• Title/Summary/Keyword: Margin of Safety(MS)

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Determination and risk characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of tea by using the Margin of Exposure (MOE) approach

  • Lee, Joon-Goo;Lim, Taesuk;Kim, Sheen-Hee;Kang, Dong-Hyun;Yoon, Hae-Jung
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.1843-1856
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    • 2018
  • Tea is one of the most frequently consumed drinks due to its favourite taste and the health benefit. Tea is produced by several processes and drying is very important step to develop the flavour and destroys the enzymes in tea. However, during drying tea, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons some of which are carcinogen and genotoxin are naturally produced. The risk of PAHs by drinking tea was characterized by determining contents of 4 PAHs in tea. 4 PAHs including Benz(a)anthracene (BaA), Chrysene (CHR), Benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF) and Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) were investigated by GC-MS in total 468 tea products, which were contaminated up to $4.63ng\;g^{-1}$. Mate tea was the most highly contaminated by BaA, CHR, BbF and BaP and followed by Solomon's seal and Chrysanthemum. The Margin of Exposures calculated by the concentration of BaA, CHR, BbF and BaP and consumption amount of tea were higher than 10,000, and the risk of PAHs in tea were low concern to public health.

Exposure Assessment of N-nitrosamines in Foods (식품을 통한 니트로사민 노출량 평가)

  • Jo, Cheon-Ho;Park, Hee-Ra;Kim, Dong-Sul;Lee, Kwang-Ho;Kim, Mee-Hye
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.541-548
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    • 2010
  • In this study, contamination levels of 7 N-nitrosamine were investigated in processed meat products (n=51), processed fish products (n=62), salted fish pickles (n=20), and beer and malt beverages (n=21) using a GC/PCI-MS/MS method. The limits of detection (LOD) of the N-nitrosamines ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 ${\mu}g$/kg. In addition, methods were used to estimate the recovery of 7 N-nitrosamines, which ranged from 84 to 112%. N-nitrosamines were detected in 89 (58%) out of 154 samples. The exposure of an entire population group to N-nitrosamines through food intake was estimated using the average body weight of the total population and average daily food consumption, to perform risk assessment based on reports of a national health and nutrition survey. The results indicated that the daily intake of N-nitrosamines over a life time was $4.92{\times}10^{-7}$ mg/kg b.w./day. The margin of exposure (MOE) for the general population, estimated using the benchmark dose lower confidence limit 10 ($BMDL_{10}$) of N-nitrosodimethylamine, was 208,939, which was found to be safe.

An analysis on the Structural Safety of Supersonic rocket Preliminary Model using Fluid-Structure Interaction (초음속 비행체 모델의 연성기법을 이용한 구조 안전성 해석)

  • Do, Gyu-Sung;So, Jung-Soo;Kang, Ji-Hoon;Kim, Hyung-Jin;Park, Dae-Hun;Oh, Jeong-Su;Moon, Hee-Jang
    • Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 2008
  • The structural stability for preliminary model of supersonic rocket which has large L/D ratio is investigated. Large L/D ratio can cause a critical problem on the structural stability by the increase of bending-moment. By using the ANSYS and the CFX codes, we inspected the structural stability for Ma=2 and angle of attack for $20^{\circ}$. The optimum number of bolts and their joints required on the rocket surface are predicted.

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Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Migrated from Plastic Food Utensils, Containers, and Packaging Distributed in Korea (국내 유통 식품용 플라스틱 기구 및 용기, 포장의 중금속 위해도 평가)

  • Kyung Youn, Lee;Hyung Soo, Kim;Dae Yong, Jang;Ye Ji, Koo;Seung Ha, Lee;Hye Bin, Yeo;Ji Su, Yoon;Kyung-Min, Lim;Jaeyun, Choi
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.175-182
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    • 2022
  • Heavy metals can be intentionally or unintentionally introduced into plastic food utensils, containers, and packaging (PFUCP) as additives or contaminants, which can be ingested with food by humans. Here, seven-heavy metals (lead, cadmium, nickel, chromium, antimony, copper, and manganese) with toxicity concerns were selected, and risk assessment was done by establishing their migration from 137 PFUCP products made of 16 materials distributed in Korea. Migration of heavy metals was examined by applying 4% acetic acid as a food simulant (70℃, 30 minutes) to the PFUCP products. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was employed for the analysis of migrated heavy metals, and the reliability of quantitative results was confirmed by checking linearity, LOD, LOQ, recovery, precision, and expanded uncertainty. As a result of monitoring, heavy metals were detected at a level of non-detection to 8.76 ± 11.87 ㎍/L and most of the heavy metals investigated were only detected at trace amounts of less than 1 ㎍/L on average. However, antimony migrated from PET products was significantly higher than other groups. Risk assessment revealed that all the heavy metals investigated were safe with a margin of exposure above 311. Collectively, we demonstrated that heavy metals migrated from PFUCP products distributed in Korea appear to be within the safe range.

Development of In-Plane Strength Analysis Software for Composite Laminated Structure with Parallel Processing Technique (병렬처리 기법을 이용한 복합재 적층 구조물의 면내 파손 해석 소프트웨어 개발)

  • Jung, Yeji;Choi, Soo Young;Ahn, Hyon Su;Ha, Seok Wun;Moon, Yong Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.133-140
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    • 2018
  • In this paper, we develop an automated software for in-plane structural analysis of composite laminated structures. The developed software supports various failure criteria and reports the analysis results considering user's convenience. It also provides batch job analysis function based on parallel processing technique. To verify the performance of the software, we compared margin of safety(MS) calculated in the software to those obtained from in-house method and the specimen experiment. As a result of comparisons, there was an error of less than 0.01 in the in-house method and it is within about ${\pm}10%$ with the specimen experiment. In addition, we confirmed the improvement of execution speed of batch job analysis based on parallel processing technique.