• Strategy21
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• s.31
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• pp.220-250
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• 2013

South Korean national security strategy should be developed to effectively handle and counter increasing maritime threats and challenges. There are three major maritime threats South Korea faces today; maritime disputes on the EEZ boundary and Dokdo islet issues, North Korean threats, and international maritime security. Maritime disputes in the region are getting intensified and turned into a military confrontation after 2010. Now regional countries confront each other with military and police forces and use economic leverage to coerce the others. They are very eager to create advantageous de facto situations to legitimize their territorial claims. North Korean threat is also increasing in the sea as we witnessed in the Cheonan incident and Yeonpyoung shelling in 2010. North Korea resorts to local provocations and nuclear threats to coerce South Korea in which it may enjoy asymmetric advantages. The NLL area of the west sea would be a main hot spot that North Korea may continue to make a local provocation. Also, South Korean national economy is heavily dependent upon foreign trade and national strategic resources such as oil are all imported. Without an assurance on the safety of sea routes, these economic activities cannot be maintained and expanded. This paper argues that South Korea should make national maritime strategy and enhance the strength of naval forces. As a middle power, its national security strategy needs to consider all the threats and challenges not only from North Korea but also to maritime security. This is not a matter of choice but a mandate for national survival and prosperity. This paper discusses the importance of maritime security, changing characteristics of maritime threats and challenges, regional maritime disputes and its threat to South Korea's security, and South Korea's future security strategy and ways to enhance the role of naval forces. Our national maritime strategy needs to show middle and long term policy directions on how we will protect our maritime interests. Especially, it is important to build proper naval might to carry out all the roles and missions required to the military.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 2007

In analyzing the security threats and their management system and making questions on security awareness to the concerned parties in the field of coastal passenger ship, we draw its security vulnerability and the features of security threats. The countermeasures and security system are proposed in order to response the diverse security threats and to set up the security culture of coastal passenger ship.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.99-104
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• 2003

The maritime security risk has been recognized since the terrorists attacked the world trade center and the Pentagon In this paper, maritime security risk is analyzed on the basis if the data of crime in Korean sea We propose the countermeasures to prevent maritime security threats

• Strategy21
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• s.30
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• pp.63-98
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• 2012

Northeast Asia has a multi-layered security structure within which major economic and military powers both confront one another and cooperate at the same time. Major regional powers maintain mutually cooperative activities in the economic sphere while competing one another in order to secure a dominant position in the politico-military arena. The multifarious threats, posed by the North Korea's nuclear development, territorial disputes, and maritime demarcation line issues demonstrate that Northeast Asia suffers more from military conflicts and strifes than any other region in the world. Specifically, major maritime security threats include North Korea's nuclear proliferation and missile launching problems as well as military provocations nearby the Northern Limit Line(NLL) as witnessed in the Cheonan naval ship and Yeonpyong incidents. The ROK Navy has been supplementing its firm military readiness posture in consideration of North Korea's threats on the NLL. It has performed superb roles in defending the nation and establishing the Navy advanced and best picked. It also has been conducive to defend the nation from external military threats and invasion, secure the sea lanes of communications, and establish regional stability and world peace. In order to effectively cope with the strategic environment and future warfares, the ROK Navy needs to shift its military structure to one that is more information and technology intensive. In addition, it should consolidate the ROK-US alliance and extend military cooperative measures with neighboring countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Evolved steadily for the last 60 years, the ROK-US alliance format has contributed to peace and security on the Korean peninsula and in the Northeast Asian region. In conclusion, this manuscript contends that the ROK Navy should strive for the establishment of the following: (1) Construction of Jeju Naval Base; (2) Strategic Navy Equipped with War Deterrence Capabilities; (3) Korean-type of System of Systems; (4) Structure, Budget and Human Resources of the Naval Forces Similar to the Advanced Countries; and (5) Strategic Maritime Alliance and Alignment System as well as Domestic Governance Network for the Naval Families.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2003

With the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001, the ships and their crew' safety and security have become a major issue in the maritime industries, In high-risk terrorism, not only ship owners and port authorities but also crew members on board should take precautions in the conduct of their business. In this paper, the vulnerability and essential elements in overall security of merchant ship are analyzed with a discussion in depth of the concept and principles of maritime security of merchant ship are analyzed with a discussion in depth of the concept and principles of maritime security management. And then, ship's security model and security system to reduce security rish and to minimize damage are proposed.

• Strategy21
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• s.44
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• pp.142-176
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• 2018

So far, the main threat to South Korea was North Korea. That is why South Korea established a strategy based on the threat of North Korea and most of the budget on defense was used to deter North Korea. Even though the neighboring countries(China, Japan, and Russia) are growing as a real threat with abilities and intentions based on their powerful naval forces, South Korea has not yet been able to establish a strategy that regards neighboring countries as a threat. But the decades-old structural mechanism of the Korean security environment is undergoing a radical change on April 27, 2018, through the South-North summit and the Panmunjom Declaration. Under the changing security environment, South Korea was placed in a complicated dilemma that had to deal with threats of two axes(China), three axes(China, Japan), and four axes(Japan, Russia). If the one axis threat(North Korea) is dominated by land threats, the second, third and fourth axis threats are threats from the sea. This paper analyzed the maritime strategy of Korea within the framework of maritime-geopolitics, in other words recognition and expansion of the sphere of maritime. I have designed that the maritime defense space that we can deny from threats is divided into three lines of defense: 1 line (radius 3,000km), 2 lines (2,000km), and 3 lines (1,000km). The three defense zones of the three lines were defined as an active defense(1 line), defensive offense(2 line), active offense(3 line). The three defense zones of the three lines were defined as the sphere of core maritime, As a power to deny the sphere of core maritime, it was analyzed as a maneuvering unit, a nuclear-powered submarine, the establishment of missile strategy, and the fortification of islands station. The marine strategy of South Korea with these concepts and means was defined as 'Offensive Maritime Denial Strategy'.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.619-625
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• 2005

The security vulnerabilities in Korea maritime domain were mentioned and analysed with the static data of crimes relating to maritime security. The counterterrorism and initiatives to reduce the security risk and to minimize the damage are introduced and evaluated. The maritime security strategy and the near term initiatives to enhance the non-military security at Korean sea and ports are proposed in order to response maritime security threats economically, efficiently and safely.

• Strategy21
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• s.37
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• pp.32-64
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• 2015

This paper examines the types and trends of North Korea's military provocations and regional maritime threats against South Korea, and is focusing on the Republic of Korea's naval development and modernizations by the Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) on future actions, what directions of the ROKN has taken thus far in response, as well as an examination of how the ROKN might respond to vulnerabilities identified throughout modern history. Importantly, this paper does not consider the domestic, bilateral, multilateral, regional and global political dimensions of the situation on the Korean Peninsula; nor does it consider the North Korea's transitional power politics, but including North Korea's nuclear program and submarine-launched ballistic missile developments, as a caveat, this paper is based on open sources in Korean and English language, and thus information concerning provocations is indicative only.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.251-258
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• 2010

The Republic of Korea is the maritime country of which its infrastructure of the country's development is based on maritime trade. This can be easily understood according to degree of dependence upon foreign trade, which is the economic indicator for expressing one country's economic characteristics. In 2008, the degree of dependence upon foreign trade of Korea is 83.5%, and this figure is much higher than that of Japan and China, which is 28.8% and 68% respectively. This in turn means that the development of Korea, and also the security of Korea depends greatly on safety of the sea. On the other hand, there is a growing trend that threats to the maritime security of Korea increases as examples seen in Somalia pirates. Thus we could say that interest on this issue should increase and also measures to counter those threats should be prepared. Also Korea should take the maritime security as important as critical factors as national security, which is similar to military threats from North Korea. Therefore all citizen's interests on the issue should be raised, and organizations that are capable of mutually integrating the functions related to maritime security should be established. Finally, Korea should actively participate international efforts on maritime security, and secure maritime security of our nation therefore contribute to the nation's prosperity and future development.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.7-13
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• 2006

On the analysis of maritime security awareness of people who engage in the fields of domestic passenger ships, the security code is proposed in order to prevent and to response threats of security in the domestic passenger ships.