• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2001

Highly accurate control of the air-fuel ratio is important to reduce exhaust gas emissions of the gaseous-fuel engines. In order to achieve this purpose, inlet air mass flow must be measured exactly, and precise engine models are necessary to design engine control systems. In this paper, the effects of water vapor and gaseous fuel that change the air mass flow are studied. The effective air mass ratio is defined as the air mass flow divided by the mixture mass flow, and also it is applied to the estimation of the inlet air mass flow. The presence of the gaseous fuel and the water vapor in the mixture reduces the air partial pressure and the effective air mass ratio of the gaseous-fuel engines. The Experimental results for an LPG engine show that the estimation of the inlet ai mass flow based upon the effective air mass ratio is more accurate than that of the normal air mass flow.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2003

Air partial pressure ratio and inlet air mass flow are influenced by water vapor and gaseous fuel in mixture on Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) engines. In this paper, the effects of the water vapor and the gaseous fuel that change the air mass flow and the air-fuel ratio are studied. Effective air mass ratio is defined as the air mass flow divided by mixture mass flow, and also it is applied to the estimation of the inlet air mass flow and the air-fuel ratio. The presence of the gaseous fuel and the water vapor in the mixture reduces the air partial pressure and the effective air mass ratio of the CNG engines. The experimental results for the CNG engine show that estimation of the air-fuel ratio based upon the effective air mass ratio is more accurate than that of a normal mode.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.690-696
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• 2003

This paper presents the heat recovery performance of water fluidized-bed heat exchanger. Temperature and humidity ratio of waste gas are considered as important parameters in this study. Therefore, the heat recovery rate through water fluidized-bed heat exchanger for exhaust gases with various temperatures and humidity ratios can be estimated from the results of this study. Mass flow ratio (the ratio of mass flow rate of water to that of gas) and temperature of inlet water are also considered as important operating variables. Increase of heat recovery rate can be obtained through either high mass flow ratio or low temperature of inlet water with resultant low recovered temperature. The heat recovery performance with the mass flow ratio of about up to 10 has been investigated. The effect of number of stages of water fluidized-bed on the heat recovery performance has been also examined in this study.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.658-668
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• 1999

The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of experimental parameters on the hydrodynamic characteristics in a horizontal tee-type evaporator using R-22. The experimental apparatus consisted of an unheated tee-type test section, a liquid-vapor separator, a preheated, mass flow meters, a plate heat exchanger, pump, and other measurement devices. The experimental parameters were mass flux(500 and 600kg/$m^2$s), inlet quality(0.1~0.3) and separation ratio(0.3~0.7). Absolute pressure at the inlet of the test section was 0.652 MPa. The branch-to-inlet inner diameter ratio was 0.61. Pressure gradient at the branch section was larger than that at the run section at the same separation ratio. Pressure drop per unit length increased at the run section and decreased at the branch section as the separation ratio increased. Pressure drop predicted by the separated flow model agreed with experimental data within -35 to +16%. Generally, predicted values showed similar trend with the data. Mass flow ratio of vapor refrigerant was affected by the inlet quality more than the mass flux.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제39권10호
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• pp.817-824
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• 2015

본 논문은 수직 오리피스 노즐의 유동 및 물질전달 특성에 대한 실험적 연구를 목적으로 한다. 구동유체 및 부유체의 유량, 용존산소 농도 그리고 소비 전력을 측정하였으며, 고속 카메라를 이용한 직접 촬영 기법으로 수직 혼합유동의 가시화 이미지를 획득하였다. 측정자료를 이용하여 질량비, 총괄 산소전달 계수 그리고 물질전달 성능계수를 도출하였다. 구동압력이 증가하면 질량비는 약간 감소하는 반면에, 산소전달 계수와 소비전력은 증가하였다. 구동압력이 증가하고 질량비가 작아지면, 기포의 미세화가 촉진되고 확산도가 증대되기 때문에 산소 전달율이 증가하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2016

호기성 수처리 과정의 폭기에 소요되는 에너지의 이용효율을 높이기 위해서는 물질전달 특성뿐만 아니라 소요동력에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문은 수직 2 상 유동 및 물질전달 특성에 미치는 오리피스 노즐형상과 소요동력의 영향에 대한 실험적 연구를 목적으로 한다. 측정 변수들을 이용하여 유량비, 소요동력, 물질전달 계수 그리고 물질전달 효율을 산출하였다. 소요동력이 커지면 물질전달 계수는 증가하는 반면에 유량비와 물질전달 효율은 감소하였다. 무차원 면적비가 작은 오리피스 노즐의 유량비, 물질전달 계수 및 효율이 높게 나타났다. 물질전달 특성에 미치는 유량비, 소요동력 그리고 프라우드 수의 영향을 평가하기 위한 실험식을 제시하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2803-2810
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• 2007

Three dimensional numerical studies were carried out to investigate the effect of aspect ratio on gas slip flow in rectangular microchannels. We focused on aspect ratio effect on slip velocity, pressure distribution and mass flow rate. As aspect ratio decreases the wall slip velocity also decreases. As a result nonlinearity of pressure distribution increases. The slip velocities on sides and top/bottom walls are different and this difference decreases with increasing aspect ratio. These two velocities are equal when aspect ratio is 1. The ratios of slip mass flow rate over noslip mass flow rate increases with increasing aspect ratios.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2016

Coefficient of performance (COP) for two-stage compression system is investigated in this paper to develop seawater ice machine. The system performance is analyzed with respect to degrees of superheating and subcooling, condensing and evaporating temperatures, compression and mechanical efficiencies and mass flow ratio in an inter-cooler. The main results are summarized as follows : The COP of the system grows when the mass flow ratio, subcooling degree and evaporating temperature edge up. Contrariwise, the system performance descends in case that superheating degree and condensing temperature increase. The most effective factor for the COP is the mass flow rate ratio. Each refrigerant has different limitation for a value of the mass flow ratio in the inter-cooler because of difference in material property.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.419-430
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• 1999

Measurements of local blowing ratio and ammonia-diazo flow visualizations have been conducted for a shower-head film cooling on a first-stage turbine stator. In this study, six rows of normal holes are drilled symmetrically on the semicircular leading edge of a simulated blunt body. The measurements show that for an average blowing ratio based on freestream velocity, M, of 0.5, local average mass flow rate through the first two rows of the holes is less than those through the second and third two rows of the holes, and the fraction of mass flow rate through the first two rows to total mass flow rate has a tendency to increase with the increment of M. The flow visualizations reveal that the injection through the first two row results in inferior film coverage even In the case of M = 0.5, meanwhile the row of holes situated at farther downstream location provides higher film-cooling performances for all tested M. This is because film-cooling effectiveness depends on local mainflow velocity at the hole location as well as the mass flow rate through each row.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.554-560
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• 2005

A new method to improve the efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell system was introduced by using variable sonic/supersonic ejectors. To obtain the variable area ratio of the nozzle throat to ejector throat which controls the mass flow rate of the suction flow, the ejectors used a movable cylinder inserted into a conventional ejector-diffuser system. Experiments were carried out to understand the flow characteristics inside the variable ejector system. The secondary mass flow rates of subsonic and supersonic ejectors were examined by varying the operating pressure ratio and area ratio. The results showed that the variable sonic/supersonic ejectors could control the recirculation ratio by changing the throat area ratio, and also showed that the recirculation ratio increased fur the variable sonic ejector and decreased for the variable supersonic ejector, as the throat area ratio increases.