• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.696-705
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• 2015

Approximately 4,000 vessels including sea trial ships per day are passing, entering or departing from Korea coastal waterway. Sea trial ships have erratic navigating patterns such as quick turning, crash stop and do not communicate with other vessels in appropriate time, so sea trial ships are often to expose dangerous situation such as collision in heavy traffic area. To identify the sea trial vessel's risk factors, this paper surveyed marine traffic volumes for 7 days in Korea harbour & coastal waterway, and it analyzed marine accident rate and intended to identify the risk degree of passing vessels. After that, this researched how many sea trial ship's traffic and what is the sea trial risk among sea trial items. We also conducted survey questionnaire and identified risk factors of sea trial ship. So this paper aimed to enhance the safety of korea coastal waterway to prevent sea trial ship's marine accident.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.69-80
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• 2023

Ship collision accidents not only cause loss of life and property damage, but also cause marine pollution and can become national disasters, so prevention is very important. Most of these ship collision accidents are caused by human factors due to the navigation officer's lack of vigilance and carelessness, and in many cases, they can be prevented through the support of a system that helps with situation awareness. Recently, artificial intelligence has been used to develop systems that help navigators recognize the situation, but the sea is very wide and deep, so it is difficult to secure maritime traffic datasets, which also makes it difficult to develop artificial intelligence models. In this paper, to solve these difficulties, we propose a method to build a dataset with characteristics similar to actual maritime traffic datasets. The proposed method uses segmentation and inpainting technologies to build a foreground and background dataset, and then applies compositing technology to create a synthetic dataset. Through prototype implementation and result analysis of the proposed method, it was confirmed that the proposed method is effective in overcoming the difficulties of dataset construction and complementing various scenes similar to reality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.287-297
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• 2019

The recent increase in crude oil trading has led to an increase in the workings of SPM for crude oil carriers. VLCCs generally encounter difficulty entering port due to limitations in terms of sea depth and maneuverability. The SPM is a system that allows mooring to the buoy located in the outer sea for such vessels. However, the buoy is more affected by relatively external forces because of their of shore location. Therefore, the safety assessment of SPM is particularly important as it can lead to large oil pollution disasters in the event of SPM accidents. Despite this, in the implementation of the Marine Traffic Safety Audit Scheme in Korea, there exists no guidance for SPM. In this study, a SPM mooring safety assessment is performed using OPTIMOOR, a numerical analysis program, so as to understand the mooring characteristics of SPM. As a result, it is confirmed that the tension of mooring lines and hull movement in the SPM are greatly affected by the encounter angles with external forces. In addition, it is found that the maximum tension of the mooring line is elevated as the water depth becomes shallower through sensitivity analysis. According to SPM characteristics, which has a large influence on the encounter angle, this study has proposed an amendment to setting criteria in the implementation of the Maritime Traffic Safety Audit Scheme which could improve the reliability and accuracy of mooring safety assessments.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2011

According to the Marine Traffic Safety Law, revised in 2009, Marine Traffic Safety Audit is introduced to secure the safe navigation, to prevent the marine accident and to maximize the efficiency of the port. In this audit system, marine traffic safety assessment is the most important scheme because the primary purpose of the audit system is to identify potential risk elements affecting safe navigation. Even though the reliability of audit result depends on the selection of assessment models, there are no independent assessment models for Korean coastal waters and most of models used in Korea currently are developed by foreign countries. Therefore, the development of the independent assessment model for Korean coastal water is required. This study, prior to the development of independent assessment model, aims to provide a basic data by comparing two foreign assessment models in Ulsan port area with marine accident statistics data.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.79-96
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• 2006

In this paper, using the gravity model, I examined that the port traffic in the port of Pusan have been influenced by GDP of South Korea, GDP of trading countries, an agreement on maritime transport, maritime transport charge and the local economic integration, etc. In view of the policy implication based on the result of analysis by the gravity model, the port traffic and the transshipment in the port of Pusan is positively influenced by GDP of South Korea, GDP of trading countries and countries on the way of main sea route(LINE). But it is negatively influenced by maritime transport charge. Especially, when a maritime transport charge goes up 1 percentage point, it is estimated that a transshipment decreases about 0.586-0.895 percentage point. So, a maritime transport charge was found to have more effect on a transshipment than a port traffic(except transshipment).

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1195-1202
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• 2016

Recently, a lot of studies that applying the big data technology to various fields, are progressing actively. In the maritime domain, the big data is the meaningful information which makes and gathers by the navigation and communication equipment from the many ships on the ocean. Also, importance of the maritime safety is emphasized, because maritime accidents are rising with increasing of maritime traffic. To support prevention of maritime accidents, in this paper, we developed a vessel traffic display and statistic system based on AIS messages from the many vessels of maritime. Also, to verify the developed system, we conducted tests for vessel track display function and vessel traffic statistic function based on two test scenarios. Therefore, we verified the effectiveness of the developed system for vessel tracks display, abnormal navigation patterns, checking failure of AIS equipments and maritime traffic statistic analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.511-518
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• 2018

Research indicates, about 80% of maritime accidents are caused by human error. Further investigation of the human factors behind maritime casualties is essential in order to establish preventive measures. The main purpose of this study is to identify and analyze human factors behind maritime traffic-related accidents using the m-SHEL model. Since the m-SHEL model used in other fields is based on generic human factors, it has expanded in this study to accommodate ship operating systems and define human factors. In addition, the validity of the expanded model was verified by reliability analysis using SPSSWIN. A classified table for this extended m-SHEL model was then used to analyze human factors behind maritime traffic-related accidents extracted from a written verdict by the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal. Human factors were arranged in the order L, L-E, L-H, L-m, L-L, and L-S. This paper contributes to the prevention of maritime traffic-related accidents caused by human factors by presenting useful analytical results that can be applied to build a maritime safety management system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2008

Since July 2006, marine traffic safety management system have been enforced to support the vessels transiting across the coastal area and the vessels coming in and out of ports in southwestern coastal area where heavy traffic density and marine casualties occurred frequently. The marine traffic volume for the marine traffic environmental assessment was measured by the information from RADAR and AIS system in the area. The distributions of marine casualties were analyzed in the main routes and traffic separation schemes during the last five years and the navigational dangerous elements were investigated with the influence of natural environment, the distribution of fisheries and survey questionnaire. Marine accidents of merchant ships have a tendency to decrease gradually but in case of fishing boats, the rate of marine accidents have a contrary results in this area during the last five years. The dangerous elements on navigation appeared to be the dense force from June to August, fisheries activities and the vessels which not follow the compulsory watch on VHF-band radio communication equipments.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.268-276
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• 2015

A ship's sailing route or plan is determined by the master as the decision maker of the vessel, and depends on the characteristics of the navigational environment and the conditions of the ship. The trajectory, which appears as a result of the ship's navigation, is monitored and stored by a Vessel Traffic Service center, and is used for an analysis of the ship's navigational pattern and risk assessment within a particular area. However, such an analysis is performed in the same manner, despite the different navigational environments between coastal areas and the harbor limits. The navigational environment within the harbor limits changes rapidly owing to construction of the port facilities, dredging operations, and so on. In this study, a support vector machine was used for processing and modeling the trajectory data. A K-fold cross-validation and a grid search were used for selecting the optimal parameters. A complicated traffic route similar to the circumstances of the harbor limits was constructed for a validation of the model. A group of vessels was composed, each vessel of which was given various speed and course changes along a specified route. As a result of the machine learning, the optimal route and voyage data model were obtained. Finally, the model was presented to Vessel Traffic Service operators to detect any anomalous vessel behaviors. Using the proposed data modeling method, we intend to support the decision-making of Vessel Traffic Service operators in terms of navigational patterns and their characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.103-109
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• 2005

At the adjacent sea area of Busan Central Wharf, a variety of vessels, such as middle-large passenger ships, small fast sailing ships, container ships, cargo ships and working ships as well as small miscellaneous vessels are freely sailing comparatively without special steering and sailing Rules and marine traffic control because exclusive wharfs in accord with their purpose and use have been arranged in each wharf. In this research, we analyzed traffic stream and navigational characteristics of main traffic route based on statistics and distribution of tracks by ship's type and tonnage of the passing vessels after conducting marine traffic survey twice using exclusive software by targeting the sea area during the period of time. We examined the traffic safety of the passing vessels by classifying the sea area by each function based on the analysis about this traffic situation, and analyzing the effect by designating 'Buknea passage'. We also studied the plan for the effective rearrangement of Central Wharf considering basically the traffic safety oif arrival and departure in a point if view of navigators.