• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.12 s.138
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• pp.1596-1604
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• 2004

Quality Function Deployment(QFD) is a product development tool which ensures that the voice of the customer needs is heard and translated into products. To develop a sensible brassiere for middle-aged women QFD was adopted. In this study the applicability and usefulness of QFD was examined through the engineering design process for a sensible brassiere for middle-aged women. The customer needs for the wear comfort of brassiere was made by one-on-one survey of 100 women who aged 30-40. The customer competitive assessment was generated by wearing tests of 10 commercial brassieres. The subjective assessment was conducted in the enviornmental chamber that was controlled at $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C,\;65{\pm}3\%RH.$ As a results, we developed twenty-one customer needs and corresponding HOWs for the wear comfort of brassiere. The Customer Competitive Assessment was generated by wearing tests of commercial brassiere. The subjective measurement scale and dimension for the evaluation of sensible brassiere were extracted from factor analysis. Four factors were fitting, aesthetic property, pressure sensation, displacement of brassiere due to movement. The most critical design parameter was wire-related property and second one was stretchability of main material of brassiere. Also, wearing comfort of brassiere was affected by the interaction of initial stretchability of wing and support of strap. Engineering design process, QFD was applicable to the development of technical and aesthetic brassieres.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2015

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation(ATMT) of Flammulina velutipes was used to produce a diverse number of transformants to discover the functions of gene that is vital for its variation color, spore pattern and cellulolytic activity. Futhermore, the transformant pool will be used as a good genetic resource for studying gene functions. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was conducted in order to generate intentional mutants of F. velutipes strain KACC42777. Then Agrobacterium tumefaciens AGL-1 harboring pBGgHg was transformed into F. velutipes. This method is use to determine the functional gene of F. velutipes. Inverse PCR was used to insert T-DNA into the tagged chromosomal DNA segments and conducting sequence analysis of the F. velutipes. But this experiment had trouble in diverse morphological mutants because of dikaryotic nature of mushroom. It needed to make monokaryotic fruiting varients which introduced genes of compatible mating types. In this study, next generation sequencing data was generated from 28 strains of Flammulina velutipes with different phenotypes using Illumina Hiseq platform. Filtered short reads were initially aligned to the reference genome (KACC42780) to construct a SNP matrix. And then we built a phylogenetic tree based on the validated SNPs. The inferred tree represented that white- and brown- fruitbody forming strains were generally separated although three brown strains, 4103, 4028, and 4195, were grouped with white ones. This topological relationship was consistently reappeared even when we used randomly selected SNPs. Group I containing 4062, 4148, and 4195 strains and group II containing 4188, 4190, and 4194 strains formed early-divergent lineages with robust nodal supports, suggesting that they are independent groups from the members in main clades. To elucidate the distinction between white-fruitbody forming strains isolated from Korea and Japan, phylogenetic analysis was performed using their SNP data with group I members as outgroup. However, no significant genetic variation was noticed in this study. A total of 28 strains of Flammulina velutipes were analyzed to identify the genomic regions responsible for producing white-fruiting body. NGS data was yielded by using Illumina Hiseq platform. Short reads were filtered by quality score and read length were mapped on the reference genome (KACC42780). Between the white- and brown fruitbody forming strains. There is a high possibility that SNPs can be detected among the white strains as homozygous because white phenotype is recessive in F. velutipes. Thus, we constructed SNP matrix within 8 white strains. SNPs discovered between mono3 and mono19, the parental monokaryotic strains of 4210 strain (white), were excluded from the candidate. If the genotypes of SNPs detected between white and brown strains were identical with those in mono3 and mono19 strains, they were included in candidate as a priority. As a result, if more than 5 candidates SNPs were localized in single gene, we regarded as they are possibly related to the white color. In F. velutipes genome, chr01, chr04, chr07,chr11 regions were identified to be associated with white fruitbody forming. White and Brown Fruitbody strains can be used as an identification marker for F. veluipes. We can develop some molecular markers to identify colored strains and discriminate national white varieties against Japanese ones.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.10 s.96
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• pp.899-908
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• 2004

The rise of income and introduction of 5 day a week working system give korean people opportunities to enjoy their leisure time. And many korean people have much interest in oceanic sports such as yachting and also oceanic leisure equipments. With the popularization and development of the equipments, the scope of oceanic activities has been expanding in Korea just as in the advanced oceanic countries. However, The current conditions for the sports in Korea are not advanced and even worse than underdeveloped countries. In order to develop the underdeveloped resources of Korean marina, we need to customize the marina models of advanced nations to serve the specific needs and circumstances of Korea As such we have carried out a comparative analysis of how Austrailia, Newzealand, Singapore, japan and Malaysia operate their marina, reaching the following conclusions. Firstly, in marina operations, in order to protect personal property rights and to preserve the environment, we must operate membership and non-membership, profit and non-profit schemes separately, yet without regulating the dress code entering or leaving the club house. Secondly, in order to accumulate greater value added, new sporting events should be hosted each year. There is also the need for an active use of volunteers, the generation of greater interest in yacht tourism, and the simplification of CIQ procedures for foreign yachts as well as the provision of language services. Thirdly, a permanent yacht school should be established, and classes should be taught by qualified instructors. Beginners, intermediary, and advanced learner classes should be managed separately with special emphasis on the dinghy yacht program for children. Fourthly, arrival and departure at the moorings must be regulated autonomically, and there must be systematic measures for the marina to be able, in part, to compensate for loss and damages to equipment, security and surveillance after usage fees have been paid for. Fifthly, marine safety personnel must be formed in accordance with Korea's current circumstances from civilian organizations in order to be used actively in benchmarking, rescue operations, and oceanic searches at times of disaster at sea.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1993

This study carried out to build up new synthetic egg production lines which had sex-linked gene for feather color sexing and also superior combining ability for producing the best commercial chicks. The closed flock breeding method was utilized to improve the general performances in the first experiment and combining ability for heterosis was tested for new synthetic line in the second experimental year. In order to test for the egg production ability in cross breeds synthetic lines, the crossing of B$\times$4 B$\times$C, two imported strains and two domestic strains as controls were compared for the general performances. There was on difference in mortality, body weight to 56 weeks of age. Sexual maturity was delayed about 10 days by comparing with other reports, except 153 days of the Manina White, but no difference among mating systems in this experiment. The hen housed egg production in B$\times$A, B$\times$C was 186.3, 191.3 respectively and it was better than the other controls, except ISA imported lines. The hen-day egg production of B$\times$A, B$\times$C was better than other controls, with 75.7%, 76.8% respectively. In the average egg weight, the B$\times$C cross breed was highest with 64.5g. As the sex of hatching chicks was identified by difference of feather color, the genetic composition of synthetic lines must be homogenized. The feather color of female chicks was brown and that of male was silver (99%), In conclusion, the egg production ability of B$\times$A, B$\times$C cross breeds was superior to the imported and domestic lines. Therefore, it suggest that the synthetic lines with sex-linked gene might be utilized for improving egg production performances.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.295-301
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• 2004

Recently, the rapid increase and global spread of extended-spectrum $\beta-lactamase$ producing clinical isolates has become a serious problem. The incidence of extended-spectrum $\beta-lactamase$ producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Korea and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents were investigated. Total 233 isolates of E. coli were obtained from urine from hospitalized patients in Guro hospital, Korea University in 2001. One hun­dred and eighty four isolates $(78.9\%)$ were resistant to ampicillin, 80 isolates $(34.3\%)$ were resistant to ceph­alothin, 93 isolates $(39.9\%)$ were resistant to gentamicin, and 64 isolates $(27.5\%)$ were resistant to norfloxacin. Among 233 isolates, 17 isolates $(7.3\%)$ were positive as determined by the double disk synergy test. When min­imal inhibitory concentrations were assayed with additional 6 antimicrobial agents, 13 isolates $(76.5\%)$ were multi-drug resistant to at least four different class antimicrobial agents. Extended-spectrum $\beta-lactamase$ were characterized with isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. They were TEM-1 in 5 iso­lates, TEM-15 in 1 isolate, TEM-20 in 1 isolate, TEM-52 in 4 isolates, TEM-1 and AmpC in 2 isolates, TEM-1 and OXA-30 in 1 isolate, TEM-1 and OXA-33 in 1 isolate, TEM-1, CTX-M-3, and AmpC in 1 isolate, but SHV was not detected. Antimicrobial resistance genes were transferred to animal isolate of E. coli (CCARM No. 1203) by the filter mating method. Extended spectrum $\beta-lactamase$ producers studied in the current study have low correlation to each other as determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA and pulsed field gel elec­trophoresis. This is a contradictory result from the general hypothesis that extended-spectrum $\beta-lactamase$ pro­ducers in one hospital is a result from a clonal spread.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.207-216
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• 2006

Vaginal cytology was examined in 12 Shih-tzu bitches to establish the accurate basic data for estimate to the optimal mating time and ovulation time. The mean duration of proestrus and estrus were $9.09{\pm}0.83\;(mean{\pm}SD)$ days and $7.36{\pm}0.47$ days in pregnant bitches. The gestational length in the 12 pregnant bitches was $65.2{\pm}0.5$ days in pregnant bitches when Day 0 was timed from the first day of male acceptance. Characteristic features of vaginal cytology during the estrous cycle were the high proportion of large intermediate cell, superficial cell, anuclear cell and erythrocyte in proestrus, superficial cell, anuclear cell and erythrocyte in estrus, and parabasal cell, small and large intermediate cell and leukocyte in diestrus, respectively. Cornification index (CI) was the high proportion in proestrus and estrus, then it decreased in diestrus and anestrus. When Day 0 was timed from the day of the first male acceptance, the CI peak was Day 2 and maintained above 80% between Day -4 and Day 6 during 11 days, and above 90% between Day -1 and Day 5 during 7 days. In relationship between CI and reproductive hormones, CI showed peak at the first day after plasma estradiol-$17{\beta}$ concentration peak and plasma progesterone concentration was first increased above 4.0 ng/ml at Day 0 which was the first day after CI peak. In conclusion, ovulation in Shih-tzu bitches occurred at the first day after CI peak. Vaginal cytology is the simple and reliable method for estimating estrous cycle, optimal breeding time and ovulation time in Shih-tzu bitches.