• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1222-1233
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to classify the modern image by clothing design elements. This research was done by survey method with 25 kinds of modern image photos selected in fashion magazines. The data was analyzed by Reliability Analysis, Factor Analysis, MANOVA, One-Way ANOVA, Duncan's test and MDS. The results of this study are as follows: 1. modern image was classified by 5 factors. Those were sexy-modern, elegant-modern, natural-modern, mannish-modern and minimal-modern images. 2. Sexy-modern image was well-expressed by chromatic and chromatic color coordinations. Elegant-modern image was well-expressed by fitted silhouette, fit and achromatic and chromatic color coordinations. Natural-modern image was well-expressed by A silhouette, loose apparel-fit, chromatic and chromatic coordinations and soft texture. Mannish-modern image was well-expressed by H silhouette, loose apparel-fit, chromatic and chromatic color coordinations and hard texture. Minimal-modern image was well-expressed by H silhouette, tight or loose apparel-fit and soft texture. 3. modern image was positioned into mostly hard or masculine on image scale.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.110-127
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• 2015

This study probed into the fashion styling of modern girls who led fashion and revealed power of woman as the center of modernization in Korea. Methods included the theoretical study based on fashion related newspaper articles at the time, specialized publications, advance researches, and internet data and the empirical study that involved contents analysis centering on visual data, expert evaluation, and styling development and presentation. The image of Korean modern girl analysis found in the order of modern image, elegant image, classic image, mannish image, romantic image. The aesthetic characteristics could be classified into sensual classicism, modern elegance, feminist epicenism, and romantic simplicity. The theme was 'Retro Modern' and a total of 4 styles were applied. 'Progressive Tradition' expressed the aesthetic characteristics of sensual classicism and it gave a modern reinterpretation of the seamless one-piece skirt which is the modified Korean clothes of Korean modern girls. 'Luxe Beauty' expressed the aesthetic characteristics of modern elegance, and it developed the long and slim style which was popular in the 1930's in a trendy way. 'Dressy Avant-garde' expressed the aesthetic characteristics of feminist epicenism, and it suggested the mannish style Western clothes that Korean modern girls wore by following recent fashion trend. 'Minimal Couture' expressed the aesthetic characteristics of romantic simplicity and it presented the garçonne look which was popular in the 1920's by following recent trend.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.7 s.98
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• pp.38-50
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is first, to see through the aesthetic essence of the clothing as art, through theoretical consideration of cultural feature and body style in Postmodern Feminism. Also, this study will examine the aesthetic value in artistic meaning regarding a Deformational body image in visual an. Second, this study will analysis the formative character of Modern Art to wear which expressed unfixed body style, followed by the change of Postmodern Feminity, as a Deformation image. This character will be categorized by Expansion, Grotesque, Pleasure, and Virtuality. The following is the result of this study. Expansion expressed in modern Art to wear created intentional structure of the form, and intentionally presented refusal of body existence through disembodied. Grotesque expressed refusal and deviation of women's ideal body style, which is defined by mannish discourse, very grotesquely. Pleasure pleasantly presented free emotion through an intentional transformation like distortion or imbalance of the body By paradoxically reproducing women's virtual body as other unfixed female identity was expressed visually through virtuality to embody post-gender.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.461-472
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyze the expressive style of radical feminism and post-modern feminism appearing on the contemporary denim fashion by examining pictures from professional fashion magazine Vogue. For this study, I investigated documents to study the characteristic of radical feminism and post-modern feminism and classified the contemporary denim fashion into erotic look, endrogynous look and deconstructive look. The results of study on the expression style of feminism reflected on the contemporary denim fashion were as follows: First, radical feminism emphasizes that women's sexual feature is never inferior to men's. Therefore in denim fashion, erotic style which emphasize on women's sexual beauty is represented by making hot pants, mini skirt, halter blouse of denim and by using colored jeans and flower print or beads on denim. Second, post-modern feminism has been represented by disregarding or intergrating the existed rule as refusing sexual discrimination. It has been represented in fashion as an endrogynous style by representing neutral gender image. Today, it is represented in denim fashion by mixing a different fabric with denim and matching womanish design with mannish design. Third, post-modem feminism are classified into unfixed expression of genders and the deconstructive expression of methodology. The deconstructive expression of denim fashion is represented by using the damage of fabric by making a hole or tearing intentionally or fraying edge of denim. Also the unfinished designs and transformed dressing are used to express the deconstructive character in denim.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the style of Marlene Dietrich who was a Hollywood legend in 1930s and has influenced on modern fashion. The characteristics of Dietrich style showed androgyny, sensualism and exoticism. Dietrich has been famous for wearing tailored pantsuit on and off-screen with mannish gesture and had great effect on women's wearing pants. Her confident, sexy mannish style represented her androgyny glamourously and proved she had a taste for a classic. Her sensualism focused on her famous legs because she understood the sex appeal of woman's legs. She showed her legs by wearing pants and decorative stockings, or matching colors of stockings and shoes to make her legs look longer and sexier by illusion. Her exoticism against a backdrop of black and white image, was presented with luxurious, sensual fabrics such as furs, feathers and velvet, along with dazzling accessaries. Also she didn't forget to manipulate angles of camera and lights for the engraving figure of her own. Her charisma directed her fashion image in detail and made herself a fashion icon in 1930s.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.539-552
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out the proper evaluative words and colors according to various fashion images and to classify the fashion images according to certain criteria. 13 books which included the content of the fashion images were selected to draw evaluative words and colors. Evaluative words and colors were found out as follows: classic image-traditional, classical, conservative and brown, wine, dark yellow, modem image-intelligent, rational, westernized and achromatic color, cool colors, elegance image-dignified, graceful, chic and greyish tone, pale tone, romantic image-cute, lovely, girlish, natural image-natural, comfortable, gently and brown, ivory beige, khaki, casual image-energetic, comfortable, active and red, yellow, blue family. The classification of fashion images according to various criteria were as follows. According to sex: feminine-elegance, romantic, pretty and masculine-mannish, dandy, military. According to time: past-conservative, traditional, classical, and present-modern, contemporary, sophisticate. According to formality: formal-formal wear of classic, elegance, mannish, dandy style and informal-natural, casual. According to intelligence, the elite style-modern, elegance, classic, sophisticate and the public style-casual, natural.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.11-23
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to express the sexuality of feminism in the modern fashion. As for the methods of research, literary research was carried out using reference based on feminism history and sexuality concept and demonstrative analysis was undertaken using 2000's collections photographs. In the results of that, the sexuality of gender resistance feminism is featured by three key words: sado-masochism sexuality, bi sexuality and hetero sexuality. First, sado-masochism sexuality shows fetish look and dominatrix look shown in the strong attitudes. Sado-masochism sexuality is setting fetishes such as mask, whip, chain, metallic materials and tight leather boots. Second, bi sexuality presents mannish look of soft and feminie style's slim pants suit with ruffle, flounce and decorated detail blouse. and fetish look wearing of sexual symbol clothes such as corset and bustier. Third, hetero sexuality represent glamour look which exposure and emphasis of breasts, hips and other sexual symbols.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.3 s.93
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• pp.122-135
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to classify achromatic color images adopted by contemporary fashion design in order to analyze the links between achromatic color images and fashion images. To this end, the study on the images of achromatic colors of White, grey, and black was conducted by reviewing related documents. In order to analyze the image factors affecting contemporary fashion design, the documents related to fashion history were consulted and in the case of fashion design factors and images, fashion looks using achromatic color as a main theme were referred. The results of this study are as follows : 1. An achromatic color is cold, calm and plain as well as modern. At the same time, it is abstinent and solemn so the color has been mainly used as religious garment. 2. An achromatic color used in apparels has been influenced by the developments of culture, art, society, ideology, politics, economy, science and technology. Black dress was introduced by Art Deco colors, little black dress by feminism, white by the popularity of sports, black becomes more popular by nihilistic beat and punk generations, moon look and cyber punk look were introduced for the advancement of science. Other apparel looks using the color are modern look, feminine look, futuristic look, mannish look, sportive look, and avant-garde look.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.164-177
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the image perception of dress shirts, the shirts style preference, the men's fashion consciousness, the shirt purchase attitude, and the usage of the information source between the Daks group(44 respondents) and Renoma group(21 respondents), for developing the possibility and strategy of the dress shirt market in men's wear market for the apparel marketers and manufacturers. For this study, the data obtained from 65 respondents were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's simple correlation, ANOVA. The results from the study were as follows ; The 6 stimuli for image perception rated on 5 point Likert-type scales in the 12 features were evaluated by perceivers. By the best 3 features abstracted from each stimulus, the shirts styles were named, they were Basic style, Soft style, Sophisticated style, Modern casual style, Mannish style, and Trendy style. There were significant differences in the image perception of Mannish style, the preferences of shirts style, the fashion consciousness, the shirt purchase attitude, and the usage of the information source between the Daks group and Renoma group.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.137-156
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze types of roles and fashion of the Chinese first ladies and provide basic data for fashion image-making of first ladies. As for the research methods, the concepts, role types, and fashion of the first ladies were considered by referring to the precedent studies and relevant literature. Then, the fashion images according to role types were analyzed by collecting the photos of Chinese first ladies from the period of the Republic of China until today. The results were as follows: First, when the roles of Chinese first ladies were categorized based on ceremonial, political, and policy roles, Zhuo Lin and Wang Yeping played a ceremonial role; Wang Guangmei, Liu Yongqing, and Peng Liyuan played a political role; and Soong Qingling, Soong Mayling, and Jiang Qing played a policy role while they were first ladies. While the first ladies of the Republic of China often wore classic Chinese styles like traditional qipao as well as western clothes which contained a western influence, the first ladies of the People's Republic of China wore more colorful clothes and more accessories in the later period, and also often wore clothes that combined traditional and western elements. Second, first ladies who played a ceremonial role showed mannish and classic images; those who played a political role showed elegant, classic, and diverse images according to T.P.O; and those who played a policy role showed feminine, modern, and mannish images. Fashion images of the first ladies varied according to the level of political involvement, the sociocultural background of China at that time, and their personality and preference.