• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2007

Objectives : This study presents a high performance liquid chromatography - electrospray ionization-mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS) methods for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of various active components in Samul-tang, which is composed of four crude herbs. Methods : HPLC-ESI-MS/MS for the determinations of paeoniflorin and 5-HMF (5-hydroxymethyl 2-furaldehyde) in the Samul-tang, the separation method was performed on an COSMOS1L 5C18-AR-Il (2.0 X 150 mm I.D.) column by gradient elution with 0.1% acetic acid and 5% CH3CN in water (A)-0.1% acetic acid and 5% H20 in CH3CN (B) as the mobile phase at a flow-rate of 300 ${\mu}L/min$ with detection at quadrupole mass spectrometer. The all marker substances were always detected as the base peaks in the positive ion mode. Results : The paeoniflorin of Paeoniae Radix in Samul-tang showed a strong base peak [M+H2O]+ in the positive detection mode to give the following as; paeoniflorin (498.109 [M+H2O]+, 479.8 [M]+, 301 [M-glucose]+, 179.3 [glucose]+). Based on the HPLC retnetion time and MS of standard compounds confirmed the identity of active compounds in Rehmanniae Radix Preparata as follows; 5-HMF (127.0[M+H]+, 109.3 [M-OH]+) in the positive ion mode. Conclusion : According to the above results, HPLC-ESI-MS method permits assignment of tentative structures such as paeoniflorin and 5-HMF in the Samul-tang.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2011

For precise identification of a Lactobacillus K1 isolate, LC-MS/MS analysis of the putative surface layer protein was performed. The results obtained from LTQ-FT-ICR mass spectrometry confirmed that the analyzed protein spot is the surface layer protein originating from Lb. helveticus species. Moreover, the identified protein has the highest similarity with the surface layer protein from Lb. helveticus R0052. To evaluate the proteomic study, multilocus sequence analysis of selected housekeeping gene sequences was performed. Combination of 16S rRNA sequencing with partial sequences for the genes encoding the RNA polymerase alpha subunit (rpoA), phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase alpha subunit (pheS), translational elongation factor Tu (tuf), and Hsp60 chaperonins (groEL) also allowed to classify the analyzed isolate as Lb. helveticus. Further classification at the strain level was achieved by sequencing of the slp gene. This gene showed 99.8% identity with the corresponding slp gene of Lb. helveticus R0052, which is in good agreement with data obtained by nano-HPLC coupled to an LTQ-FT-ICR mass spectrometer. Finally, LC-MS/MS analysis of surface layer proteins extracted from three other Lactobacillus strains proved that the proposed method is the appropriate molecular tool for the identification of S-layer-possessing lactobacilli at the species and even strain levels.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1076-1080
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• 2008

Glucagon, a peptide hormone produced by alpha-cells of Langerhans islets, is a physiological antagonist of insulin and stimulator of its secretion. In order to improve its bioactivity, we modified its structure at the C-terminus by amidation catalyzed by a recombinant amidase in bacterial cells. The human gene coding for glucagon-gly was PCR amplified using three overlapping primers and cloned together with a rat ${\alpha}$-amidase gene in plasmid pMGA. Both genes were expressed under control of the strong constitutive promoter of aph and secretion signal melC1 in Streptomyces lividans. With Phenyl-Sepharose 6 FF, Q-Sepharose FF, SP-Sepharose FF chromatographies and HPLC, the peptide was purified to about 93.4% purity. The molecular mass of the peptide is 3.494 kDa as analyzed by MALDI TOF, which agrees with the theoretical mass value of the C-terminal amidated glucagon. The N-terminal sequence of the peptide was also determined, confirming its identity with human glucagon at the N-terminal part. ELISA showed that the purified peptide amide is bioactive in reacting with glucagon antibodies.

• 복식
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• 제37권
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• pp.211-230
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• 1998

Advertisements provide consumers with in-formation and knowledge about products and help a society to sustain homogeneity by actively reflecting important characteristics of mass culture. Yet this reflection is a selective and purposeful representation by the party of the fashion manufactures and carries the intention of stimulating and augmenting desire for commodities aiming to perpetuate capitalism. This study understood this selective reflection of mass culture by advertisements as a feature of hegemonic struggle between/fashion business and consumers and defined the values selected by advertisements as ideologies supporting the consumption ideology of capitalism. The purpose of this study was to examine the contents of the ideologies expressed in the clothing advertisements in women's magazines to persuade consumers into consumption. The method of study was mainly qualitative with subsidiary citations from the results of content analysis. The objects of analysis were clothing advertisements in 1996 issues of CeCi and Woman Sense, which were identified as the two most popular women's monthly magazines. The ideologies identified were ideologies concerning (1) Self Identity, (2) Sensibility, (3) Sex Role, (4) Globalism, (5) Youth, (6) Leas-ure and Pleasure. Repeated and insisted as natural and true, there values were proposed to be believed as common senses and studies re-port that values of advertisements are ac-cepted as more readily as they are more unreasonable, and the acts and behaviors expres-sed within advertisements are often imitated in real life situations. Therefore, it is highly probable that these values emphasized within advertisements are enacted in thoughts and behaviors of consumers' real life. Accordingly the author suggests that critical interpretation of advertisements is seriously required to fully understand the commodity ridden post industrial society of today and to lead a subjective life within it.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2004

The common pathogen Salmonella enteirtidis (S. enteritidis) is the major cause of foodborne disease. Protein identification by peptide mass fingerprinting using the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of fight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) can analysis unambiguously identity the spots from 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gel. In this report, we examined protein components from patterns of S. enteritidis proteins. In addition, antigens that are recognized by sera can be identified by immunoblotting. This study that 2-DE analysis of S. enteritidis yields useful information concerning S. enteritidis proteome, the results that have been obtained led to a more detailed understanding of Salmonella pathology and open further interesting fields for future work.

• 복식
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2008

Considering that star reflects the image of current society, analyzing fashion of celebrity is to read ideal type and demands of beauty of the era. Especially the rock music-represents youth culture that last on present day-born in 1960's, and it is considered to a significant decade in pop music history. Thus this research will analysis rock star's fashions in iconological view of E. Panofsky. The aim of this document is Clarifying how the fashion of pop stars appeared and what formed its worth. As a result of analyzing fashions of rock star in 1960's, it is available to find these sameness and difference. The Mods borrowed images of the past, and introduce the elite modernism and shows very urban style. The Folky and the Psychedelic showed post-structuralism propensity against industrial society, in the case of the Folky it induced styles that symbolize labor class to realize social worth. And as an aftereffect of war and repulsion of commercial worth, they embody nature-returning peasant look so that it shows pastoral mood in total. The Psychedelic express somewhat struggling escapism and it generated illusionary images with quests to superego and glorification to psychedelic status. The Folky and the Psychedelic are same in the side of introducing existentialism, this occurred by using ethnic factor. But the Folky showed plain outlook by pop propensity, on the other hand, the Psychedelic showed magnificent outlook such as optical art, pop art, and futurism ought to express merrymaking culture. And common feature of these is introduction of unisex mod which is came after the change of gender role. Thus each star or group has professed special ideology into their culture and it is reflected to acts which is including music and dress style. This affair is analyzed like these two things. The mass of people schemes their identity with inducing special ideology to their culture at the first. And the purpose to archive cultural hegemony in inter-social class at the next.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2012

A novel gene coding for an endo-${\beta}$-1,4-mannanase (manA) from Bacillus subtilis strain G1 was cloned and overexpressed in P. pastoris GS115, and the enzyme was purified and characterized. The manA gene consisted of an open reading frame of 1,092 nucleotides, encoding a 364-aa protein, with a predicted molecular mass of 41 kDa. The ${\beta}$-mannanase showed an identity of 90.2-92.9% ${\leq}95%$) with the corresponding amino acid sequences from B. subtilis strains deposited in GenBank. The purified ${\beta}$-mannanase was a monomeric protein on SDS-PAGE with a specific activity of 2,718 U/mg and identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The recombinant ${\beta}$-mannanase had an optimum temperature of $45^{\circ}C$ and optimum pH of 6.5. The enzyme was stable at temperatures up to $50^{\circ}C$ (for 8 h) and in the pH range of 5-9. EDTA and most tested metal ions showed a slightly to an obviously inhibitory effect on enzyme activity, whereas metal ions ($Hg^{2+}$, $Pb^{2+}$, and $Co^{2+}$) substantially inhibited the recombinant ${\beta}$-mannanase. The chemical additives including detergents (Triton X-100, Tween 20, and SDS) and organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, and acetone) decreased the enzyme activity, and especially no enzyme activity was observed by addition of SDS at the concentrations of 0.25-1.0% (w/v) or n-butanol at the concentrations of 20-30% (v/v). These results suggested that the ${\beta}$-mannanase expressed in P. pastoris could potentially be used as an additive in the feed for monogastric animals.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.667-674
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• 2011

The gene for esterase (rEst1) was isolated from a new species of genus Rheinheimera by functional screening of E. coli cells transformed with the pSMART/HaeIII genomic library. E. coli cells harboring the esterase gene insert could grow and produce clear halo zones on tributyrin agar. The rEst1 ORF consisted of 1,029 bp, corresponding to 342 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 37 kDa. The signal P program 3.0 revealed the presence of a signal peptide of 25 amino acids. Esterase activity, however, was associated with a homotrimeric form of molecular mass 95 kDa and not with the monomeric form. The deduced amino acid sequence showed only 54% sequence identity with the closest lipase from Cellvibrio japonicus strain Ueda 107. Conserved domain search and multiple sequence alignment revealed the presence of an esterase/ lipase conserved domain consisting of a GXSXG motif, HGGG motif (oxyanion hole) and HGF motif, typical of the class IV hormone sensitive lipase family. On the basis of the sequence comparison with known esterases/ lipases, REst1 represents a new esterase belonging to the class IV family. The purified enzyme worked optimally at $50^{\circ}C$ and pH 8, utilized pNP esters of short chain lengths, and showed best catalytic activity with p-nitrophenyl butyrate ($C_4$), indicating that it was an esterase. The enzyme was completely inhibited by PMSF and DEPC and showed moderate organotolerance.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

The universe is thought to be filled with not only Standard Model (SM) matters but also dark matters. Dark matter is thought to play a major role in its construction. However, the identity of dark matter is as yet unknown, with various search methods from astrophysical observartion to particle collider experiments. Because of the cross-section that is a thousand times smaller than SM particles, dark matter research requires a large amount of data processing. Therefore, optimization and parallelization in High Performance Computing is required. Dark matter in hypothetical hidden sector is though to be connected to dark photons which carries forces similar to photons in electromagnetism. In the recent analysis, it was studied using the decays of a dark photon at collider experiments. Based on this, we studies double dark photon decays at lepton colliders. The signal channels are e⁺e^- → A'A' and e⁺e^- → A'A'γ where dark photon A' decays dimuon. These signal channels are based on the theory that dark photons only decay into heavily charged leptons, which can explain the muon magnetic momentum anomaly. We scanned the cross-section according to the dark photon mass in experiments. MadGraph5 was used to generate events based on a simplified model. Additionally, to get the maximum expected number of events for the double dark photon channel, the detector efficiency for several center of mass (CM) energy were studied using Delphes and MadAnalysis5 for performance comparison. The results of this study will contribute to the search for double dark photon channels at lepton colliders.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.656-664
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in bovine longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle by liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS). LT muscles taken from Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) steer (n=3) used to separate myosin bands by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The peptide queries were obtained from the myosin bands by LC-MS/MS analysis following in-gel digestion with trypsin. A total of 33 and 43 queries were identified as common and unique peptides, respectively, of MHC isoforms (individual ions scores >43 indicate identity or extensive homology, p<0.05). MHC-1 (IIx), -2 (IIa), -4 (IIb), and -7 (slow/I) were identified based on the Mowse score (5118, 3951, 2526, and 2541 for MHC-1, -2, -4, and -7, respectively). However, more analysis is needed to confirm the expression of MHC-4 in bovine LT muscle because any query identified as a unique peptide of MHC-4 was not found. The queries that were identified as unique peptides could be used as peptide markers to confirm MHC-1 (14 queries), -2 (8 queries), and -7 (21 queries) in bovine LT muscle; no query identified as a unique peptide of MHC-4 was found. LC-MS/MS analysis is a useful approach to study MHC isoforms at the protein level.