• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.84-96
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• 2024

Background: Recent studies have elucidated the quorum-sensing mechanisms, biofilm formation, inter-pathogen interactions, and genes related to oral pathogens. This review aims to explore the recent expansion of drug targets against oral pathogens and summarize the current research on novel antibiotic substances derived from marine organisms that target oral pathogens. Methods: A comprehensive literature review summarized the novel mechanisms pertaining to quorum-sensing signal transmission systems, biofilm formation, and metabolite exchange in oral pathogens. The amino acid sequences of the 16 proteins identified as potential drug targets were systematically classified and compared across various oral microorganisms. Results: Through a literature review, we identified nine studies researching quorum sensing signaling inhibitors targeting oral pathogens. A comparison of the amino acid sequences of 16 potential drug targets in oral microorganisms revealed significant differences between oral pathogens and beneficial oral symbiotic microorganisms. These findings imply that it is possible to design drugs that can bind more selectively to oral pathogens. Conclusion: By summarizing the results of recent research on the signaling mechanisms that cause pathogenicity, new drug targets against oral pathogens were proposed. Additionally, the current status of developing new antibiotics for oral pathogens using recently developed quorum sensing inhibitors and natural products derived from marine organisms was introduced. Consequently, marine natural products can be used to develop drugs targeting new proteins in oral pathogens.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.279-289
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• 2023

The United States enforces the seafood import regulations so-called the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), and by 2023, all exports of aquatic products and processed fish products by fisheries which have not obtained an "Comparability Finding" from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration will be completely banned. Therefore, to respond to the US MMPA, it is critical to identify technologies and methods used in worldwide for reducing bycatch of marine mammals. In particular, marine mammals are frequently caught in five fisheries (trawl, gill net, trap, stow net and set net) in Korea, which is facing a great challenge. This study presented bycatch reduction methods by five fisheries, classified the methods by country, and suggested appropriate reduction methods which can be applied in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to assess bacteriological hazards in the following 7 kinds of minimally processed shellfish products purchased from Korean seafood retail outlets: raw oysters stored with seawater in polyethylene bags, frozen oysters, raw mussels, frozen mussels, boiled mussels, raw short-necked clam, and frozen short-necked clams, obtained from Korean seafood retail outlets. The total coliform and Escherichia coli counts determined in all samples were detected below regulation limit of the Korean government guidelines (Food Code). In addition, the high-risk bacterial pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and E. coli O157:H7 were not detected in any samples. Low-risk pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected at levels above $1.0{\times}10^2$ colony forming unit (CFU)/g in some minimally processed shellfish products. Notably, S. aureus was detected in all samples. Raw oysters stored with seawater in polyethylene bags, frozen oysters, and boiled blue mussels are commonly ingested without heating, and therefore these minimally processed shellfish products pose bacteriological hazards. The detection of S. aureus in all shellfish products, an organism indicative of poor personal hygiene, which can grow and multiply during distribution, indicates the necessity of improving the food safety of minimally processed shellfish products.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.21-33
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• 2019

The incidence of both obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus( DM) is increasing proportionately so that causes of deaths from these has overtaken from that of malnourishment. Hence it has been recommended to treat the 2 in parallel considering the role of diabesity on health. Important causes of T2DM are insulin resistance (IR) and /or inadequate insulin secretion. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTPIB) has a negative impact in insulin signaling pathways and hence plays crucial role inT2DM,since its overexpression might induce IR. Thus PTPIB is considered a therapeutic target for both obesity and T2DM, there has been a search for novel ,promising natural inhibitors. We conducted a pubmed search for articles related to PTPIB inhibitors from natural causes be it marine sources or other natural sources. Out of 988 articles we selected 100 articles for review. Thus various bioactive molecules isolated from marine organisms that can acts as PTPIB Inhibitors and thus possess antidiabetic activity both in vitro/ in vivo studies ,besides products from fruits like Chinese raspberry or curcumin used as routine spices are described with their chemical classes, structure-activity relationships and potency as assessed by IC 50 values are discussed. More work is required to make this a reality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2002

Marine biotechnology is one of the promising frontier of scientific exploration and commercial utilization for the next century. Compared with the terrestrial environment, the oceans of the world remain largely unexplored and include a major portion of bio-resources. Using the tools of biotechnology, the vast and diverse marine resources can be applied to produce new products and foods. Marine biotechnology has the characteristics of pro-environment, saying energy, and intensive knowledge. Therefore, we can take advantage of the marine biotechnology industry under our situation with the poor natural resources. The study focuses on the current status and administrative supports on marine biotechnology industry for upgrading the economic value of output. The status of our marine biotechnology industry is beginning stage in the economic aspects. Manpower and the level of most technologies are weaker than the ones of the advanced countries. More investment and recruiting skilled specialists are necessary because the improvement of marine biotechnology is depend on the technology and scientists. This study suggests the ways of administrative supports for domestic marine biotechnology: Efficient information network and supporting system for the development of marine biotechnology should be interrelated with other technical and scientific fields; The government should provide sustainable fund for the long-term research project and the infrastructure in the marine biotechnology.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2021

The diet plays a fundamental role in the formation of the gut microbiota, determining the interrelationship between the gut microbiota and the host. The current study investigated the effect of Chlorella vulgaris on the gut microbiota by using simulated in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation. Bioaccessibility was measured after in vitro digestion, and SCFAs and microbial profiling were analyzed after colonic fermentation. The bioaccessibility of C. vulgaris was 0.24 g/g. The three major SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) increased significantly when compared to the control group. In microbial profiling analysis, microorganisms such as Faecalibacterium, Dialister, Megasphaera, Dorea, Odoribacter, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, Butyricmonas, and Veillonella were high in C. vulgaris group. Among them, Faecalibacterium, Dialister, Megasphaera, Roseburia, and Veillonella were thought to be closely associated with the increased level of SCFAs. Finally, it can be expected to help improve gut microbiota and health through ingestion of C. vulgaris. However, further studies are vital to confirm the changes in the gut microbiota in in vivo, when C. vulgaris is ingested.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.113-119
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• 2020

This study analyzed the relationship between consumers' awareness of marine products and the food index level, which is a sub-domain of the Pukyong Maritime Index. Specifically, the evaluation of marine products by Korean consumers verified the relationship between taste, nutrition, diversity, price, and safety-related systems and the food index. The analysis results were as follows. First, it was found that consumers' awareness of marine products had a significant positive correlation with the food index. Second, as a result of the regression analysis, the food index had an effect on the order of nutrition, taste, and price. These findings are required to understand consumers' awareness of aquatic products, and the food index can be used as the center of northeast asia sea region to provide a framework for improving consumer's satisfaction.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2006

Molecular biology and microalgal biotechnology have the potential to play a major role in improving the production efficiency of a vast variety of products including functional foods, industrial chemicals, compounds with therapeutic applications and bioremediation solutions from a virtually untapped source. Microalgae are a source of natural products and have been recently studied for biotechnological applications. Efficient genetic transformation systems in microalgae are necessary to enhance their potential to be used for human health. A microalga such as Chlarella is a eukaryotic organism sharing its metabolic pathways with higher plants. This microalga is capable of expressing, glycosylating, and correctly processing proteins which normally undergo post-translational modification. Moreover, it can be cultured inexpensively because it requires only limited amount of sunlight and carbon dioxide as energy sources. Because of these advantages, Chlarella may be of great potential interest in biotechnology as a good candidate for bioreactor in the production of pharmaceutical and industrial compounds for human functional foods. Here, we briefly discuss recent progress in microalgal transgenesis that has utilized molecular biology to produce functional proteins and bioactive compounds.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.8-14
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• 2011

Although marine living organism contains a numerious number of compounds, it is difficult to collect these compounds in a large scale for medicinal application. However, in recent years, several bioactive compounds isolated from marine macroalgae have been proved to be able to provide potential sources for development of medicinal products because they can be obtained in large amount from marine. A number of studies have reported a variety of effects of marine macroalgae but a few anti-inflammatory activity of marine macroalgae have recently been published. Herein, we reviewed novel anti-inflammatory compounds recently isolated from marine brown algae, green algae and red algae. From this survey, in particular, some compounds contained in edible macroalgae exert anti-inflammatory effects with inhibition on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity regulated by nuclear factor-kappa B transcription factor that play a key role in cancer as well as inflammation, demonstrating to be able to potentially apply to development of anti-inflammatory agent for chemoprevention of cancer. Furthermore, some macroalgae and their compounds with both excellent anti-inflammatory activity and very low toxicity can select a potential candidates capable of preventing or treating several chronic inflammation such as colitis, hepatitis and gastritis, leading to cancer.

• ALGAE
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.403-414
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• 2016

The use of ionizing radiation and radioactive elements is becoming increasingly popular with the rapid developments in nuclear technology, radiotherapy, and radio diagnostic methods. However, ionizing radiation can directly or indirectly cause life-threatening complications such as cancer, radiation burns, and impaired immunity. Environmental contamination with radioactive elements and the depletion of ozone layer also contribute to the increased levels of radiation exposure. Radioprotective natural products have particularly received attention for their potential usefulness in counteracting radiation-induced damage because of their reduced toxicity compared with most drugs currently in use. Moreover, radioprotective substances are used as ingredients in cosmetic formulations in order to provide protection against ultraviolet radiation. Over the past few decades, the exploration of marine algae has revealed the presence of radioprotective phytochemicals, such as phlorotannins, polysaccharides, carotenoids and other compounds. With their promising radioprotective effects, marine algae could be a future source for discovering potential radioprotective substances for development as useful in therapeutics.