• Title/Summary/Keyword: Manufacturing Quality Control

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Effects of Dietary Fiber Extracts from Brewer's Spent Grain on Quality Characteristics of Chicken Patties Cooked in Convective Oven

  • Kim, Hyun-Wook;Hwang, Ko-Eun;Song, Dong-Heon;Lee, Soo-Yeon;Choi, Min-Sung;Lim, Yun-Bin;Choi, Ji-Hun;Choi, Yun-Sang;Kim, Hack-Youn;Kim, Cheon-Jei
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2013
  • Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is a by-product of beer manufacturing. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary fiber extracts from brewer's spent grain on quality characteristics of chicken patties. The total fiber content of BSG dietary fiber extracts after extraction increased from 58.11% to 68.57%, and the extracted dietary fiber extracts were added to chicken patties at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4%, respectively. The effects of the BSG dietary fiber extracts on pH, color, cooking loss, reduction in patty diameter, salt-soluble protein solubility, texture, and sensory characteristics of chicken patties were evaluated. The addition of BSG dietary fiber extracts decreased pH and lightness values, and increased redness and yellowness. Chicken patties formulated with 3-4% BSG dietary fiber extracts had the lowest cooking loss among all treatments (p<0.05). The diameter of chicken patties was not affected by the addition of BSG dietary fiber extracts. Additionally, no significant difference was observed in salt-soluble protein solubility after adding 3% BSG dietary fiber extracts compared to that in the control. Textural and sensory properties were different among the chicken patties, and the 3% BSG dietary fiber-added chicken patty had the highest acceptability. Our results indicate that 3% BSG dietary fiber extract can be used as a good source of dietary fiber for improving the quality characteristics of chicken patties.

Effects of CLA-vegetable Oils and CLA-lard Additives on Quality Characteristics of Emulsion-type Sausage (유화형 Sausage의 품질특성에 식물성유와 동물성유 CLA 첨가가 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, J. I.;Lee, J. H.;Kwack, S. C.;Ha, Y. J.;Jung, J. D.;Lee, J. W.;Lee, J. R.;Joo, S. T.;Park, G. B.
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.283-296
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    • 2003
  • Emulsion-type sausages were manufactured to investigate the effects of CLA-vegetable oils and CLA-lard on quality characteristics of emulsion-type sausage. Each treatments replaced pork back fat with CLA-corn oil (CLA-CO), CLA-safflower seed oil (CLA-SSO) and CLA-lard (CLA-LD) were stored during 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days at 4$^{\circ}C$. The changes in physico-chemical properties, texture, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), fatty acid composition and CLA content of each treatments were measured during 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days at 4$^{\circ}C$. During storage, pH of control showed higher pH value than that of CLA-vegetable and CLA-lard treatments. The pH values of all treatments was significantly low at storage 14 days (p<0.05). The color L* and a*-value of all the treatments was not significantly changed with the storage periods. Color b*-value of CLA-treatments was higher than that of control during the storage period. Fatty acids composition was changed by addition of CLA-vegetable oils and CLA-lard. All kinds of fatty acids composition were decreased with CLA replacements than that of the control. Whereas linolenic acid content extremely increased by replacement of CLA-vegetable. CLA content of CLA-treatments was extremely increased than that of the control. The cohesiveness, springness, gumminess and brittleness of CLA-LD treatment was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the other treatments. The TBARS value of all treatments were significantly increased (P<0.05) as the storage period was passed. TBARS of sausage products containing CLA-CO was the lowest. Summing up the a forementioned results, emulsion-type sausage manufacturing with CLA-vegetable oil and CLA-lard was not affected in physico-chemical properties and texture characteristics. Also, it may be assumed that the high quality sausage can be manufactured with the extent of storage period and CLA accumulation.

Study on Manufacturing Process of Hollow Main Shaft by Open Die Forging (자유단조공법을 통한 중공형 메인샤프트 제조공정에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Yong Chul;Kang, Jong Hun;Kim, Sang Sik
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.221-227
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    • 2016
  • The main shaft is one of the key components connecting the rotor hub and gear box of a wind power generator. Typically, main shafts are manufactured by open die forging method. However, the main shaft for large MW class wind generators is designed to be hollow in order to reduce the weight. Additionally, the main shafts are manufactured by a casting process. This study aims to develop a manufacturing process for hollow main shafts by the open die forging method. The design of a forging process for a solid main shaft and hollow shaft was prepared by an open die forging process design scheme. Finite element analyses were performed to obtain the flow stress by a hot compression test at different temperature and strain rates. The control parameters of each forging process, such as temperature and effective strain, were obtained and compared to predict the suitability of the hollow main shaft forging process. Finally, high productivity reflecting material utilization ratio, internal quality, shape, and dimension was verified by the prototypes manufactured by the proposed forging process for hollow main shafts.

Measurement and Discrimination Method for the Evaluation of Aero-Pulsation Noise Generated by the Turbocharger System (터보차저의 공기맥동음 평가를 위한 측정 및 판별법)

  • Kim, Jae-Heon;Lee, Jong-Kyu
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.26 no.7
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    • pp.361-365
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    • 2007
  • Aero-pulsation noise, generally caused by geometric asymmetry of a rotating device, is one of considerable sources of annoyance in passenger cars using the turbocharged diesel engine. Main source of this noise is the compressor wheel in the turbocharger system, and can be reduced by after-treatment devices such as silencers, but which may increase the manufacturing cost. More effective solution is to improve the geometric symmetry over all, or to control the quality of components by sorting out inferior ones. The latter is more simple and reasonable than the former in view of manufacturing. Thus, an appropriate discrimination method should be needed to evaluate aero-pulsation noise level at the production line. In this paper, we introduce the accurate method which can measure the noise level of aero-pulsation and also present its evaluation criteria. Besides verifying the reliability of a measurement system - a rig test system-, we analyze the correlation between the results from rig tests and those from vehicle tests. The gage R&R method is carried out to check the repeatability of measurements over 25 samples. From the result, we propose the standard specification which can discriminate inferior products from superior ones on the basis of aero-pulsation noise level.

Causes of accidents and preventive measures due to defects in pump car booms (펌프카의 붐대 결함에 의한 사고원인과 방지대책)

  • Cho Choonhwan
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Construction Safety
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.7-11
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    • 2024
  • Pump car is an equipment that transports concrete products as needed to the place where they are poured. In order to pour a large amount of concrete in a short period of time, using a pump car is the most efficient in terms of economic efficiency and quality control. However, recently, many casualties have occurred due to boom damage during concrete pouring, so this study suggests that improvements are needed in the equipment manufacturing stage, inspection standards for old equipment, and equipment rental system. The reason is that, as a result of the finite element analysis of the pump car, the significant stress acting at the second stage of the boom and the maximum stress at the top of the boom were found to be 895.39 MPa, and M.S. Since it was evaluated the lowest at 0.04, the need for reinforcement was recognized. And it was confirmed that the 2nd stage boom was the most stressful and vulnerable part of the 1st to 5th stage booms. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the thickness and rigidity of members at the design and manufacturing stage, and to reinforce the steel plates of currently used equipment. In addition, it is urgent to establish a system that makes non-destructive testing mandatory for all general construction machinery and holds inspection agencies responsible for missing boom defects during non-destructive testing and regular inspections.

A study on the color controlled of painter's work (페인트 도장공사의 색관리에 관한 연구)

  • Shim, Myung-Sup;Lee, Hyun-Jeong
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.107-114
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    • 2003
  • This study aims to find methods that prevents aging of buildings paint coating and that limits defects in construction. Defects in painting can occur in four stages: pure paint, during painting, after the paint coating has dried, and after some period of time has passed after coating. Paint may become bad due to precipitation of pigments, formation of membranes, and seeding during manufacturing. Therefore, it is important that the paint is well mixed and kept airtight at a cool, dark place. Indents, paint brush strokes, orange peel, separation of colors, and paint running and spreading during the paint work process can be prevented by using high quality materials and applying a high-level of construction method. After the paint coating has dried, boiling, yellowing, poor drying, poor bonding, and/or glen deficiency may occur. These are influenced by the levels of cleanness of the dried product, drying temperature and hydration. Then, when the coating has been left dried for some period of time, cracking, peeling, scaling, swelling, discoloring, and/or rusting may develop due to the ultraviolet and contaminants in the air. Since these defects occur due to inappropriate construction schedule and/or hot and humid condition, one must use weatherproof materials. Furthermore, poor paint color may be caused by contamination in the sample plate, discoloration, and/or discrepancies in colors which are due to material differences, level of glossiness, degree of dispersion, dual color property of metallic colors, precipitation of pigments, etc. One should achieve reduction in construction cost and effectiveness in paint work by limiting contaminations in the construction site and strictly observing to construction regulations.

Determination of the Trace Elements in $UO_2$ Powder by ICP-AES Directyl Coupled with Extraction Chromatography (추출크로마토그래피와 유도결합플라스마 원자방출분광법을 이용한 이산화우라늄분말 중 미량금속불순물 분석)

  • Choi, Kwang-Soon;Lee, Chang-Heon;Pyo, Hyung-Yeal;Han, Sun-Ho;Suh, Moo-Yul;Eom, Tae-Yoon;Lee, Gae-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.37 no.9
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    • pp.813-819
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    • 1993
  • An ICP-AES system directly connected with a separation column was used in order to determine the trace elements in $UO_2$ powder promptly and reduce the volume of the waste solution. The outlet of a separation column, which was filled with Teflon powder ($330\;{\mu}m$) coated with tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) as extractant, was directly connected with sample injection tube of ICP-AES. Eleven elements including molybdenum in $UO_2$ powder were separated and determined simultaneously. Recoveries of these elements were $91{\sim}110%$ and these results were agreed with those of solvent extraction methods. This method was applicable to quality control in manufacturing nuclear fuel.

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Effects of Extended Storage of Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Benzalkonium Chloride Solutions on the Viability of Burkholderia cenocepacia

  • Ahn, Youngbeom;Kim, Jeong Myeong;Lee, Yong-Jin;LiPuma, John J.;Hussong, David;Marasa, Bernard S.;Cerniglia, Carl E.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.27 no.12
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    • pp.2211-2220
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    • 2017
  • Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and benzalkonium chloride (BZK) formulations are frequently used as antiseptics in healthcare and consumer products. Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) contamination of pharmaceutical products could be due to the use of contaminated water in the manufacturing process, over-diluted antiseptic solutions in the product, and the use of outdated products, which in turn reduces the antimicrobial activity of CHX and BZK. To establish a "afe use" period following opening containers of CHX and BZK, we measured the antimicrobial effects of CHX ($2-10{\mu}g/ml$) and BZK ($10-50{\mu}g/ml$) at sublethal concentrations on six strains of Burkholderia cenocepacia using chemical and microbiological assays. CHX (2, 4, and $10{\mu}g/ml$) and BZK (10, 20, and $50{\mu}g/ml$) stored for 42 days at $23^{\circ}C$ showed almost the same concentration and toxicity compared with freshly prepared CHX and BZK on B. cenocepacia strains. When $5{\mu}g/ml$ CHX and $20{\mu}g/ml$ BZK were spiked to six B. cenocepacia strains with different inoculum sizes ($10^0-10^5CFU/ml$), their toxic effects were not changed for 28 days. B. cenocepacia strains in diluted CHX and BZK were detectable at concentrations up to $10^2CFU/ml$ after incubation for 28 days at $23^{\circ}C$. Although abiotic and biotic changes in the toxicity of both antiseptics were not observed, our results indicate that B. cenocepacia strains could remain viable in CHX and BZK for 28 days, which in turn, indicates the importance of control measures to monitor BCC contamination in pharmaceutical products.

Development of the Standard Analytical Methods for Compound Hawthorn Berry 60% Ethanol Extract, Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract and Garlic Oil Capsules (복방서양산사60%에탄올엑스.은행엽엑스.마늘유캡슐의 기준 및 시험법과 규격 설정)

  • Cho, Chang-Hee;Kim, Ji-Sun;Whang, Ji-Sang;Baek, Ju-Hyun;Park, Ju-Young;Shim, Young-Hoon;Seong, Rack-Seon;Kim, Dong-Sup;Lee, Jong-Phill;Lee, Joo-Hyeun;Sohn, Su-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2010
  • In the recent version of the Korea Pharmacopoeia(KP) and the Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia(KHP), there are 563 items(181 in KP, 381 in KHP) of herbal medicines including finished drugs. Also, approximately 507 items including herbal extracts and herbal medicinal products was published in the 3th edition of Korea Pharmaceutical Codex (KPC). These items help the persons working in the pharmaceutical manufacturing field to register the drug and in research fields to develop the new drug considering as a standard specifications. This study was carried out to establish standard analytical methods for 'Compound Hawthorn Berry 60% Ethanol Extract, Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract and Garlic Oil Capsules' in the 3th edition of Korea Pharmaceutical Codex. Ginkgo flavonoid and terpene lactone were employed as reference compounds for analytical method. Analytical methods established in this study could be applied to a reasonable and unified quality control of G. biloba leaf extract and hawthorn berry extract.

Evaluation of Chemical Composition in Reconstituted Tobacco Leaf using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (근적외선 분광분석법을 이용한 판상엽 화학성분 평가)

  • Han, Young-Rim;Han, Jungho;Lee, Ho-Geon;Jeh, Byong-Kwon;Kang, Kwang-Won;Lee, Ki-Yaul;Eo, Seong-Je
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2013
  • Near InfraRed Spectroscopy(NIRS) is a quick and accurate analytical method to measure multiple components in tobacco manufacturing process. This study was carried out to develop calibration equation of near infrared spectroscopy for the prediction of the amount of chemical components and hot water solubles(HWS) of reconstituted tobacco leaf. Calibration samples of reconstituted tobacco leaf were collected from every lot produced during one year. The calibration equation was formulated as modified partial least square regression method (MPLS) by analyzing laboratory actual values and mathematically pre-treated spectra. The accuracy of the acquired equation was confirmed with the standard error of prediction(SEP) of chemical components in reconstituted tobacco leaf samples, indicated as coefficient of determination($R^2$) and prediction error of sample unacquainted, followed by the verification of model equation of laboratory actual values and these predicted results. As a result of monitoring, the standard error of prediction(SEP) were 0.25 % for total sugar, 0.03 % for nicotine, 0.03 % for chlorine, 0.16 % for nitrate, and 0.38 % for hot water solubles. The coefficient of determination($R^2$) were 0.98 for total sugar, 0.97 for nicotine, 0.96 for chlorine, 0.98 for nitrate and 0.92 for hot water solubles. Therefore, the NIRS calibration equation can be applicable and reliable for determination of chemical components of reconstituted tobacco leaf, and NIRS analytical method could be used as a rapid and accurate quality control method.