• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.245-251
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• 1994

We considered that characteristics of SO$_2$, concentration level and relations of the meteorological parameters and high pollution concentration from the data measured 7 air quality continuous monitoring stations during 4 years, from 1990 to 1993 in Pusan. The SO$_2$ concentration level showed decreasing trend yearly, it was maximum in Winter, minimum in Summer. The time of SO$_2$ peak concentration lagged from seashore to land because of break-down of the nocturnal inversion layer and seabreeze. Ihe correlations of daily SO$_2$, value between various air quality continuous monitoring stations were highest between Beomcheondong and Meongryundong, lowest between Daeyeondong and Sinpyeongdong because of difference of air Pollution emission sources characteristic. The meteorological parameters affecting SO$_2$ concentration level were minimum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and air pressure. The SO$_2$ high pollution($\geq$95ppb) occurred almost in Winter, particulaly in such day showing lower wind speed and higher air pressure. Elementary SO$_2$ high Pollution Predictor were high pressure system and stability of lower atmosphere.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2019

The temperature distribution and lifetime of molds were predicted by computer simulation analysis with various spraying and blowing process of high pressure die casting. After varying the spraying angle and time, the mold temperature, heat exchange and mold life were predicted. As the spraying angle increases, the maximum temperature of the mold decreases, which is because the spraying area increases and the heat exchange with the mold increases. Heat exchange occurs more actively in the blowing process than in the spraying process. This is because the cooling is not performed due to the steam generation. When the spraying angle is 50 degree, the minimum life of the mold is analyzed 200 times. After adjusting the blowing time from 5s to 3s, the minimum lifetime of the mold has been increased almost twice.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2009

In this paper, the hydrodynamic pressure and minimum oil film thickness of a pin bush bearing for a connecting rod have been analyzed as functions of the number of oil grooves and an arc length of oil grooves. The lubrication characteristic of a pin bush is governed by oil groove design factors, which are considered in this study. The most influential design parameter is a number of oil grooves, which is three oil grooves with an arc length of oil groove, 1/6($60^{\circ}$). This means that oil groove with a long arc length of a pin bush does not contribute to the hydrodynamic pressure development. Thus the optimal design of a pin bush is necessary with an increased number of oil grooves and a reduced arc length.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2014

This paper proposes a control scheme to reduce the power consumption of a variable displacement swash-plate type piston pump supplying oil to a valve-controlled hydraulic cylinder at constant pressure. Whenever flow rate demand was absent, the swash plate angle and the pump speed were changed to the minimum values required to compensate for the internal leakage flow. In response to command signals, the pump speed was changed in proportion to the absolute mean value of the speed component for position commands. At the same time, a pressure regulator was activated to maintain constant system pressure by precisely adjusting the pump speed with the swash plate angle fixed at the maximum. The conventional system consisting of a pressure-compensated variable displacement type pump is driven at a constant speed of 1,800rpm. By comparison, computer simulation and experimental results showed that idling power at stand-by status could be reduced by up to 70% by reducing the pump speed from 1,800rpm to 300rpm and the swash plate angle to the minimum.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.475-478
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• 1995

The variations of cold gas properties such as density, pressure, temperature and velocity which are dependent each other are closely related with the dielectric recovery of an interrupter. So, the pressure-rises at no-load in the puffer cylinder and in front of fixed arcing contact of 800kV model interrupter were measured experimentally using pressure transducers of strain gage type and semiconducting type, respectively. The maximum value of pressure-rise in the puffer cylinder increased almost linearly from 7.6 bar at the minimum operated pressure to 9.7 bar at the maximum operated pressure, while the pressure-rise in front of fixed arcing contact was independent with the operated pressure. The measured values will be utilized in verifying the self-developed cold flow analysis program and as an input of commercialized CFD program package.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

Mg-Al합금 분진의 마그네슘 성분 비율이 분진폭발특성에 미치는 영향을 알기 위하여 Siwek 20 L 구형 분진폭발시험장치를 사용하여 농도를 변화시키면서 실험적으로 조사하였다. 이를 위하여 체적평균입경이 $151{\sim}160{\mu}m$의 Mg-Al합금 분진을 사용하였다. 그 결과 Mg-Al합금에서의 Mg성분의 증가는 폭발하한농도의 감소와 최대폭발압력의 증가로 나타났다. 또한 Mg-Al합금의 최대폭발압력과 최대폭발압력상승속도는 주로 분진 농도에 의존하였다. 그러나 Mg-Al (40:60 wt%), Mg-Al (50:50 wt%) 및 Mg-Al (60:40 wt%)의 폭발지수(Kst)에 있어서, 마그네슘 성분의 증가에 따라서 폭발지수가 증가함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.3-6
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• 2002

In this study, we investigate the atmospheric environment changes in the aspect of optical remote sensing using surface observation data from 1971 to 2000 of Korea Meteorological Administration. Visibility, spatially averaged over Korean peninsula, is systematically reduced from about 28km to 18km during the last 30 years. It means that atmospheric conditions for the optical remote sensing over Korean peninsula are growing worse and worse due to the degradation of air quality. The 30-year average of cloud amount shows a strong seasonal variation, maximum(75%) in summer and minimum (35%) in autumn. Precipitation also shows a very similar variation pattern with cloud. The temperature and sea level pressure show a opposite seasonal change pattern, maximum(minimum in SLP) in summer and minimum(maximum in SLP) in winter, respectively. Relative humidiy(RH) is one of the variables mostly affected by urbanization or urban heat island. As a results, annual mean RH is decreased from 73% to 68% during last 30 years. When we take into account the favorable and unfavorable factors all together, summer and autumn are the worst and the best season for optical remote sensing in Korea.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2020

This study was conducted in order to determine how reductions in blood pressure during surgery affect intraoperative neuromonitoring. This retrospective study considered a total of 339 patients: 194 patients with normal neuromonitoring findings (57%), 145 (42%) with abnormal neuromonitoring findings, and 34 (10%) with postoperative neurological deficits. Comparisons between the three groups revealed that overall blood pressure during surgery, postoperative blood pressure, and the difference between the maximum and minimum blood pressure could affect the intraoperative neuromonitoring findings. While we indicate that a drop in blood pressure to below 70 mmHg could affect neuromonitoring results, differences in the dosage of anesthetic agents did not significantly affect reductions in blood pressure or neuromonitoring findings. The association of monitoring with blood pressure found in this study is expected to help future examiners. However, this study did not clarify the relationship between anesthesia and blood pressure and how it could affect intraoperative neuromonitoring. Therefore, further research on this part is thought to be necessary.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1003-1022
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 Shield TBM 터널굴착이 기 시공된 단독말뚝의 하부를 근접하여 통과할 경우 터널 막장압에 따른 말뚝의 공학적 거동을 파악하기 위해 3차원 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 이때 터널 막장압의 크기를 터널굴착 이전 springline 위치에서 수평토압의 25~100%로 변화시키면서 그 영향을 고찰하였다. 수치해석에서는 막장압의 변화에 따른 터널굴착으로 유발된 말뚝의 침하, 축력 및 전단응력을 고려하였다. 말뚝의 두부침하는 막장압의 크기를 가장 크게 적용한 조건이 막장압의 크기를 가장 작게 적용한 조건에 비해 약 44% 감소하여 발생하였다. 말뚝의 최대축력은 막장압의 크기를 가장 작게 적용한 조건에서 가장 크게 나타났으며, 이는 막장압의 크기를 가장 크게 고려한 조건에 대비하여 약 21% 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 터널굴착으로 인한 말뚝의 거동은 막장압의 변화에 따른 지반침하의 영향을 크게 받는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 막장압의 크기에 따른 말뚝 및 지반의 거동을 등고선을 이용하여 재분석하였다. 또한 모든 막장압 조건에 대하여 말뚝의 겉보기안전율이 1.0 이하로 산정되어 터널굴착이 인접말뚝에 유해한 영향을 끼치는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 말뚝의 거동에 영향을 미치는 주요인자를 막장압의 변화에 따라 심도 있게 고찰하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2023

With the recent increase in gas energy use, risk management for explosion accidents has been emphasized. Protective walls can be used to reduce damage from explosions. The KOSHA GUIDE D-65-2018 suggests the minimum thickness and height of protective walls, minimum reinforcement diameter, and maximum spacing of reinforcements for the structural safety of the protective walls. However, no related evidence has been presented. In this study, the blast load carrying capacity of the protective wall was analyzed by the pressure-impulse diagrams while changing the yield strength of the reinforcement, concrete compressive strength, reinforcement ratio, protective wall height, and thickness, to check the adequacy of the KOSHA GUIDE. Results show that failure may occur even with design based on the criteria presented by KOSHA GUIDE. In order to achieve structural safety of protective walls, additional criteria for minimum reinforcement yield strength and maximum height of protective wall are suggested for inclusion in KOSHA GUIDE. Moreover, the existing value for minimum reinforcement ratio and the thickness of the protective wall should be increased.