• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 2021

The worldwide coronavirus pandemic has brought to light the importance of having a reliable supply of masks for each person. This study aims to understand the effect of personal awareness (including community, others', and safety awareness) on consumption conformity and the repurchase intention of masks. The research method used the SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical systems to analyze descriptive statistics in terms of reliability, validity, structural equation modeling, and moderated regression analysis. A total of 272 Chinese participants were recruited via an online survey website (www.sojump.com) from May 1 to May 14, 2020. Findings indicated that mask users' awareness can be categorized into three distinct types: community, others', and safety awareness. The more community and safety awareness is perceived, the higher the level of consumption conformity. In contrast, others' has no statistical effect on consumption conformity or repurchase intention. The positive influence of consumption conformity on the repurchase intention of masks is also weaker than price perception. However, another moderating variable, mask quality, has no moderating effect. The results of this study can help mask manufacturers and distributors retain their customers, resulting in reasonable protective measures while maintaining market order. Theoretical and managerial implications for mask suppliers are also provided.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.62-63
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• 2003

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.239-248
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• 1995

The method of increasing signal to noise ratio (SNR) in a Hadamard transform spectrometer (HTS) is multiplexing. The multiplexing is executed by a mask. Conventional masks are mechanical or electro-optical. A mechanical mask has disadvantages of jamming and misalignment. A stationary electro-optical mask has a disadvantage of information losses caused by spacers which partition mask elements. In this paper, a mixed-concept electro-optical mask (MCEOM) is developed by expanding the length of a spacer to that of lon-off mask element. An MCEOM is operated by stepping a movable mask. 2N measurements are required for N spectrum estimates. The average mean square error (AMSE) using MCEQM is equal to that using a stationary electro-optical mask without spacers for large N. The cost of manufacturing an MCEOM is lower than that of producing a conventional electro-optical mask because an MCEOM needs only (N + 1)/2 on-off mask elements whereas the con¬ventional electro-optical mask needs N on-off mask elements. There are no information losses in the spectrometers having an MCEOM.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.116-131
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• 2022

This study used text mining to analyze big data to understand consumers' demand for and perceptions of fashion masks. Based on the text-mining analysis results, a survey was conducted with those living in Korea to investigate the influence of consumers' mask selection criteria on mask brand awareness and purchase intention for fashion masks. "Fashion mask" and "functional mask" were used as the keywords in a text-mining analysis, and an online survey of 242 respondents was conducted. The analysis results were as follows: First, the text-mining analysis extracted commonly appearing words that had a high frequency and TF-IDF, such as "COVID-19," "fashion," "celebrity," "antibacterial," and "filter." This confirmed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, consumers have demanded masks that are both functional and fashionable. Second, among consumers' mask selection criteria, trend and design had positive effects on face-mask brand awareness. Third, face-mask brand awareness had a positive effect on the purchase intention for both brand and fashion masks, and the purchase intention for brand masks had a positive effect on the purchase intention for fashion masks.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.289-296
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to changes in respiratory function due to differences in mask blocking grade, and effects on cardiovascular function during aerobic exercise. Design: Comparative study using paired t-test and analysis of variance measures. Methods: Male and female subjects were randomly divided into 4 groups according to mask blocking grade and measured respiratory functions before and after wearing the mask using spirometers, and their cardiovascular capabilities were measured using pulse oxygen meters and blood pressure meters before and after running for 10 minutes wearing mask. Used paired t-test, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test to compare the differences according to the mask blocking grade. Results: The experimental results verified that three groups except for the Non-mask group had a significant reduction in all values of FVC, FEV1, MVV, and PEF after wearing a mask compared to those before wearing a mask(p<0.05). Also a significant difference in cardiovascular functions was also observed after aerobic exercises wearing mask in all groups and there was a significant difference between all four groups(p<0.05). Conclusions: Lung patients with poor breathing, elderly and children with poor lung function, and professional groups who need to wear masks and take high-intensity work or aerobic movements are encouraged to take frequent breaks in advance, wear masks and social distancing at moderate and low levels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.460-465
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• 2002

The nonlinear vibration of the CRT shadow mask is analyzed in consideration of the V-shaped tension distribution and the effect of wire impact damping. The reduced order FEM model of the shadow mask is obtained from dynamic condensation for the mass and stiffness matrices. Damping wire is modeled using the lumped parameter method to effectively describe its contact interactions with the shadow mask. The nonlinear contact-impact model is composed of spring and damper elements, of which parameters are determined from the Hertzian contact theory and the restitution coefficient, respectively. The analysis model of the shadow mask with damping wires is experimentally verified through impact tests of shadow masks performed in a vacuum chamber. Using the validated analysis model of the shadow mask with damping wires, the‘design of experiments’technique is applied to search fur the optimal damping wire configuration so that the vibration attenuation of the shadow mask is maximized.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.63-76
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to design a training program for utilization of 3D special makeup mask program. This study was conducted with a 3D computer graphics software program, for special makeup mask using a variety of creative educational models and case study with comparative analysis. The makeup program applied to the majors and liberal arts classes for program design. Inthis study, the selected major courses included ' stage make up ', make up application', and illustrations and color '. Students were required to take a class targeted to questionnaire completion and analysis. The research method included literature search, and Internet navigation, of experimental research. The research targeted select college students attending a 4-year university located in Dae-jeon, Korea. ETRI's "3D mask special makeup simulation program" was used in support. A survey of the study conducted from September 1, 2013, to August 30, 2014, showed a total of 94 additional statistical analyses. First, grade 3 44.6% was attained by 91.7% of the first year student majoring in liberal arts classes, Second, students' in the 3D special dress up mask program Interestingly, attained high recognition in its mastering, usability, and creativity. Furthermore, the major student satisfaction was higher for the '3D special makeup mask program. Third, students '3D special dress up was one of the biggest advantages of the program', the mask ' that models 3D ' faces. In addition, the student's delicate dress called for critical technology skills. It is thought to be suitable for practical training and improving the efficiency and performance if applied to universities and beauty schools, such as the regular high school curriculum through research.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.348-352
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• 2008

Deformation of the shadow mask is one of the problems encountered during the deposition of organic materials for manufacturing large size organic light emitting diode (OLED). The larger the glass substrate, the larger the shadow mask becomes. As the size of the shadow mask increases, its deformation becomes more severe, thereby making it difficult to deposit organic materials in a precise pattern on a substrate. In this paper, a new method for reducing drooping of the shadow mask for large size OLED vapor depositions is proposed. The proposed shadow mask with cross stripe wires has higher stiffness than the pure shadow mask, which results in reducing drooping of the shadow mask. A commercial FEM program, ANSYS, is used for the evaluation of the proposed shadow mask. The analysis showed that the shadow mask with cross stripe wires have an effect on reducing drooping about 18.6% or more.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1361-1370
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• 2006

An electronic beam mis-landing phenomenon on the RGB (red/green/blue) -fluorescent surface has been considered as one of serious problems to be solved in cathode-ray tube (CRT), which is generally caused by mechanical shock and vibration. In this work, structural design concepts on the major parts of the CRT, such as a frame, a shadow mask, and a spring, are studied to improve the mechanical shockproof character of a CRT by FEM-analyses and experimental approaches ; a frame is newly designed to have strength employing the double-corner-beads which reduces considerably the distortion of the frame and the shadow mask : the edge-bead of a shadow-mask is redesigned to maintain the wide curved surface of a shadow-mask after mechanical shock : finally, a spring supporting the frame and the shadow-mask is designed to have enough flexibility along drop-direction. As an example, a conventional type of a 15inch CRT was utilized to demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of this work. Overall, some favorable information on the structural design of the CRT is achieved, and the mechanical shockproof character of a 15-inch CRT is improved in the degree of 3G $(1G=9.81m/s^2)$ as an average-value.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.345-352
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• 1997

Recently, in designing optical mask such as 4GDRAM, the scattering effect of electromagnetic wave must be considered. For this reason we claculated directly the mask function using the finite difference time domain(FDTD) method. The modification of image theory with this new mask function could explain clearly the scattering effect at the etched side wall of the submicron optical mask. The characteristics of the various type of alternating PSM were investigated. According to the simulation, the dual wet etch process was the most useful fabrication technique to overcoe the light scattering off at the shifted opening.