• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 1999

Chromosome rearrangements induced in human lymphocyte after in vitro exposure to chromium were analysed by the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) with triple combination of composite whole chromosome-specific probe for chromosome 1, 2 and 4. Chromosome aberrations was scored by the Protocol for Aberration Identification and Nomenclature Terminology (PAINT). Stable translocation was the most frequent type of aberrations and dicentrics and insertions were also observed. Chromium treatment enhanced the frequencies of stable translocations and color junctions in a dose-dependent manners, but no distinct increase of dicentrics and insertions was seen. The ratio of the yields of translocation to the yields of dicentric varied between 13 to 27. The presents results demonstrate fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is useful for detecting chromosomal rearrangements induced by chromium.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.65.4-65.4
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• 2017

The laboratory astrophysics is a new emerging field of basic sciences, and has tremendous discovery potentials. The laboratory astrophysics investigates the basic physical phenomena in the astrophysical objects in controlled and reproducible manners, which has become possible only recently due to the newly-established intense photon and ion beam facilities worldwide. In this presentation, we will introduce several promising ideas for laboratory astrophysics programs that might be readily incorporated in the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser (PAL-XFEL). For example, precise spectroscopic measurements using Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) and intense X-ray photons from the PAL-XFEL can be performed to explore the fundamental processes in high energy X-ray phenomena in the visible universe. Besides, in many violent astrophysical events, the energy density of matter becomes so high that the traditional plasma physics description becomes inapplicable. Generation of such high-energy density states can be also be achieved by using the intense photon beams available from the PAL-XFEL.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.451-455
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• 2006

It is demonstrated that inorganic mercury has cytotoxic effect on glial cells. Recently, oxygen radicals is involved in methylmercuric chloride (MMC)-induced cytotoxicity. But, the toxic mechanism of MMC is left unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the cytotoxicity of MMC on $C_6$ glioma cells. The cytotoxicy was measured by cell viability using XTT assay in $C_6$ glioma cells. Colorimetric assay is regarded as a very sensitive screening method for the determination of the cell viability on various agents. In this study, MMC decreased cell viability according to the dose- and time dependent manners after $C_6$ glioma cells were grown with various concentrations of MMC for 48 hours. In the protective effect of allopurinol on MMC-induced cytotoxicity, allopurinol was effective in the prevention of MMC-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. These results suggest that MMC has highly cytotoxic effect on $C_6$ glioma cells by the decrease of cell viavility, and free radical scavenger such as allopurinol was effective on organic mercury-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.190-213
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• 1993

The information revolution is sweeping through the global economy. Information technology is transforming the structure of competition. The successful implementation of information technology is dependent on the effectiveness of information systems planning. However, it is very difficult to select an appropriate methodology for information systems planning given an organization situation. A contingency model is proposed on the selection of an appropriate approach depending upon the organizational situation. Although the contingency framework is not yet theoretically proved, the approaches suggested here turned out to be of benefit to the cases of the two real world projects studied. These approaches attempt to combine Business Systems Planning of IBM and Critical Success Factors in two different manners to make planning process more efficient and effective.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.413-422
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• 2012

This study is to verify the influence of salesperson's nonverbal communication on consumer emotions, and service quality in fashion shopping. This study sample is limited to Busan and Kyungnam Province's fashion shopping consumers. The responders included 239. Data were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, and AMOS. As the results, kinesics, proxemics, paralanguage, and physical appearance are a major influence on positive consumer emotions that influence service quality. Kinesics and proxemics are a major influence on negative consumer emotions; however, paralanguage, and physical appearance are not a major determinant to influence negative consumer emotions; in addition, there is a direct link between negative consumer emotions and service quality. Also, consumer emotions mediated the relationship between nonverbal communication and service quality. Therefore, fashion firms should train employee manners to ensure that nonverbal communication is important in service encounters.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.163-170
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• 2001

This paper presents results of nonlinear analyses for underground structures including both the soil-structure interaction and nonlinear behavior of concrete material. For this purpose, a hybrid method is employed, in which a dynamic analysis technique for a linear soil-structure interaction system and a general purpose FE program are combined in hybrid and practical manners. A couple of nonlinear analyses are carried out for framed structures in multi-layered half space soil medium. The yielding of concrete structure is considered by a multi-linear stress- strain relationship. The numerical results suggest that ductile design fur the intermediate columns in the underground framed structure is substantially important in aseismic design.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.231-235
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• 2013

Activity-guided isolation to search for antifibrotic compounds from natural products using HSC-T6 cells afforded nine flavonoids or phenolics, luteolin (1), 3'-O-methylorobol (2), acactin 7-rutinoside (3), sedelolactone (4), 4-methoxyphenol (5), 4-hydroxyaldehyde (6), 4-hydoxyaldehyde (7), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (8), and ferulic acid (9) from the methanolic extract of aerial parts of Eclipta prostrata L.. Among the isolated compounds, luteolin (1) significantly inhibited the proliferation of HSCs in dose- and time-dependent manners. Antifibrotic activity of E. prostrata and its phenolic compounds might provide potential therapeutical choice in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.28-34
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• 2014

This paper deals with optimum PI controller design using genetic algorithm to improve control performance and robustness for an oil cooler system. The optimum PI gain was found to minimize an object function, integrated absolute error, and to satisfy control design specifications such as overshoot and settling time based on practical transfer function of the oil cooler system. The control performance and robustness were investigated by comparing indicial responses and Bode diagram analysis with respect to three kinds of PI gains obtained from different gain decision manners. Moreover, the robustness against to input disturbances, sinusoidal wave form and abrupt single pulse, was evaluated. The computer simulation results showed that the suggested optimum gain can establish desirable control performance and strong robustness with easy design process.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2001

In this study, we compared skin response between Hartley guinea pig and New Zealand white rabbit. New Zealand white rabbit was treated by a glycolic acid (0, 8, 24, 40, 56 mg/$cm^2$) and UVB (0, 0.4, 3.0 J/$cm^2$) for 14 days. Skin irritation by glycolic acid and UVB were increased in dose and time-dependent manners, and the combination treatment of UVB increased glycolic acid-induced skin irritation. Comparison the skin irritation index between guinea pig and rabbit showed that guinea pig was much more sensitive to glycolic acid and UVB. This study indicated that selection of reliable species of animal could be considered in chemical-induced skin irritation study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.302-306
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• 2004

Probabilistic approaches are applied to the problem of groundwater remediation design to consider the risk of design and heterogeneity of real condition. Hydraulic conductivity fields are generated by two methods. First, the homogeneous domains which have the hydraulic conductivity with log-normal distribution are constructed by using Latin Hypercube method. Second, random fields with a certain spatial correlation are also generated. The optimal solutions represented by cumulative distribution function (CDF) of relative cost are calculated by three different manners. The one uses the homogeneous domains with the optimal design of base condition. It shows that ver)'wide range of cost and the influences of different penalty values. The other one uses the random field with same design and shows narrow range of cost. These CDF can reflect on the risk of optimal solution in a simple exampie condition and be effective in estimating the cost of groundwater remediation.