• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.577-585
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• 2021

In this research, a neural network (NN) method was developed, which combines H-infinity and fuzzy control for the purpose of stabilization and stability analysis of nonlinear systems. The H-infinity criterion is derived from the Lyapunov fuzzy method, and it is defined as a fuzzy combination of quadratic Lyapunov functions. Based on the stability criterion, the nonlinear system is guaranteed to be stable, so it is transformed to be a linear matrix inequality (LMI) problem. Since the demo active vibration control system to the tuning of the algorithm sequence developed a controller in a manner, it could effectively improve the control performance, by reducing the wind's excitation configuration in response to increase in the cost efficiency, and the control actuator.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.637-647
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• 2023

Nonlinear free vibration and stability responses of a carbon nanotube reinforced composite beam under temperature rising are investigated in this paper. The material of the beam is considered as a polymeric matrix by reinforced the single-walled carbon nanotubes according to different distributions with temperature-dependent physical properties. With using the Hamilton's principle, the governing nonlinear partial differential equation is derived based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. In the nonlinear kinematic assumption, the Von Kármán nonlinearity is used. The Galerkin's decomposition technique is utilized to discretize the governing nonlinear partial differential equation to nonlinear ordinary differential equation and then is solved by using of multiple time scale method. The critical buckling temperatures, the nonlinear natural frequencies and the nonlinear free response of the system is obtained. The effect of different patterns of reinforcement on the critical buckling temperature, nonlinear natural frequency, nonlinear free response and phase plane trajectory of the carbon nanotube reinforced composite beam investigated with temperature-dependent physical property.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.767-774
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• 2022

A geometrically nonlinear stability analysis of sandwich annular plates with cellular core and particle-reinforced composite layers has been performed in the present research. The particles are powders of graphene oxide (GOP) which act as nanoscale filler of epoxy matrix. To this regard, Halpin-Tsai micromechanical scheme has been used to define the material properties of the layers. A square shaped core has been considered for which the material properties have been defined based on the relative density concept. Large deflection theory of thin shells has been selected to develop the complete formulation of sandwich plate. The geometrically nonlinear stability analysis of sandwich annular plates has been carried out by indicating that the buckling load is dependent on particle amount, thickness of layer and core relative density.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.297-313
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• 2023

This study aims to extend the application of the spectral element method (SEM) to wave propagation and free vibration analysis of functionally graded (FG) plates integrated with thin piezoelectric layers, plates with tapered thickness and structure on elastic foundations. Also, the dynamic response of the smart FG plate under impact and moving loads is presented. In this paper, the dynamic stiffness matrix of the smart rectangular FG plate is determined by using the exact dynamic shape functions based on Mindlin plate assumptions. The low computational time and results' independence with the number of elements are two significant features of the SEM. Also, to prove the accuracy and efficiency of the SEM, results are compared with Abaqus simulations and those reported in references. Furthermore, the effects of boundary conditions, power-law index, piezoelectric layers thickness, and type of loading on the results are studied.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.47-64
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• 2019

We analyze and study competition in differentiated product market using public data source. Understanding competitive market structure is critical for firms to assess how their products compete against other firms in a given market. In this paper, we estimate consumer demand, extend clout and vulnerability framework, and study competition among multi-product manufacturers in differentiated product market. For our empirical analysis, we adopt choice-based aggregate demand model and estimate consumer demand while accounting for unobserved product characteristics. Once we estimate consumer demand, we compute full price elasticity matrix and investigate intra- and inter- manufacturer substitutions among consumers. This research offers a framework for marketers to analyze and understand market structures, leading them to informed decisions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.875-876
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• 2006

For dry machining of mineral materials the Institute of Materials Engineering pursues a novel thermal protection shield concept for diamond tools, in which thermal insulating materials in diamond composite structures act as heat shield, which protects diamonds in deeper layers against high temperature and graphitisation. Before the effectiveness of this concept could be investigated suitable composites have to be manufactured. In this paper the powder metallurgical production processes of diamond-alumina-cobalt-composites with varying alumina and cobalt particle sizes, their microstructures and porosities are described. It could be observed that the distribution of small-sized alumina particles ($<70{\mu}m$) in the cobalt matrix is uniform and the porosity of the composite decrease.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.365-374
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• 2023

This paper presents a new scheme for constructing locking-free finite elements in thick and thin plates, called Discrete Shear Gap element (DSG), using multiphase material topology optimization for triangular elements of Reissner-Mindlin plates. Besides, common methods are also presented in this article, such as quadrilateral element (Q4) and reduced integration method. Moreover, when the plate gets too thin, the transverse shear-locking problem arises. To avoid that phenomenon, the stabilized discrete shear gap technique is utilized in the DSG3 system stiffness matrix formulation. The accuracy and efficiency of DSG are demonstrated by the numerical examples, and many superior properties are presented, such as being a strong competitor to the common kind of Q4 elements in the static topology optimization and its computed results are confirmed against those derived from the three-node triangular element, and other existing solutions.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.203-210
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• 2023

In the present research, dynamic deflections of a sandwich beam having functionally graded (FG) porous core have been investigated assuming that the sandwich beam is exposed to a pulse load of blast type. The two layers of sandwich beam have been made of a polymeric matrix reinforced by graphene oxide powder (GOP). The micromechanical formulation of the layers has been done via Halpin-Tsai model. The solution method is chosen to be Ritz method which is an efficient method to solve the system of equations of beams modeled based on a higher-order theory. To derive the time history of sandwich beam under pulse load, Laplace method has been used. The porosity content of the core, the GOP content of the layers, thickness of the layer and also duration of the applied load have great influences of the responses of sandwich beam.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.335-344
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• 2023

This investigation presents nonlinear free vibration of a carbon nanotube reinforced composite beam based on the Von Kármán nonlinearity and the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory The material properties of the structure is considered as made of a polymeric matrix by reinforced carbon nanotubes according to different material distributions. The governing equations of the nonlinear vibration problem is delivered by using Hamilton's principle and the Galerkin's decomposition technique is utilized to discretize the governing nonlinear partial differential equation to nonlinear ordinary differential equation and then is solved by using of multiple time scale method. The nonlinear natural frequency and the nonlinear free response of the system is obtained with the effect of different patterns of reinforcement.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.84 no.4
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• pp.453-464
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• 2022

Thin plates are the most common spatially stressed members in engineering structures that bear out-of-plane loads. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the deformation performance characteristics of thin plates for structural design. By constructing 12 basic displacement and deformation basis vectors of the four-node square thin plate element, a deformation decomposition method based on the complete orthogonal mechanical basis matrix is proposed in this paper. Based on the deformation decomposition method, the deformation properties of the thin plate can be quantitatively analyzed, and the areas dominated by each basic deformation can be visualized. In addition, the method can not only obtain more deformation information of the structure, but also identify macroscopic basic deformations, such as bending, shear and warping deformations. Finally, the deformation properties of the bidirectional thin plates with different sizes of central holes are analyzed, and the changing rules are obtained.