• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2015

This study is based on deductions from analysis of historical changes in hydrographic surveys, the problems with the existing system in Korea and analysis of the literature, including foreign cases. Using these criteria, we created and administered a survey of marine professionals of Korea, and based on the results, established an order of priority for hydrographic surveys, as follows: changes in the seabed, quantities of marine traffic, existing performance data from hydrographic survey, consumer's demand, marine accidents, conservation of oceanic environment, and natural resources. The study also deduced, based on a survey of experts, the relative importance ranking of the major ports in South Korea and suggests policy implications and a priority decision model to conduct future hydrographic surveys in a more scientific and systematic way.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.316-322
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• 2012

In the port of Ulsan with the area of harbor limit of $83km^2$, 25,432 vessels have been entering annually and only 35 vessels can anchor simultaneously at the anchorage. The area of harbor limit of Ulsan constitutes just 65 percent compared to $127.5km^2$ which is an average of main ports in Korea. In this regard, the port of Ulsan needs to expand the area of anchorages inevitably for enhancing the efficiency of port operation. To select the best anchorage area in Mipo harbor with the introduction of a concept of emergency anchorage, this study analyzed the safety of navigation and anchorage, and safety management, etc. in the prospected anchorage on the basis of the marine traffic survey observing traffic density. Furthermore, after drawing preliminary and final schemes through gathering the opinions from maritime users, safety management organizations and academic experts group, the best arrangement of emergency anchorage has been selected through the conference of interested parties. Then, the final scheme was also verified through figuring out the marine traffic system and carrying out the ship handling simulation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.249-256
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• 2016

The International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities(IALA) model course recommends specific aspects of basic curriculums for Vessel Traffic Services(VTS) operator education such as modules, course hours, contents, etc. Most domestic training programs for newly appointed VTS operators comply with such recommendations. The objective of this study is to determine whether such modules for VTS operator training recommended by the current IALA model course correspond to the actual opinions of VTS operators who are currently working in the field. To this end, the relative importance of basic modules for vessel traffic services operator training was analyzed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) method. A questionnaire was designed to include 8 modules recommended by the IALA model course, and the survey results of 52 individuals working at 5 VTS centers were analyzed. The result showed that, unlike the assumption by the IALA, domestic VTS operators viewed Nautical Knowledge as the most important modules, followed by Emergency Situations, Traffic Management, Language, Equipment, VHF Radio, Communication Co-ordination, and Personal Attributes, in that order.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.433-438
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• 2008

In Gwangyang port, huge reclaiming work and developing harbor facilities are underway to built industrial complexes. So it is estimated that towing barges will increase and make overtaking, head-on, crossing situations with a lot of cargo vessels in narrow passages. And it is possible to cause severe marine accidents inside of the harbor. This paper has a purpose to produce some policies making navigational safety of towing-barge on Gwangyang Hysco temporary passage. So it is considered how the change of marine traffic capacity and the risk factors in passage navigation influence to towing-barge navigation. And also the questionnaire survey of pilots and VTS operator was conducted to find out what they think about the navigational safety of towing-barge incoming and outgoing in No.1 Yulchon industrial complexes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.263-264
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• 2018

The quality of service provided by Vessel Traffic Services depends on the tasks characteristics and the work environment of Vessel Traffic Service operators. In this paper, the working conditions of Vessel Traffic Service operators are analyzed in order to propose methods to improve the working environment of Vessel Traffic Services and to provide high quality service through them. The questionnaire survey was conducted for Vessel Traffic Service operators working at 20 Vessel Traffic Service centers. It is expected that it might be used as the basic data for improvement of work environment and organization of Vessel Traffic Service center in the future.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

High-resolution S-wave reflection surveying has been successfully conducted on paved areas using a Land Streamer originally designed by the author. The main feature of the Land Streamer tool is the non-stretch woven belt on which geophone units are mounted to form a multichannel geophone array similar to a marine streamer. Because it is easily towed by a vehicle or by hand, the tool leads to high performance in field measurements and resultant cost-effectiveness of high-resolution reflection surveys. Although each geophone unit is coupled to the pavement through a metallic baseplate instead of being firmly planted in the ground, the Land Streamer tool provides comparatively clean data, unaffected by traffic noise even on the pavement. Thus, the tool is capable of expanding the opportunity for S-wave reflection surveys in urban areas where many surfaces are paved and traffic noise is severe. A series of high-resolution S-wave reflection surveys on paved areas delineated detailed structures of surface layers shallower than 60 m, and proved the wide applicability of the tool to engineering, environmental applications, and earthquake disaster prevention projects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2015

This research is the first research on developing the speed limit select model and also it is the result of the research on the importance of each element and consideration factors when selecting the speed limit. For the consideration factor discrimination and calculation of the importance, the delphi method and AHP method was used. The delphi survey was processed through third round survey, 5 high consideration factor(Level 1) and 23 low consideration factor(Level 2) was discriminated. During the process of the third delphi survey, when the CVR cost was in the range between 0.4~1.0 it was treated as the consideration factor when selecting the speed limit and less than 0.4 cost was eliminated. In the process of the second delphi survey, 33 consideration factors were discriminated but was reordered into 23 categories through the third survey. Based on the 23 categories earned through the third delphi analysis, the AHP survey was processed. The result of the AHP survey was that out of the importance of the 5 high consideration factor(Level 1), the traffic condition was evaluated as the number one factor and the vessel condition, waterway condition, environment condition, supporting condition and etc. conditions were evaluated following the traffic condition. Out of the 23 low consideration factor(Level 2) consideration, the visibility was evaluated to be the first important and the performance of the vessel steering, objective factors within the harbor, amount of traffic and density, distance between the passing vessel, speed of the steering capacity and tidal current were the following evaluated factors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2013

This paper presents the Part 1 of the Questionnaire Survey on Marine Safety and VTS in the Philippine Coastal Waters. This part deals with respondents profiles; experiences onboard and ashore; familiar areas; and their subjective perception of marine risks- by factors and by areas. The subjects are chosen from different regions nationwide with connection and/or with maritime background. There are 202 responses returned and these are put into a database for analysis made through Excel programs and statistics references. The result of the nationwide responses show that 97 % of respondents have shipboard experiences onboard of different ships' types and sizes; and 88 % are directly involved in the navigation of ships. Risk Perception levels - by factors and by familiar areas - show a higher risk degree in the 3rd level ('Sometimes Increases Risks') and 4th level ('Often Increases Risk') in each respondents' response indices. The study finds that the most risky factor is the "Violation of Rules and Regulations" which has a high risk at 5th level (Very Often Increases Risk), and for the over-all familiar areas, the Manila Bay area (NCR region) garners the most risky perception, also, at the 5th level. It is, therefore, recommended by this paper to conduct a comprehensive review of the rules and regulations viable in each locality; strengthening the maritime traffic systems, structures and educating the stake-holders specifically in Manila Bay area and other busy waterways of the country. The ultimate goal of this paper is to gather information, analyze these data and develop a set of tools and techniques to be utilized as a guide in the improvement and development of maritime traffic safety in the country.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.248-256
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• 2013

Part 2 of the Questionnaire Survey on Marine Safety and VTS in the Philippine Coastal Waters presents the alternatives to risk reduction, modifying the VTS, the qualification and competency of a VTS operator and effectiveness of the services and assistance rendered by VTS. This study finds that majority of respondents chose "Improved education and training of mariners" as the best alternative to risk reduction and the "Strict enforcement of ship safety regulations" as the best alternative based on the respondents' ranks last served onboard and areas of familiarity. In modifying the VTS, the areas with VTS chose to "Improve or upgrade" and for those without, is to "Implement" the system. The best VTS system is the "Port and Approaches" type and the PCG is selected to operate, maintain and supervise the system. As a VTS operator, the necessity of shipboard experience is considered "Essential" and the experiences include "Ship-handling and Communication", and "Management level" experiences. The effectiveness of the assistance and services rendered by VTS are considered "Very Important". Based on these findings, this study recommends improvement of education and training of mariners and users of the waterways including the training of VTS operators manning the VTS centers, strict enforcement of ship safety regulations along the busy and main ports of the country and installation of VTS system with the most appropriate type with the supervision of PCG.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.169-170
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• 2010

Ulsan Port is in the situation which the harbour limit and anchorages are less narrow than other trading ports and the occurrence probability of marine accidents is high due to heavy marine traffic Especially, the shortage of anchorages will become worse in case that the number of inbound and outbound vessels increases according to the development of Ulsan New Port. We will find and suggest the plan to enlarge the harbour limit essentially needed to expand anchorages in this research The reasonable type of harbour limit which is based on the survey by a group of experts, was determined after the decision of the range of harbour limit to accommodate the relevant anchorages.