• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.50-63
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 외식전공 대학생들의 생물학적 성과 성역할 정체감 유형에 따른 진로태도성숙도의 차이를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 경기도, 대전, 대구광역시에 소재한 2년제 전문대학 4개교에서 외식관련 분야를 전공하는 300명의 표본을 추출하였고 34부의 설문지를 제외한 총 266부의 설문지를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진로태도성숙 수준은 외식관련 여성전공자 보다 남성 전공자가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 진로태도성숙 수준은 양성성 유형의 외식관련 전공자의 성숙도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으며 다음으로 남성성, 여성성, 미분화의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 외식관련 남성 전공자 중 양성성, 남성성, 미분화로 분류된 전공자의 진로에 대한 결정성, 목적성, 확신성이 여성 전공자보다 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 여성 전공자 중 여성성으로 분류된 전공자의 진로에 대한 결정성, 목적성, 확신성이 남성 전공자보다 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 외식관련 전공자의 생물학적 성과 성역할 정체감을 고려한 진로지도가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 이러한 결과는 양성성 유형의 전공자가 진로발달에 바람직하고 긍정적인 것을 보여준다. 그러므로 외식관련 전공자의 생물학적 성별에 따른 양성성을 강화할 진로상담프로그램이 개발되어져야 할 것이다.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제67권
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• pp.77-116
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 빠른 속도로 고령화가 된 한국교회 노인의 건강한 삶을 위해 종교적 성숙의 과제가 필요함을 주장하고, 이를 위해 종교적 성숙에 있어서 본질적인 요인인 하나님과의 관계를 위해 긍정적인 하나님 이미지 형성 및 개발을 위한 교육적 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 노인을 위한 교회교육에 대한 선행연구 탐색을 통해 노인교육의 방향과 과제가 종교적 성숙이 되어야 할 필요성을 주장하고. 인간 삶의 여러 영역에서 종교적 성숙이 어떤 영향을 끼치는지 관련 변인들을 살펴보았다. 종교적 성숙의 과제를 성취하기 위해 성서적 및 신학적 성숙의 개념과 종교심리학적 성숙의 개념을 정리하였고, 종교적 성숙에 있어서 중요한 하나님과의 관계를 위한 하나님 이미지 개념과 성숙한 인간 삶과 관련 있는 변인들을 살펴보았다. 노인의 종교적 성숙을 위해 하나님과의 관계를 올바르게 맺도록 긍정적인 하나님 이미지 형성 및 개발을 위한 교회교육 방안을 지적, 정서적, 행위적 차원에서 제안하였다. 지적인 차원의 교육으로 성서적 및 신학적 하나님 개념을 교육하는 것과 지속적으로 하나님과의 관계를 맺으며 성장과 성숙이 필요한 존재로 노인 스스로를 인식하도록 교육하는 것을 제안하였다. 정서적 차원의 교육으로 노인들의 하나님 이미지의 기원과 형성 과정에 대한 성찰 및 확인하도록 교육할 것과 왜곡된 하나님 이미지 치유하기 위한 교육 상담적 접근으로 교육할 것을 제안하였다. 행위적 차원의 교육으로 다음 세대의 신앙교육에 있어서 부모와 조부모의 역할에 대해 교육할 것과 하나님과의 관계가 삶으로 나타나도록 실천을 유도하는 교육방법을 사용하여 교육할 것을 제안하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.6613-6620
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• 2014

본 연구는 정부의 소상공인 협업화 지원 사업에 참여하는 228 협업체를 대상으로 5개의 협업화 지원 성공 요인의 인식 수준을 조사하였다. 각 요인의 문항에 대한 목표중요도, 중요성 인식 단계, 현재 우려 수준에 대한 인식을 측정하였다. 기존의 연구 결과를 이용하여 각 요인의 성숙도, 문항별 성숙예측시간과 성숙도를 분석하였다. 선행 연구의 결과와 본 연구의 결과를 비교하고, 지원 사업의 시행 전후의 인식 변화를 분석하였다. 이러한 비교분석은 소상공인의 협업화 사업을 지원하는 정부의 정책에 반영될 수 있을 것이다. 정부의 지원 정책은 소상공인 협업화에 긍정적인 영향을 주었지만, 협업체들은 정부의 각종 지원의 감소를 우려하고 있다. 이러한 우려를 해소하기 위해 정부 정책은 협업체에 대하여 단발성이 아닌 성공시점까지 지속적 수행되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.936-941
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• 2010

CMMI는 전체 5개 성숙도 단계, 22개의 프로세스 영역이 있고, 각 프로세스 영역은 SG와 GG로 구성돼 있다. 프로세스 영역 간에는 상호 연관된 부분들이 많아 조직의 표준 프로세스를 정의할 때, 중복적인 내용이 반영되는 경우가 많다. 본 연구에서는 피어슨상관분석을 통해 CMMI 성숙도 3단계 프로세스 영역의 전체 528개 SG중, 총 60개(약 11%)가 연관성이 높음을 파악하고 이 연관성을 고려한 표준 프로세스 정의 방안을 제안하였다. 또한 제안한 방안에 따라 표준 프로세스를 정의한 결과, 기존의 접근 방법을 사용했을 때 보다 생산성이 25% 향상되는 성과를 보였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.176-181
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• 1999

The variations of gene expression and pituitary contents of GTH subunits during the ovarian development of masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou, were investigated. The pituitary GTHs contents was measured by radioimmunoassays (RIAs) using purified GTH subunits and their antibodies. Pituitary contents of GTH $I\beta$ gradually increased from April through August, and reached the maximum in October. On the other hand, pituitary contents of GTH $II\beta$ remained low until August, but they rapidly increased in October. Total RNAs were prepared from pooled pituitaries and the GTH subunits mRNA in pituitaries was quantified by Northern blot hybridization using masu salmon cDNA probes for each GTH subunit. GTH $I\beta$ mRNA level increased with the progression of ovarian maturity. However, GTH $II\beta$ mRNA was detected only at a more advanced stage, and were extremly high at ovulation. A high levels for GTH a mRNA was detected only at ovulation stage. The synchronous increase in pituitary contents and mRNA levels suggested that ovarian maturity in masu salmon was regulated by both GTH I and GTH II.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2006

This study correlated changes in estradiol-l7$\beta$ ($E_2$), testosterone (T), 17$\alpha$,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP), and vitellogenin (VTG) levels with changes in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and ovarian histology during the annual reproductive cycle of the wild marbled sole, Limanda yokohamae. Synchronous oocyte development occurs in this fish. Ovary maturity was classified into four periods, based on histological observations: the spawning (December to February), post-spawning (February to April), recovery (May to August), and vitellogenic (September to November) periods. Seasonal changes in the GSI were inversely correlated with water temperatures and reflected the degree of ovarian maturity. Plasma VTG levels were correlated with changes in the GSI, which increased from September to a peak in January, and levels remained comparatively high until February. Estradiol-17$\beta$ was at baseline levels (<0.11 ng/mL) during the spring and summer, and peaked rapidly (1.55$\pm$0.445 ng/mL) from October to January. Plasma T and DHP levels had a similar profile; they rose markedly during the spawning period and remained low (or were not detectable) from spring through autumn. These data indicate that changes in plsama steroid hormones and VTG levels are correlated with the annual ovarian activity of the marbled sole. Based on these results and published reports, it appears that in this species DHP is the most important maturation-inducing steroid and that T is also related to final maturation.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2004

Plasma steroid hormone levels in the viviparous rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) were examined in relation to gonadal histology under controlled photoperiods and water temperatures. To investigate those effects in S. schlegeli the photoperiod was maintained at 15L:9D in June and then it was gradually decreased to 9L: 15D in October. It was then gradually increased to 12L:12D in January, followed by 14L:I0D in February. The water temperature was $19-20^{\circ}C$ in July. From August to October, it was from $18^{\circ}C\;to\;12^{\circ}C$. Then, it was dropped to a low of $19-11^{\circ}C$ in November to December and then gradually increased to $14-15^{\circ}C$ in February. In females, both plasma $estradiol-l7\beta\;$ (E2) and testosterone (T) levels from August to February showed a similar pattern in both the treatment and the control groups. In the treatment group, the peaks of plasma E2 and T were observed in November, and the peaks were closely correlated to histological observations. Oocytes contained many yolk globules (final vitellogenic oocytes), and oocytes at the migratory nucleus stage increased in size. Plasma levels of progesterone did not change much throughout the experimental period. However, in the control group, the peaks of E2, T, and progesterone were observed in February. These results indicate that the controlled photoperiod and water temperature accelerated sexual maturity, corresponding to the advancement of plasma E2 and T peaks by approximately 3 months. In males, plasma T levels showed a similar pattern from August to October in the treatment and control groups, though levels in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group. From histological observations, the treatment group copulated one month earlier.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.667-675
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• 2023

The Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius is an economically important fish species in the southwestern waters of Korea. This study aimed to provide insights into the reproductive biology of this species in the southwestern waters of Korea. We analyzed monthly changes in fork length (FL), maturity stages, and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Moreover, we measured the in FL at sexual group maturity of 50%, 75%, 97.5%, and sex ratio (female vs. male). The overall sex ratio of female and male was 1:0.8. GSI value showed the highest peak in May; however, the spawning period revealed by the microscopic analysis of gonad tissue of S. niphonius was from April to August 2020. The main spawning seasons for the entire populations was from May to June. The fork length at 50% group maturity was 53.3 cm for females and 53.1 cm for males. These results of spawning period of Spanish mackerel highlight the influences of water temperatures that were higher than those in the past, an increase in resource levels, and the level of Pacific anchovy resources flowing into the spawning ground.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1211-1216
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• 2011

Sexual maturity in poultry is controlled by a complex neural circuit located in the basal forebrain, which integrates the central and peripheral signals to activate hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. This study demonstrated the changes of GnRH-I, POMC and NPY mRNA transcription in hypothalamus and IGF-I and leptin levels in serum of Shaoxing ducks during puberty. Body weight increased progressively from d30 to d120 and at d120 the flock reached 5% of laying rate. A significant upregulation of hypothalamic GnRH-I mRNA expression was observed from d60, reaching the peak at d120. POMC and NPY mRNA expression in hypothalamus showed a similar pattern, which increased from d30 to d60, followed by a significant decrease towards sexual maturity. Serum IGF-I levels exhibited two peaks at d30 and d120, respectively. Serum leptin displayed a single peak at d90. The results indicate that the down-regulation of POMC and NPY genes in hypothalamus coincides with the up-regulation of GnRH-I gene to initiate sexual maturation in ducks. In addition, peripheral IGF-I and leptin may relay the peripheral metabolic status to the central system and contribute to the initiation of the reproductive function in ducks.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1974

The most commonly grown economical and flue-cured tobacco cultivar Yellow Special A was used in pot-culture tests in order to study Ethrel (2-chloroethyl phosponic acid) effects on accelerating maturity of tobacco leaves in relation to the most adequate level of the chemical useful for field growing, nitrogen level in soil for the most pronounced response, and the most suitable spray period during the growth stages of pre-, post- and topping periods. The following conclusions, thus, were obtained from the present studies; 1. 500ppm Ethrel spray was reconfirmed to be adequate in the practical applications, although the extent of yellow-ripening of tobacco leaves was increased as the Ethrel level increased. The highest leevel treated resulted in causing chemically damaged lesions on leaves and early defoliation. 2. Ethrel-treated leaves showed deeper yellowish tinge to them than those without treatment, while different levels of the chemcial had less influence on the tinge. 3. An adequate level of nitrogen supply to plants favored the Ethrel response, whereas either very low or high level of nitrogen in the soil lowered the chemical effect on accelerating the yellow-ripening. When carbohydrates versus total nitrogen ratio became relatively high, the condition brought out some outstanding Ethrel effects. 4. Chlorophyll level of leaves increased as soil applications of nitrogen level increased, and that also increased carotenoid level of the tobacco leaves. Ethrel-treated leaves showed deeper orange tinge than those without treatment, while the highest level of nitrogen application showed the deepest orange tinge to tobacco leaves. 5. Pre-topping treatment (12 days before topping and flowering) resulted in almost no Ethrel response, and that treatment right on the day of topping, showed response of yellow-leaf ripening at nearly bottom-half leaves of a tobacco plant. The post-topping treatment (12 days after topping) made plants showing full response of Ethrel from bottom to the top leaves of tobacco plant in accelerating the leaf maturity. 6. The extent of Ethrel responses on accelerating yellow-ripening of tobacco leaves was discussed for the modifying influences brought about by certain environmental factors. Discussions were also made about the possible practical applications (particularly for pre-rice planting) and quality difference that may be caused by such growth environments.