• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.86-107
• /
• 2024

Although interest in eco-friendly fashion products is increasing among scholars and industry leaders, the concept of eco-friendly products remains unclear, preventing consistent assessment of which fashion products are eco-friendly. This study conducted a content analysis of eco-friendly product information from 87 domestic and 102 foreign brands to reveal key standards for categorizing eco-friendly fashion products. Product characteristic information was coded according to the four material-based standards (i.e., organic material, regenerative material, alternative material, and sustainably produced/upcycled material). Consistency between coders was confirmed by Cohen's kappa. In results, eco-friendly fashion products are categorized by four material-based standards and two certification standards (i.e., certified, not certified). Among the four material-based categories, the greatest number of domestic and foreign companies produced eco-friendly products that were classified as the regenerative material group. In addition, companies acquired eco-friendly certifications related to the use of organic, regenerative, and alternative materials. The greatest number of eco-friendly material brands used for eco-friendly fashion products belonged to the regenerative material group. Based on the study results, a typology of eco-friendly products was suggested. This typology can benefit practitioners and academics by highlighting a need for classification system for the eco-friendly fashion products, as well as by providing insight into the categorization of eco-friendly fashion products.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.446-451
• /
• 2007

Since the introduction of advanced composite materials for use in aircraft, the material qualification has been a costly burden to the small airframe manufacturer. For each manufacturer, extensive qualification testing has often been performed to develop the base material properties and allowables at operating environmental conditions, regardless of whether this material system had been previously certificated by other manufacturers. In recent years, NASA, industry, and the FAA have worked together to develop a cost-effective method of qualifying composite material systems by the sharing of a central material qualification database. In this paper, the new methodology of composite material qualification is presented and material allowable of 350°F carbon fiber/epoxy composite material produced domestically is determined with this methodology.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.48 no.12
• /
• pp.969-976
• /
• 2020

Urban Air Mobility is attracting attention as a future innovation industry around the world, and leading industries are considering the application of composite materials for structural robustness and lightening in the designing and manufacturing new concept eVTOL aircraft. To apply composite materials to the new concept of eVTO aircraft, this paper was analyzed about composite material qualification system of FAA & EASA and institutionalized by Korea Government, including the procedures and methods, the organization to carry out the material verification for domestic conditions. The domestic composite material qualification system will not only make it easier for manufacturers of eVTOL aircraft with a new concept to apply composite materials to domestic aircraft through pre-material qualification, but also reduce the burden of material qualification within the period of type certification. In addition, domestic manufacturers of composite materials with qualified material quality and performance will be easy to enter for domestic aircraft applications and composite material manufacturers with experience in applying to aircraft will have a positive impact on overseas exports. This system will be able to promote the development eVTOL aircraft industry of a new concept and enhance international credibility of made aircraft in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Assurance Society Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.297-302
• /
• 2004

Internet becomes absolutely necessary tools due to rapid progress of information technology. Educational correspondence abount an age of information demand is a education focused on a learner and remote education based on information technology. WBI(Web Based Instruction) is a formation that remotly educate a learner using web, possible mutual reaction between instructor and learner, submint various studying material, has a good point to overcome spatial restriction. Internal and external standardization working is accelerated and recently XML security studies are activated using XML which is next generation web standard document format. And XML electronic signature raise interworking between digital signature systems used by various field of using XML document. Using these merit and complementing defect are main contents that users have to pay about Certification service to get CA certificate from 2004 june. This paper propose multiplex Certification remote education agent system using XML digital signature to satisfy security requirement.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.42-48
• /
• 2009

There are a number of factors affecting the continued airworthiness of composite structure. Unlike metal structure, damages made in manufacturing processes or maintenance repair procedures need to be considered. The different levels of degradation and damage, which may occur, must be considered for structural substantiation of static strength, stiffness, flutter, and damage tolerance. This can start with an evaluation of environmental effects for the particular composite material. Matrix-dominated composite properties, such as compressive strength, are most sensitive to moisture absorption and temperatures. Static strength substantiation includes the smaller damages that will not be detected in production or maintenance inspection while damage tolerance addresses larger damages that need to be repaired once discovered. In this paper, we intend to list the airworthiness regulations and advisory circular that are deemed closely related to the certification of composite airplanes.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2014

The Product Carbon Footprint Labeling has been run for more than four years by the Ministry of Environment and there are number of products labeled by KEITI(Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute), as for declaring products with their carbon emission during life cycle stages. There are several categories for certifying products by the characteristics of usage. Building products which are applied to a building as combined components or elements, are classified as production goods which means that the products are chosen by a business, not by a final consumer. In this paper, current status of PCF labeling has been reviewed focused on building products and the characteristics of carbon emission by a kind of product such as interior products, window products, structural products, system products and others. Until Dec. 2013, 82 products has been labeled and it covers about 53% among labeled product goods by the certification. Among the labeled building products, interior products are main products. From the results of comparison, variations of emission amounts by products have been found and the cause of variation could be explained by the purpose and material properties of products. However, the exact reason for variations cannot be acquired because of lack of information and the short operation period of the certification program. Further studies and more products are needed to be studied and analyzed focused on the emission characteristic by each product and to suggest reduction technologies for sustainable building products.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.45 no.5
• /
• pp.443-456
• /
• 2019

Objectives: Children are exposed to various environmental pollutants through contact with children's products. We investigated the KC mark, certification number, and contained substances labeled on children's products through market research and collected the toxicological data on these substances. Methods: The environmentally hazardous substances labeled on children's products (n=6576), including toys (n=2812), personal care products (n=2212), stationary/books (n=1333), and playground equipment (n=219) were examined. For the components that could be identified by CAS number, toxicological data on oral, inhalation, and dermal routes, cancer slope factor, and reference dose were collected. Results: Among the investigated products, KC marks or certification numbers were found for 4557 products (69.3%). Except for cosmetics and cleansers, the material information was labeled on most of the products. The frequency of labeling substance information in toys and stationary/books was low since this information could be omitted if KC certification was obtained. In the target products, 617 substances were identified by CAS number, and polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and polyester were the most frequently displayed. Chronic toxicity data was found for only 32.4% of individual components, and information on toxicity through the dermal route was also highly limited. Conclusion: Our study suggested that labeling guidelines should be required to identify the environmentally hazardous substances contained in children's products. In addition, the toxicological data on many ingredients in children's products were insufficient. The data gap for toxicity data should be filled for future risk assessment.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.42-56
• /
• 2022

The thesis is automated traffic control equipment system aims to improve. Areas where improvement is needed about the existing automated traffic control equipment by applying the latest technology and to improve the things that can be derived. Reflecting the derived improvements, we intend to present a plan for the design and implementation of a new unmanned traffic control device. The main improvements were designed to change the housing material of the unmanned traffic control equipment, simplify the configuration of the equipment, reduce the weight of the equipment, and change the purpose of the software. In order to evaluate the objective performance of the improved unmanned traffic control equipment through this study, it was requested to a public certification authority. The reliability of the equipment was secured through KC certification and durability test. It is intended to present the feasibility of securing the marketability of the unmanned traffic control equipment by comparing and evaluating the construction period and installation cost with the existing unmanned traffic control equipment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 2017

According to an increase in demand for polyurethane soft foam for thermally insulated containers, the purpose of this study is based on redefining existing rigid polyurethane foam insulation KS standard which has been limited to building material-based authentication techniques. Since there are arising concerns of consumer rights and safety due to humidifier fungicides and urethane track incidents, there are elements to be further researched on rigid polyurethane foam insulation for refregerated containers. Thus, we reviewed the prior standards for rigid polyurethane foam insulation and verified the validity of certification testing method for the new standard with self-foamed polyurethane.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to certify the eco-friendly elements of traditional Hanok based on the G-SEED 2016 Criteria. For this study, estimating the eco-friendly elements of the two traditional Hanok - Myeong Jae's old house and General Lee Sam's old house - based on the G-SEED 2016 Criteria. The results were as follows: Each of the two traditional Hanok can get the sufficient points for grading at G-SEED 2016, but the two required criteria are not be able to get the points; energy performance such as heat storage of traditional mud wall and water saving equipments. On the other hand using eco-friendly materials in traditional Hanok are satisfied with the Material category. Also using rainwater and underwater through garden and pond in traditional Hanok are satisfied with the Ecological environment category. But lots of the other eco-friendly elements of traditional Hanok can not be estimated by G-SEED 2016 Criteria. Modern Hanok will be able to obtain G-SEED 2016 certification when using the valid eco-friendly elements of traditional Hanok and applies new technologies such as water saving equipments.