• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.497-502
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• 2007

선박운항에 있어서, 안전 운항환경 조성과 비용 효율성, 고정확성과 보안을 목적으로 IMO에서는 E-Navigation의 개념이 대두되어, 다양한 전자항해통신기술 서비스를 효율적으로 활용하기 위한 전략적 비전을 제시하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 E-Navigation 서비스를 위한 기반연구로서, 육상 광대역 솔루션의 하나인 Mesh Network를 이용하여 해상 정보네트워크를 설계한다. 구체적인 연구방법으로 먼저 국제적인 항만 네트워크 연구 현황에 대해 분석하고, E-Navigation을 위한 해상 네트워크 요구사항을 분석한다. 그리고 Mesh Network 시스템을 기반으로 하는 해상 정보네트워크를 설계하여 그 유용성을 살펴본다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.523-529
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• 2011

In this paper an inter-layer protocol, referred to as a Multi-Network Selector (MNS) is proposed for multiband maritime networks. A MNS is located between the data-link layer and the network layer and performs vertical handover when a ship moves another radio network. In order to provide seamless data transfer to different radio networks, the MNS uses received signal strength (RSS) and ship's location information as decision parameters for vertical handover, which can avoid ping-pong effect and reduces handover latency. In addition, we present related issues in order to implement the MNS for a multiband maritime network.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose an Internet of Things (IoT) platform for ocean observation buoys. The proposed system consists of various sensor modules, a gateway, and a remote monitoring site. In order to integrate sensor modules with various communications interfaces, we propose a controller area network (CAN)-based sensor data packet and a protocol for the gateway. The proposed scheme supports the registration and management of sensor modules so as to make it easier for the buoy system to manage various sensor modules. Also, in order to extend communication coverage between ocean observation buoys and the monitoring site, we implement a multi-hop relay network based on a mesh network that can provide greater communication coverage than conventional buoy systems. In addition, we verify the operation of the implemented multi-hop relay network by measuring the received signal strength indication between buoy nodes and by observing the collected data from the deployed buoy systems via our monitoring site.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.314-322
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• 2009

Nowadays, maritime communication systems need high data rate, reliability, and consistency in order to equivalently provide navigating ships with diverse multimedia services as in terrestrial communication systems. For this purpose, we conceptualize and design the maritime network for ships equipped with a multiband communication system which cost-effectively supports multimedia services according to several radiofrequency bands, such as HF, VHF, and satellite frequencies. We also introduce two service scenarios targeted for the maritime network; ship multimedia service (SMS) and real-time maritime logistics location tracking (RML2T). In addition, we specify related works according to three lower network layers (i.e., physical, data-link, and network layers) upon designing the network.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.906-915
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• 2016

In this study, a network monitoring system, including a secure 460-Network and a 460-Gateway, is designed and developed according with the requirements of the IEC (International Electro-Technical Commission) 61162-460 network standard for the safety and security of networks on board ships. At present, internal or external unauthorized access to or malicious attack on a ship's on board systems are possible threats to the safe operation of a ship's network. To secure the ship's network, a 460-Network was designed and implemented by using a 460-Switch, 460-Nodes, and a 460-Gateway that contains firewalls and a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) with various application servers. In addition, a 460-firewall was used to block all traffic from unauthorized networks. 460-NMS (Network Monitoring System) is a network-monitoring software application that was developed by using an simple network management protocol (SNMP) SharpNet library with the .Net 4.5 framework and a backhand SQLite database management system, which is used to manage network information. 460-NMS receives network information from a 460-Switch by utilizing SNMP, SNMP Trap, and Syslog. 460-NMS monitors the 460-Network load, traffic flow, current network status, network failure, and unknown devices connected to the network. It notifies the network administrator via alarms, notifications, or warnings in case any network problem occurs. Once developed, 460-NMS was tested both in a laboratory environment and for a real ship network that had been installed by the manufacturer and was confirmed to comply with the IEC 61162-460 requirements. Network safety and security issues onboard ships could be solved by designing a secure 460-Network along with a 460-Gateway and by constantly monitoring the 460-Network according to the requirements of the IEC 61162-460 network standard.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.306-311
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• 2017

미래 유비쿼터스 네트워크에서는 정보를 필드의 다양한 센서로부터 데이터를 모집한다. 센서 노드들은 매우 작고 제한된 전력을 가지고 있으나, 센서의 생존시간을 늘이기 위해 보다 에너지 효율적인 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는, 센서 네트워크에서 획득한 데이터나 정보의 전송과 더불어 저전력으로 동작할 수 있는 효과적인 네트워크 라우팅 방안을 제안하고, 가장 연결성이 좋은 센서의 숫자를 확인하여, 센서의 적절한 배치에 도움을 주고자 한다. 본 연구의 이러한 목적은 다양한 해양 정보를 가지고 있는 센서 정보를 취합하기 위한 라우팅 알고리즘 제안과 여러 환경 정보를 가진 여러 센서들을 집적시킨 센서 미들웨어 기법을 개발이다. 또한, 추후 보다 안전한 선박 운항을 위하여, 선박 내 접근하기 힘든 부분을 다양한 전자 장비를 활용하여 센서 네트워크를 구성한 후, 수집된 정보를 선박 통신 표준인 NMEA(the national marine electronics association)를 활용하여 통신 시스템을 구축하고자 본 방안을 제안하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.2736-2750
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• 2022

As demands for the maritime communications increase, a variety of functions and information are required to exchange via elements of maritime systems, which leads communication traffic increases in maritime frequency bands, especially in VHF (Very High Frequency) band. Thus, effective resource management is crucial to the future maritime communication systems not only to the typical terrestrial communication systems. VHF data exchange system (VDES) enables to utilize more flexible configuration according to the communication condition. This paper focuses on the VDES communication system among VDES terminals such as shore stations, ship stations and aids to navigation (AtoN) to address efficient resource allocation. We propose a resource management method considering a MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technique in VDES, which has been widely used for modern terrestrial wireless networks but not for marine environments by scheduling the essential communication resources. We introduce the general channel model in marine environment and give two metrics, spectral and the energy efficiencies to examine our resource scheduling algorithm. Based on the simulation results and analysis, the proposed method provides a possibility to enhance spectral and energy efficiencies. Additionally, we present a trade-off relationship between spectral and energy efficiencies. Furthermore, we examine the resource efficiencies related to the imperfect channel estimation.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 Asia Navigation Conference
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• pp.223-229
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• 2006

This paper compares and analyzes the capabilities and application characteristic between the shipborne AIS and ARPA Radar. AIS base station and VTS Radar, give a brief introduction of the AIS base station network's building and application in China, and give a discussion on the information fusion and technology integrated of ATS and ARPA Radar, AIS base station network and VTS Radar.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2022

The targets of cyber-attacks are not limited to the websites and internal IT systems of shipping agencies. Ships and ports have become important targets for cyber attackers. This paper examines the current state of ship network security, introduces the International Maritime Organization's resolution on ship network security management, and summarizing the cyber-attacks in maritime so the readers can have a general understanding of maritime environment.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.182-189
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 해양관측을 위한 멀티 홉 릴레이 네트워크 기반의 부이 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 다양한 센서 모듈과 게이트웨이, 무선 통신부, 원격 모니터링부로 구성된다. 센서 모듈은 다양한 통신 인터페이스와 통합되고 CAN 버스 기반의 단일화된 프로토콜을 통하여 제안하는 부이 시스템의 게이트웨이와 연결된다. 제안한 시스템은 원격 모니터링 사이트와 무선으로 데이터를 주고 받으며 통신 커버리지를 더욱 확대하기 위하여 LTE 통신 및 XBee 메쉬 네트워크 모듈을 사용한다. 필드 테스트를 통하여 제안하는 다중 홉 릴레이 네트워크 기반의 부이 시스템이 다중 홉을 이용하여 부이의 통신 도달 거리를 더욱 확장할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있다.