[1].This category of conversion rate is collected from the advertising of social media sites and pages that dataset must be estimating and assessing with the concept of big data clustering, which is used to group the particular age group of people along with their behavior. This makes to identify the proper consumer of the production which leads to improve the profitability of the concern.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2023

In the developing country like India, groundwater is the main sources for household, irrigation and industrial use. Its contamination poses hydro-geological and environmental concern. The hazardous waste sites such as landfills can lead to contamination of ground water. The contaminants existing at such sites can eventually find ingress down through the soil and into the groundwater in case of leakage. It is necessary to understand the process of migration of pollutants through sub-surface porous medium for avoiding health risks. On this backdrop, the present paper investigates the behavior of pollutants' migration through porous media. The laboratory experiments were carried out on a soil-column model that represents porous media. Two different types of soils (standard sand and red soil) were considered as the media. Further, two different solutes, i.e., non-reactive and reactive, were used. The experimental results are simulated through numerical modeling. The percentage variation in the experimental and numerical results is found to be in the range of 0.75- 11.23 % and 0.84 - 1.26% in case of standard sand and red soil, respectively. While a close agreement is observed in most of the breakthrough curves obtained experimentally and numerically, good agreement is seen in either result in one case.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.531-541
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• 2018

본 연구는 소비자들의 농협보험에 대한 이미지 이미지를 분석하기 위해 텍스트 마이닝과 텍스트 네트워크 분석을 실시하였다. 최근 소셜미디어의 발달로 많은 텍스트가 생산 및 재생산되고 있으며, 텍스트는 기업에게 중요한 정보들을 제공한다. 이러한 정보의 의미를 도출하기 위해, 텍스트 마이닝과 텍스트 네트워크 분석을 많은 연구에서 실시하고 있다. 텍스트 분석결과, 농협보험의 긍정적 이미지는 주로 안전과 안정으로 나타났다. 농협보험의 부정적 이미지로는 우려와 불안으로 나타났다. 텍스트 네트워크 분석을 통해 도출한 농협보험의 이미지는 안전과 우려를 중심으로 형성되었다. 텍스트 네트워크 분석을 통해 도출된 결과를 인터뷰를 통해 확인하였다. 인터뷰 결과, 농협은 자산규모 등을 통해 안정적인 재무와 보험금 지급은 안전함이 긍정적 이미지의 주요한 요인이었다. 부정적 이미지로는 최근의 정보유출 사태로 인해 소비자들의 개인정보유출에 대한 우려가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 분석을 통해 타 상품의 이미지 분석도 사용가능할 것이다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.548-555
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• 2018

Objectives: We conducted ecological risk assessment for cadmium, a heavy metal and carcinogen, to identify safety standards by environmental media and to determine its impact on ecosystems by estimating and evaluating exposure levels. Methods: Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were generated using ECOTOX DB. A hazardous concentration of 5% (HC5) protective of most species (95%) in the environment was estimated. Using this estimate, predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) were calculated for aquatic organisms. Based on the calculated PNECs for aquatic organisms, PNEC values for soil and sediment were calculated using the partition coefficient. Predicted exposure concentrations (PECs) were also calculated from environmental monitoring data with hazard quotients (HQs) calculated using PNECs for environmental media. Results: Chronic toxicity data were categorized into four groups and 11 species. In species sensitivity distribution (SSD) analysis, HC5 was $0.340{\mu}g/L$. Based on this value, the PNEC value for aquatic organisms was calculated as $0.113{\mu}g/L$. PNEC values for soil and sediments using a partition coefficient were calculated as 15.02 mg/kg and 90.61 mg/kg, respectively. In an analysis of environmental monitoring data, PEC values were calculated as $0.017{\mu}g/L$ for water, 1.01 mg/kg for soil, and 0.521 mg/kg for sediment. Conclusions: HQs were 0.150, 0.067 and 0.006 for water, soil and sediment, respectively. HQs of secondary toxicity were 0.365 for birds and 0.024 for mammals. In principle, it is judged that an HQ above 1 indicates a high level of risk concern while an HQ less than 1 indicates an extremely low level of risk concern. Therefore, with HQs of cadmium in the environment being <1, its risk levels can be considered low for each media.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.3-50
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• 1984

The levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of housewives considerably effect to the health of households, communities and the nation. This study was designed to grasp the levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of houswives and analyse the various factors effecting to health in order to provide health education services as well as materials for effective formulation and implementation of health policy to improve the health of the nation. This study has been conducted through interviews by trained surveyers for 4,281 housewives selected from 4,500 households throughout the country for 40 days during July 11-August 20, 1983. The results of survey were analysed by stepwise multiple regression and path analysis are summarized as follows; 1. Based on the measurement instrument applied to this study, the levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of housewives were extremely low with 54.5 points out of 100 points in full. Higher level with 72 points and above was approximately 21 percent and lower level with 39 points and below was approx. 24 percent. The middle level was approx. 55 percent. In order to implement health programs successively, health education should be more strengthened and to improve the level of health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the nation, political consideration as a part of spiritual reformation must be concentrated on health. 2. The level of health knowledge indicated the highest points with 57.3 the level of attitude was the second with 55.0 points and the practice level was the lowest with 50.0 point. Therefore, planning and implementation of health education program must be based on the persuasion and motivation that health knowledge turn into practice. 3. Housewives who had higher level of health knowledge, showed their practice level was relatively lower and those who had middle or low level of it practice level was the reverse. 4. Correlations among health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) were generally higher and statistically significant at 0.1 percent level. Correlation between total health KAP level and health knowledge was the highest with r=.8092. 5. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to the age, number of children, marital status, self-assessed health status and concern on health of the housewives interviewed (p<0.001) 6. Health KAP levels also showed significant differences according to the education level, economic status, employment before marriage and grown-up area of the housewives interviewed. (p<0.001) 7. Heath KAP levels showed significant differences according to health insurance benificiary and the existence of patients in the family. (p<0.001). 8. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to distance to government organizations, schools, distance to health facilities, telephone possession rate, television possession rate, newspaper reading rate and activities of Ban meeting and Women's club. (p<0.001) 9. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to electric mass communication media such as television, radio and village broadcasting etc. and printed media such as newspaper, magazine and booklets etc., IEC variables such as individual consultation and husband-wife communication, however, there was no significance with group training. 10. Health KAP of the housewives showed close correlation with personal characteristics variables, i.e., education level (r=.5302), age (r=-.3694) grown-up area (r=.3357) and employment before marriage. In general, correlation of health knowledge level was higher than the levels of attitude or practice. In case of health concern and health insurance, correlation of practice level was higher than health knowledge level. 11. Health KAP levels showed higher correlation with community environmental characteristics, Ban meeting and activity of Women's club, however, no correlation with New-village movement. 12. Among IEC variables, husband-wife communication showed the highest correlation with health KAP levels and printed media, electric mas communication media and health consultation in order. Therefore, encouragement of husband-wife communication and development of training program for men should be included in health education program. 13. Mass media such as electric mass com. and printed media were effective for knowledge transmission and husband-wife communication and individual consultation were effective for health practice. Group training was significant for knowledge transmission, however, but not significant for attitude formation or turning to health practice. To improve health KAP levels, health knowledge should be transmitted via mass media and health consultation with health professionals and field health workers should be strengthened. 14. Correlation of health KAP levels showed that knowledge level was generally higher than that of practice and recognized that knowledge was not linked with attitude or practice. 15. The twenty-five variables effecting health KAP levels of housewives had 41 per cent explanation variances among which education level had great contribution (β=.2309) and electric mass com. media (β=.1778), husband-wife communication (β=.1482), printed media, grown-up area, and distance to government organizations in order. Variances explained (R²) of health KAP were 31%, 15%, and 30% respectively. 16. Principal variables contributed to health KAP were education level (β=.12320, β=.1465), electric mass comm. media (β=.1762, β=.1839), printed media, (β=.1383, β=.1420) husband-wife communication (β=.1004, β=.1067), grown-up area and distance to government organizations, in order. Since education level contributes greatly to health KAP of the housewives, health education including curriculum development in primary, middle and high schools must be emphasized and health science must be selected as one of the basic liberal arts subject in universities. 17. Variences explained of IEC variables to health KAP were 19% in total, 14% in knowledge, 9% in attitude, and 10% in health practice. Contributions of IEC variables to health KAP levels were printed media (β=.3882), electric mass comm media (β=.3165), husb-band wife com. (β=.2095,) and consultation on health (β=.0841) in order, however, group training showed negative effect (β=-.0402). National fund must be invested for the development of Health Program through mass media such as TV and radio etc. and for printed materials such as newspaper, magazines, phamplet etc. needed for transmission of health knowledge. 18. Variables contributed to health KAP levels through IEC variables with indirect effects were education level (Ind E=0.0410), health concern (Ind E=.0161), newspaper reading rate (Ind E=.0137), TV possession rate and activity of Ban meeting in order, however, health facility showed negative effect (Ind E=-.0232) and other variables showed direct effect but not indirect effect. 19. Among the variables effecting health KAP level, education level showed the highest in total effect (TE=.2693) then IEC (TE=.1972), grown-up city (TE=.1237), newspaper reading rate (TE=.1020), distance to government organization (TE=.095) in order. 20. Variables indicating indirect effects to health KAP levels were; at knowledge level with R²=30%, education level (Ind E=.0344), newspaper reading rate (Ind E=.0112), TV possession rate (Ind E=.0689), activity of Ban meeting (Ind E=.0079) in order and at attitude level with R²=13%, education level (Ind E=. 0338), activity of Ban meeting (Ind E=.0079), and at practice level with R²=29%. education level (Ind E=.0268), health facility (Ind E=.0830) and concern on health (Ind E=.0105). 21. Total effect to health KAP levels and IEC by variable characteristics, personal characteristics variables indicated larger than community characteristics variables. 22. Multiple Correlation Coefficient (MCC) expressed by the Personal Characteristic Variable was .5049 and explained approximately 25% of variances. MCC expressed by total Community environment variable was .4283 and explained approx. 18% of variances. MCC expressed by IEC Variables was .4380 and explained approx. 19% of variances. The most important variable effected to health KAP levels was personal characteristic and then IEC variable, Community Environment variable in order. When the IEC effected with personal characteristic or community characteristic, the MCC or the variances were relatively higher than effecting alone. Therefore it was identified that the IEC was one of the important intermediate variable.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.711-720
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• 2020

This research aims to analyze the factors affecting the acceptance of social commerce, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social support, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, habitability, price saving orientation, and privacy concerns using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2). UTAUT2 has been examined and modified in various contexts. The research model studies the acceptance and use of technology in the context of customers. This study adopts a quantitative method using the partial least squares regression (PLS) approach involving 244 respondents. The respondents are users of social commerce in Indonesia. The result of this research indicates that social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, habit, price value orientation, and privacy concerns have a significant effect on behavioral intention. On the other hand, performance expectancy and effort expectancy does not affect behavioral intention. Furthermore, price value has a significant effect on social commerce user behavior. Lastly, facilitating conditions and habits does not affect social commerce user behavior. This research contributes to the development of theory by examining an additional variable, which is privacy concern. This study is significant since social media and social commerce have grown exponentially nowadays. Implications of the results for the development of the theory (UTAUT2) and practice are discussed in the article.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.549-561
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• 2012

This study investigates the effects of sociocultural influences and body image on appearance enhancement behaviors (facial management, clothing selection, and weight/figure management). For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated to 562 female college students in Gwangju City, Chonnam area and Chonbuk area, Korea, from May 23 to June 10, 2011. To analyze the data, a SPSS 18.0 statistics package was used, and descriptive statistical analysis, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were conducted. The results were as follows. First, sociocultural influences were divided into three factors: parental influence, media influence, and peer influence. Overall sociocultural influences had positive effects on appearance enhancement behavior. Second, body image was divided into two factors: weight-concern and appearance-concern. Sociocultural influences had significant effects on overall body image. Third, body image appeared to have positive effects on overall appearance enhancement behavior.