• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1192-1202
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• 1994

Fatigue behavior and life prediction were presented for thermal-mechanical and isothermal low cycle fatigue of 12Cr forged steel used for high temperature applications. In-phase and out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue test at 350 to 600.deg. C and isothermal low cycle fatigue test at 600.deg. C were conducted using smooth cylindrical hollow specimen under strain-control with total strain ranges from 0.006 to 0.015. Cyclic softening behavior was observed regardless of thermal-mechanical and isothermal fatigue tests. The phase difference between temperature and strain in thermal-mechanical fatigue resulted in significantly shorter fatigue life for out-of-phase than for in-phase. The difference in fatigue lives was dependent upon the magnitudes of inelastic strain ranges and mean stresses. Increase in inelastic strain range showed a tendency of intergranular cracking and decrease in fatigue life, especially for out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue. Thermal-mechanical fatigue life prediction was made by partitioning the strain ranges of the hysteresis loops and the results of isothermal low cycle fatigue tests which were performed under the combination of slow and fast strain rates. Predicted fatigue lives for out-of-phase using the strain range partitioning method showed an excellent agreement with the actual out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue lives within a factor of 1.5. Conventional strain range partitioning method exhibited a poor accuracy in the prediction of in-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue lives, which was quite improved conservatively by a proposed strain range partitioning method.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.2133-2141
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• 1995

The thermo-mechanical fatigue tests were performed on the specimens extracted from 1.5Cr-0. 67Mo-0.33V alloy. The characteristics of thermo-mechanical fatigue crack propagation were examined and reviewed in view of fracture mechanics. The results obtained from the present study are summarized as follows : (1) The propagation characteristics of isothermal low-cycle fatigue crack are dominated by .DELTA.J$_{f}$ in case of PP waveform, and .DELTA.J$_{c}$ in case of CP waveform. (II)The propagation characteristics of thermo-mechanical fatigue crack are dominated by .DELTA.J$_{c}$ for in-phase case, and by .DELTA.J$_{c}$ for out-of-phase. The present results were in good agreement with the equation of propagation law for isothermal low-cycle fatigue crack in case of thermo-mechanical fatigue.tigue.e.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1995

Isothermal and thermal-mechanical fatigue characteristics of 12Cr heat resisting steel used for high temperature applications were investigated including hold time effects. Isothermal low cycle fatigue test at $600^{\circ}C$ and in-phase, out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue test at 350 to $600^{\circ}C$ were conducted using smooth cylindrical hollow specimen under strain-control with total strain ranges from 0.006 to 0.015. Regardless of thermal-mechanical and isothermal fatigue tests, cyclic softening behavior was observed and much more pronounced in the thermal-mechanical fatigue tests with hold times due to the stress relaxation during the hold time. The phase difference between temperature and strain in thermal-mechanical fatigue tests resulted in significantly shorter fatigue life for out-of-phase compared to in-phase. The differences in fatigue lives were dependent upon the magnitudes of plastic strain ranges and mean stresses. During the hold time in the strain-controlled fatigue tests, the increase in the plastic strain range and the stress relaxation were observed. It appeared that the increase in plastic strain range per cycle and the introduction of creep damage made important contributions to the reduction of thermal-mechanical fatigue life with hold time, and the life reduction tendency was more remarkable in the in-phase than in the out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue. Isothermal fatigue tests performed under the combination of fast and slow strain rates at $600^{\circ}C$ showed that the fatigue life decreased as the strain rate and frequency decreased,especially for the low strain ranges.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.114-125
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• 1994

Fatigue behavior and life prediction method were presented for themal-mechanical and isothermal low cycle fatigue of 12 Cr forged steel used for high temperature applications. In-phase and out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue test from 350 .deg. C to 600 .deg. C and isothermal low cycle fatigue test at 600 .deg. C, 475 .deg. C, 350 .deg. C were conducted using smooth cylindrical hollow specimen under strain-control with total strain ranges from 0.006 to 0.015. The phase difference between temperature and strain in thermal-mechanical fatigue resulted in significantly shorter fatigue life for out-of-phase than for in-phase. Thermal-mechanical fatigue life predication was made by partitioning the strain ranges of the hysteresis loops and the results of isothermal low cycle fatigue tests which were performed under the combination of slow and fast strain rates. Predicted fatigue lives for out-of-phase using the strain range partitioning method showed an excellent agreement with the actual out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue lives within a factor of 1.5. Conventional strain range partitioning method exhibited a poor accuracy in the prediction of in-phase range partitioning method in a conservative way. By the way life prediction of thermal-mechanical fatigue by Taira's equivalent temperature method and spanning fartor method showed good agreement within out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.589-593
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• 2015

The demand of high cycle fatigue behavior on plate material is increasing because of its various applications. However, the high-cycle fatigue life data of the plate material is very rare compared to the rod material. Thus, in this study, a plate specimen is designed for the ultrasonic fatigue test because it is time efficient as compared to the conventional fatigue test. To apply the ultrasonic fatigue test, the specimen design is required to resonate at 20 kHz. Therefore, the dynamic elastic modulus was determined by measuring the resonance frequency with a piezoelectric element and laser doppler vibrometer (LDV). As a result, the plate specimen is designed and demonstrated using the ultrasonic fatigue testing machine. The ultrasonic fatigue test results were compared with the hydraulic fatigue test results.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1393-1404
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• 2005

Fatigue crack growth and life have been estimated based on established empirical equations. In this paper, an alternative method using artificial neural network (ANN) -based model developed to predict fatigue damages simultaneously. To learn and generalize the ANN, fatigue crack growth rate and life data were built up using in-plane bending fatigue test results. Single fracture mechanical parameter or nondestructive parameter can't predict fatigue damage accurately but multiple fracture mechanical parameters or nondestructive parameters can. Existing fatigue damage modeling used this merit but limited real-time damage monitoring. Therefore, this study shows fatigue damage model using backpropagation neural networks on the basis of X -ray half breadth ratio B / $B_o$, fractal dimension $D_f$ and fracture mechanical parameters can estimate fatigue crack growth rate da/ dN and cycle ratio N / $N_f$ at the same time within engineering limit error ($5\%$).

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.1109-1116
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• 2002

To investigate the effect of nitriding layer on both fatigue crack initiation and fatigue life, turbine rotor steel ( IC.- 1Mo-0.25V steel) specimens were nitrided by the nitemper method and then put to a rotary bending fatigue test at room and elevated temperatures. In nitriding, temperature and time were controlled to obtain a different nitrided thickness. Microstructure analysis, micro-Victors hardness test, and scanning electron microscope observation were carried out for evaluating experiments. In results, the fatigue cracks of nitrided specimens were initiated at inclusion near the interface between nitrided layer and substrate, which showed fish-eye type appearance in fractograph. The fatigue life of nitrided specimens at every temperature was prolonged compared to that of the non-nitrided. However, there was not observable improvement in fatigue characteristics with the increase of a nitrided thickness.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.647-653
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• 2003

An important class of short-fiber reinforced composites is the sheet molding compound, which is recently developed and currently used in many engineering applications. Fatigue failure of the composites is a subject of major concern in design and cyclic crack propagation is of particular significance in the fatigue life prediction of short fiber composites. However, research on the fatigue behavior of polymer injection weld, especially short glass fiber-filled polymer injection weld, has not been carried out. In this study the analyses of the fatigue crack growth behaviors at weld line and in the bulk are performed based on low cycle fatigue test.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.1113-1119
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• 2003

Experimental and numerical analyses were performed to characterize the fatigue behavior of spot welded joints in suspension mounting of a passenger car body. Static and fatigue tests were carried out for the tensile-shear and cross-tension specimens. S-N curve and fatigue strengths were obtained from the fatigue test of various specimens. Nonlinear finite element analysis showed that fatigue behavior of spot welded joints could be well estimated in terms of Von Mises stress at the nugget edge. Fatigue behavior of spot welded joint was represented by Von Mises stress better than the fatigue load.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.58-67
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• 2020

In this study, finite element fatigue analysis combined with a fatigue correlation factor is proposed to predict the bending fatigue life of a gear in an electro-mechanical aircraft actuator. First, stress-life curves are obtained for the gear material via a round bar fatigue test. Subsequently, stochastic stress-life (P-S-N) curves are derived for 50% and 1% failure probabilities, separately. The curves are applied to the fatigue analysis model of a single gear tooth, and the effect of the fatigue correction factor is analyzed. The analytical P-S-N curves reflecting the fatigue correction factor matched the experimental data. This shows that the analytical fatigue life is reliable and that the analysis technique is effective.