• 유기물자원화
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.53-63
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• 1994

예취빈도가 다른 조건에서 무기태 질소와 액상구비의 시용수준이 Reed canargrass 의 건물수량에 미치는 영향을 액상구비의 질소이용효율을 중심으로 검토하였다. 무기태 질소의 시용에 대한 액상구비의 상대건물수량은 연간 3회 예취구에서 84.3%, 4회 예취구에서 77.9%, 그리고 5회 예취구에서 81.2%를 나타내어 액상구비의 시용효과가 높았다. 무기태 질소의 건물생산효율(kgDM/kgN)은 모든 예취구에서 30kg/ha/cut 수준에서 가장 높았으며, 예취빈도에서는 3회 예취구가 질소 1kg당 23.9kg의 건물수량을 나타내어 다른 예취구보다 높았다. 그러나 전질소량(kgTN/kgN) 의 증가에서는 예취빈도에 따른 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 액상구비의 건물생산효율(kgDM/kgN) 은 3회와 4회 예취구에서는 30kg/ha/cut 수준, 5회 예취구에서는 60kg/ha/cut 수준에서 가장 높았으며, 전질소량(kgTN/kgN) 에서는 3회 예취구에서 0.11kg이었으나, 4회와 5회 예취구에서는 20kg 이상이었다. 무기태 질소에 대한 액상구비의 상대건물생산효율은 3회 예취구에서 33.1%, 4회 예취구에서 52.1%, 5회 예취구에서 50.0%였으며, 상대전질소량은 3회 예취구에서 28.9%, 4회 예취구에서 51.3%, 그리고 5회 예취구에서 55.3%를 나타내었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.781-784
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• 2000

A study was conducted to examine the influence of maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguniculata) intercropping on fodder biomass production and silage characteristics. Maize fodder was cultivated alone and intercropped with cowpea at seed ratio of 85:15 and 70:30. Fodder was harvested at heading stage (at about 35% dry matter). The data indicated significant increase in biomass and crude protein production of maize intercropped with cowpea at seed ratio 70:30 followed by seed ratio 85:15 as compared to maize alone. However, no (p>0.05) difference was observed in TDN production among the three treatments. Four types of silages from, I) maize alone, II) maize and cowpea (85:15), III) maize and cowpea (70:30) and IV) maize supplemented with 2.5% urea were prepared. After 60 days of ensiling period, silage samples were analysed for proximate composition and fermentation characteristics. Crude protein and lactic acid values of silages I, II, III and IV were 8.52, 9.82, 14.90 and 13.96% and 9.00, 9.38, 10.86 and 7.43%; respectively. In situ dry matter digestibility was maximum in silage III followed by silages II, IV and I. The results suggested that intercropping of maize and cowpea at seed ratio 70:30 increased fodder production and produced quality silage.

• 환경생물
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2005

The effect of different mulching materials on mungbean production was studied. The general objective was to assess the ecological effects of mulching materials in sustainable mungbean production. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the effects of different mulching materials on the chemical, physical and biological soil properties, on weed control and yield, and to identify mulching materials that are environmentally friendly in mungbean production. The experiment was conducted at the Fruit and Vegetables Seeds Center, Science City of $Mu/tilde{n}oz$, Nueva Ecija, Philippines from May to July 2004. The initial soil chemical properties were: pH of 6.4, 2.0 percent organic matter content, 0.10 percent total nitrogen, 22 ppm phosphorus, and 370 ppm available potassium. The soil microbial loads were $8\times10^4\;CFU\;g^{-1}$ for bacteria and $14\times10^4\;CFU\;g^{-1}$ for fungi. Mushroom spent mulch increased soil organic matter with an average of 3.13 percent, nitrogen with an average of 0.16 percent and the highest number of bacterial count with $3.4\times10^8\;CFU\;g^{-1}$. Use of mulch, except rice straw mulch, generally increased mungbean yield. The best mulching material for high yield production of mungbean was black polyethylene plastic film, although environmentally unfriendly.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 1991

Performance and production of twenty lactating Holstein cows fed diets containing either soybean meal or fish meal as the primary protein source were compared in a continuous or split feeding scheme. At 1 wk prepartum four groups of five animals were placed on each experimental diet. Animals assigned to the continuous feeding scheme were continued on these diets for 10-wk postpartum. At 4 wk postpartum, the diets for the groups assigned to switching protein sources were changed. These treatments were continued for another 6 wk. Milk production and dietary intakes were recorded daily. Milk constituents were measured every 2 d. Cows weights, rumen fluid samples and jugular blood samples were collected weekly. Data showed no effect of early lactation diet on cow performance or milk characteristics. Overall, compared to the soybean meal diet, the fish meal diet lowered the milk fat percent and increased production of milk per unit of dry matter ingested. No differences were observed for volatile fatty acid content of rumen fluid, blood mineral content, milk protein, somatic cell count, 4%-fat corrected milk, dry matter intake, or body weight.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2004

유기조사료 생산을 위한 방목초지의 역할을 구명하기 위해 2000년부터 2002년까지 경기도 수원시 소재 축산기술연구소에서 수행되었다. 유기재배에 따른 목초의 생산성을 구명하기 위해 대조구(표준관리), 친환경구, 유기구를 처리구로 하여 수행되었다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 건물수량은 대조구, 친환경구, 유기구의 순으로 많았으나, 유기구와 대조구의 수량차이가 14% 정도로 작았다. 2. 사료가치와 식생에서는 큰 차이가 없었다. 위 시험의 결과 방목초지는 유기적 재배에서도 양호한 상태로 유지되어 초지는 유기조사료 생산에 적합한 작목으로 판명되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.355-360
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• 2003

The responses of six mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] varieties to Rhizobium inoculation on number and dry weight of nodules, nitrogenase activity of root nodule bacteria, dry weight of shoot and root, nitrogen content, and uptake by shoot were investigated. The mungbean varieties were BARI Mung-2, BARI Mung-3, BARI Mung-4, BARI Mung-5, BINA Moog-2, and BU Mung-1. Two-third seeds of each variety were inoculated with Rhizobium inoculant and the remaining one-third seeds were kept uninoculated. Rhizobium strains TAL 169 and TAL 441 were used for inoculation of seeds. Inoculation of seeds with Rhizobium strains significantly increased nodulation, nitrogenases activity, dry matter production, nitrogen content, and uptake by shoot of the crop compared to uninoculated control. There was positive correlation among the number and dry weight of nodules, nitrogenase activity, dry weight of shoot and root, nitrogen content, and uptake by shoot of the crop. It was concluded that BARI Mung-4 in association with Rhizobium strain TAL 169 performed best in recording nodulation, nitrogenase activity, dry matter production, and nitrogen uptake by shoot of mungbean.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 1990

A three year's field experiment was carried out on newly reclaimed tidal saline soils to evaluate the salt tolerance and growht characteristics, and their relationship to dry matter production and nutrient quality of main selected pasture species. Nine temperate grasses (14 varieties) and two forage crops (sorghum and pearl millet) were grown under different mulching treatments with medium sand and red-yellow soils (fine loamy materials of Typic Hapludults) from 1986 to 1988. Tall wheatgrass, tall fescue, reed canarygrass and alfalfa showed a good tolerance to soil salinity, especially tall wheatgrass (cv. Alkar) produced 19.6 ton/ha dry matter yield annualy under mulching treatment with medium sand depth in lcm. Pearl millet (cv. Gahi-3) was also evaluated as a salt tolerable forage species. Under salt stress in newly reclaimed tidal lands, plant showed a decrease in the assimirable leaf area (LA) as well as specific leaf area (SP. LA) and a low leaf weight ratio(LWR), and it resulted in a low concentration of crude protein and low digestible dry matter contents. Absorption of macro and micro elements in the plant on tidal lands was increased markedly.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop a nondestructive grouping system for soil organic matter using visible (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopic method. The artificial light was irradiated on the cut soil surface at 15 to 20 cm depths to reduce the errors of light at open field. The reflectance energy from the cut soil surface was measured to group the soil organic matter using VIS/NIR light sensor with narrow band pass filter. From reflectance spectra of soil samples, the sensitive wavelengths for measuring the soil organic matter were selected and compared to previous research results. The grouping system for soil organic matter consisted of light sensor with band pass filter measuring the reflectance energy of the cut soil surface, global positing system (GPS), analog-to-digital (AD) converter, computer and operating software. The regression models to predict the soil organic matter were developed and evaluated. From field test, the accuracies of the developed light sensor system were 81.3% for five-stage grouping of the soil organic matters and 91.0% for three-stages grouping of the soil organic matters, respectively. It could be possible to support the decision making for variable rate applications with the developed grouping system for soil organic matter in precision agriculture.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2012

Litterfall dynamics in forests are assessed by estimating biomass production and decomposition. However, there have been few studies on how litter dynamics impact the health and management of ecosystems. Here, a new approach to measure and assess ecosystem function is presented based on conventional methods using littertraps, litterbags, and the mass on the forest floor. To assess the status of litter dynamics, the decay rate (k) was estimated from a litterbag experiment, and removal rates ($k_i$) were determined from mass balance on the forest floor at 21 sites on three mountains in South Korea. The $k_3$ (organic mass ratio of $O_i$ and $O_e+O_a$ + A horizons in November) values in an equilibrium state in South Korea were within the range of $k{\pm}0.174$ when considering the annual variation of litterfall production. This study also suggests that sampling sites for these types of studies should be in the middle, not at the ends, of steady slopes on the forest floor.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 12호
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• pp.5-11
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• 1970

상수에 있어서 각종 재배조건을 달리했을 경우에 있어서 동화량의 차를 알기 위해 punch method를 건물량 증가로서 순동화량을 측정하였다. (1) 착엽부위별 건물양은 식아거리와 관계없이 수고 150cm 부위가 가장 많았고 200cm 부위, 100cm부위, 50cm부위 순으로 적었다. (2) 착엽부위에 다른 동화량의 일변화는 수고 150∼200cm 부위는 오전에 동화량이 많았고 50∼100cm 부위는 오후가 많았다. (3) 상전의 위치에 따른 건물량은 남쪽 외측이 가장 많았고 그 다음으로는 동쪽 외측이 많았으며 그 외는 큰 차가 없이 같은 경향이었다. (4) 상전의 위치별 동화량의 일변화는 동쪽은 오전 7시∼10시까지가 많은데 비해 남쪽은 오전 10시∼오후 1시까지가 많았다. (5) 상품종별 건물량을 비교한 결과를 보면 수원상 4호가 가장 많았고 시평, 개량서반, 노상의 순으로 적으며 1일간의 동화생산량도 수원상 4호가 가장 많고 개량서반, 시평, 노상의 순으로 적어졌다. (6) 벌채정도별 건물량증가와 1일간순동화량은 다같이 벌채정도가 강한 1/2벌채구가 가장 많았고 1/3벌채구, 무벌채구 순으로 적었다.