• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.255-261
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to analyze transport ability of Automated Guided Vehicle(AGV) and Double Stack Vehicle(DSV) at Automated Container Terminal(ACT). Usually, the main difference of AGV and DSV is capacity of container that they can transport between apron and yard block at once. AGV can carry out two 20 feet or one 40 feet maritime containers, but DSV can carry out four 20 feet or two 40 feet maritime containers. Therefore, DSV may improve more efficiency of stevedoring system of container terminal. In this paper, a simulation model using a graphics simulation system is developed to compare the proposed DSV with the current AGV at automated container terminal. The paper includes examples, performance tests and a discussion of simulation results.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.23-44
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• 2022

Purpose - Recent issues such as vessel enlargement, strengthening of environmental regulations, and port smartization are expected to increase costs and intensify competition in the port industry. In the new normal era, when external growth has reached its limit, the efficient operation of ports is becoming indispensable for achieving sustainable growth. This study aims to identify the determinants of inefficiency by examining the cost structure and efficiency of container terminals in Korea and furthermore propose the political implications to derive the maximization of efficiency. Design/methodology - This study estimates the cost function of container terminal operators and identifies the efficiency of container terminals using stochastic cost frontier (SCF) in the first stage. In the second step, the SCF results are compared with the data envelopment analysis (DEA). Last, this paper proposes efficiency determinants on container terminal operation to establish appropriate strategies. Out of the 29 container terminal operators in South Korea, 13 operators participated in the survey. The translog cost function was estimated utilizing a total of 116 observations collected over the 2007-2017 period. Findings - Empirical analysis shows that economies of scale exist in Korea's container ports, which provides a rationale for the government's policy to establish the global terminal operator by integrating small terminal operators to enhance competitiveness. In addition, as a result of the determinants analysis, container throughput, weight of direct employment costs, and labour cost share have positive effects on improving cost efficiency, while inefficiency increases as the length of quay increases. More specifically, cost efficiency improves as the proportion of direct employment costs to outsourcing service costs increases. Originality/value - This study contributes to analyzing the inefficiency factors of container terminals through efficiency analysis with respect to a cost function. In addition, this study proposes the practical and political implications, such as establishing a long-term manpower pool, the application of the hybrid liner terminal system, and the construction of a statistical data system, to improve the cost inefficiency of terminal operators.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.741-748
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• 2006

Number of researches on efficient terminal operation system applying RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) are in progress. However, RFID has limitations on tracking and providing accurate positions of containers. In this paper, to enhance the performance of the integrated terminal operation system, an efficient loading management of yard is proposed by applying RFID based RTLS(Real Time Locating System) that provides real time accurate positions of containers. It was found that a group based sequence system is more efficient than the existing individual sequence number system in the container yard In the group based sequence system, the containers in the same group should have similar characteristics such as port of destination(POD), size, weight, etc. In order to run this system, we proposed the parameters to the unspecified N bytes of RFID tag which are specified in ISO 18000 7. And then, we developed an integrated operation system of container terminal using RFID. The proposed system reduces the ship turnaround time in ubiquitous port environments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.289-295
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• 2004

The objective of this paper is to analyze the equipment combination of stevedoring system at port container terminal. In general, the productivity of container terminal is evaluated by productivity of container cranes at apron, but there are other equipment such as transport vehicles and yard cranes. Therefore, a method that can estimate the optimal equipment combination of stevedoring system in container terminal is required. We perform various simulation experiment and analyze equipment combination to improve the productivity. From the application of the case study, we demonstrated the savings effect using mean waiting time rates by the equipment combination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.343-348
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• 2006

Number of researches on efficient terminal operation system applying RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) are on progress. However, RFID has limitations on tracking and providing accurate positions of containers. In this paper, to enhance the performance of the integrated terminal operation system, an efficient loading management of yard is proposed by applying RFID-based RTLS(Real Time Locating System) that provides real-time accurate positions of containers. We found that a group-based sequence system is more efficient than the existing individual sequence number system in the container yard. In the group-based sequence system, the containers in the same group should have similar characteristics such as port of destination(POD), size, weight, etc. In order to run this system, we have proposed the parameters to the unspecified N bytes of RFID tag which are specified in ISO 18000-7. And, this paper proposed a development of integrated operation system of container terminal using RFID for reducing the ship turnaround time in ubiquitous port environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.339-344
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• 2006

The productivity for container hand1ing in container ship is a important role in container terminal, and it is mainly depended on the productivity of gantry crane. From the failure of gantry crane, the crane will be stopped until the repair of the failure. During the repair, the loading and/or discharging for container ship is suspended, and the productivities of the container ship and the yard is just hold. Thus, the prevention maintenance is importance to make a keep the steady state condition for all equipments in container terminal. In this paper, we deal with a optimal determination method of prevention maintenance interval for gantry crane systems. For verification, we will make a productivity of gantry crane and adapt to total container handling in each ship by simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.131-132
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• 2009

The container terminal can be divided into berth-side, yard area and gate. Until now, many studies related to the improvement of the terminal operation efficiency have been focused on berth and yard productivity. With regard to gate operation, existing studies were examined from hardware perspectives such as non-stop system using RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) or OCR(Optical Character Reader). Relatively little research has been curried out on the improvement of the gate in/out process. In this regard, this paper proposes the method to improve the terminal operation efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 2009

This paper intended to find rational alternatives for contracting-out of duties of the Busan port Pier Management Corporation, which is facing the merger and abolition, and of which main functions include the management of port facilities such as International Passenger Terminal, Cruise Terminal and Coast Passenger Terminal. This paper searched appropriate term, needs (merits), proper scope and cost of the contracting-out of that port facilities. The result of the analysis indicated that the best policy is to privatize the Busan port Pier Management Corporation itself to make it an private incorporated company.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.95-103
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• 2009

This paper intended to find rational alternatives for contracting-out of duties of the Busan port Pier Management Corporation. tint is facing the merger and abolition, and whose main functions include the management of port facilities such as International Passenger Terminal, Cruise Terminal, and Coast Passenger Terminal. For this purpose. the paper searched appropriate term, needs (merits), proper scope and cost if the contracting-out of that port facilities. The result of the analysis indicated that the best policy is to privatize the Busan port Pier Management Corporation itself to make it an private incorporated company.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.487-492
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• 2005

Domestic Container Terminals have a problem of Yard Planning to load containers at terminal storage because of the narrow yard area, incorrectness of container information and late transmission of information. So this paper has an object that is a plan to use the gate and the storage of container terminal. After the information of vehicle and container is collected in advance by RFID(Radio Frequence Identification) doing active research now.