• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.427-434
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• 2009

To increase rice consumption and substitute rice flour for wheat flour to make gluten-free bakery products, the physicochemical and pasting properties of rice flours prepared from raw and soaked rices passed through different size screens were investigated. The quality properties of manju dough and preparation of rice manju were also measured. Dry milled flour with soaked rice (DMFSR) were decreased in ash and crude lipid contents compared to dry milled flour with raw rice (DMFRR). Water binding capacity, damaged starch content, and L value of rice flour increased with decreasing particle size, but the b value decreased. Peak, cold, and breakdown viscosities of DMFSR were higher than those of DMFRR by RVA. Hardness of manju dough with DMFSR was lower than that with DMFRR, but that of manju shell exhibited a reverse trend. Sensory difference testing revealed the smoothness of surface, hardness, roughness, and overall quality were significantly different (p<0.05). The smoothness of the surface of manju with DMFRR-200 and all DMFSR were better than that of manju prepared with wheat flour. Hardness showed lower values in DMFRR-200, and all DMFSR as well as wheat flour and roughness decreased with decreasing particle size. Rice manju with wheat flour, DMFRR-200, DMFSR-120, and DMFSR-170 ranked above 5 points and were not significantly different (p<0.05).

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2008.12a
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• pp.233.1-233.1
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• 2008

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.310-310
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• 2005

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.498-498
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• 2020

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5693-5699
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• 2014

The influence of the flour types, including bread flour and cake flour on sourdough preparation was investigated. As starters, mixed probiotic microorganisms, including Bifidobacterium longum KCTC 5734, Enterococcus faecium KCTC 13410, and Lactobacillus acidophilus KCTC 3925, or Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermented separately for 15h at $30^{\circ}C$, were combined and then fermented for 10h at $30^{\circ}C$. The combined process with cake flour showed a 100-fold and two-fold increase in [$H^+$] and titratable acidity, respectively. This was also reflected in the viable cell counts and lactate concentration in sourdough. These results show that bread flour and cake flour may be useful for the production of sourdough.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.337-357
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• 2016

The notion of weak contraction in intuitionistic fuzzy metric space is well known and its study is well entrenched in the literature. This paper introduces the notion of (${\psi},{\alpha},{\beta}$)-weak contraction in intuitionistic fuzzy metric space. In this contrast, we prove certain coincidence point results in partially ordered intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces for functions which satisfy a certain inequality involving three control functions. In the course of investigation, we found that by imposing some additional conditions on the mappings, coincidence point turns out to be a fixed point. Moreover, we establish a theorem as an application of our results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2007

The unsymmetric finite element formulation has been proposed recently to improve predictions from distorted finite elements. Studies have also shown that this special formulation using parametric functions for the test functions and metric functions for the trial functions works surprisingly well because the former satisfy the continuity conditions while the latter ensure that the stress representation during finite element computation can retrieve in a best-fit manner, the actual variation of stress in the metric space. However, a question that remained was whether the unsymmetric formulation was variationally correct. Here we determine that it is not, using the simplest possible element to amplify the principles.

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.129-133
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• 2003

For mass multiplication of an important medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii, a procedure for the high frequency regeneration of Coleus forskohlii has been developed using leaf explants via callus culture. Callus formation occurred in MS medium supplemented with 1-2 mg/L each of NAA and BAP. A large number of shoots were formed on MS + 1 mg/L BAP from 50-60 days old greenish calli. Rooting of healthy shoots occurred on 0.1-0.4 mg/L NAA. The protocol described could be useful in future for genetic manipulation of this plant species.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.35-53
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• 2015

This investigation deals with reliability and sensitivity analysis of a repairable embedded system with standby wherein repairman takes multiple vacations. The hardware system consists of 'M' operating and 'S' standby components. The repairman can leave for multiple vacations of random length during its idle time. Whenever any operating unit fails, it is immediately replaced by a standby unit if available. Moreover, governing equations of an embedded system are constructed using appropriate birth-death rates. The vacation and repair time of repairman are exponentially distributed. The matrix method is used to find the steady-state probabilities of the number of failed components in the embedded system as well as other performance measures. Reliability indexes are presented. Further, numerical experiments are carried out for various system characteristics to examine the effects of different parameter. Using a special class of neuro-fuzzy systems i.e. Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Interference Systems (ANFIS), we also approximate various performance measures. Finally, the conclusions and future research directions are provided.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.323-351
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• 2021

The present paper addresses magnetohydrodynamic pulsating flow and heat transfer of two immiscible, incompressible, and conducting couple stress fluids between two permeable beds. The flow between the permeable beds is assumed to be governed by Stokes' [28] couple stress fluid flow equations, whereas the dynamics of permeable beds is determined by Darcy's law. In this study, matching conditions were used at the fluid-fluid interface, whereas the B-J slip boundary condition was employed at the fluid-porous interface. The governing equations were solved analytically, and the expressions for velocity, temperature, mass flux, skin friction, and rate of heat transfer were obtained. The analytical expressions were numerically evaluated, and the results are presented through graphs and tables.