• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.40 no.9 s.400
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• pp.703-708
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• 2002

Cardiac arrhythmia is irregular heart rate. It's one of the reason of unpredictable sudden death. Accurate diagnosis and management of cardiac arrhythmia are the most important factors for the life of patient. To obtain a good prognosis, Dentist should be know and manage the multi-types of cardiac arrhythmia during dental treatment with the cooperation of medical doctor majored in cardiac circulation medicine. We casually found the cardiac arrhythmia in mandible prognathism patient during preparation for orthognathic surgery. Orthognathic surgery for cardiac arrhythmia patient was done successfully under general anesthesia with the temporary cardiac pace-maker.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.18 no.3 s.132
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• pp.197-200
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• 1980

This study was undertaken to investigate the form and position of the mandible of upper prognathism in relation to craniofacial complex. The subjects consist of 20 males and 39 females with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and measurements were achieved on lateral cephalograms. The results were a follows. 1. Infradentale was situated anteriorly to orbital plane, but point B, pogonion and menton were situated posteriorly. 2. Development of chin point area of female was poor than that of male. 3. In case of facial angle was large, ramus angle tend to be small, but gonial angle had tendency to be large.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.373-377
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• 1972

The patient, a 17-year old Korean male, had difficulty in mastication, and a protruding lower jaw combined with open bite. Cosmetic complaint was right displacement of mandible. He was corrected by reversed L-shaped bilateral Osteostomy in ascending ramus.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.655-661
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• 2010

Objectives : This study is aimed to prevent the damage to the inferior alveolar nerve during the orthognathic surgery. Methods : The control group consist of 50 patients with class I occlusion. The experimental group consist of 50 patients with class III malocclusion. The cepalometric radiography was used to evaluate the position of the mental foramina. Results : In the first, mental foramen position of class III was more inferior 0.85 mm in the distance between base of mandible and mental foramen. But the distance between occlusal plan and mental foramen had not statistically significant. Secondly, mental foramen location of Mandibular Prognathism was more anterior 0.91 mm in the distance between coronal plane of mandible included pogonion point and mental foramen. Also, the distance of occlusal-coronal plane of mandible included central incisor and mental foramen had statistically significant. The mental foramen location of class III was more anterior 4.81 mm than class I patients. Conclusions : The result of this study could help the clinicians to apprehend fundamental data with various facial skeletal types for any related researches about the location of the mental foramina for other purposes.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.362-371
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• 2022

Orthognathic surgery is the primary treatment option for severe skeletal discrepancy. However, orthodontic camouflage should be considered as an alternative treatment option, considering the risks of surgery. A 19.5-yearold man presented with a severe prognathic mandible with a Class III molar relationship and an anterior crossbite. Orthognathic surgery could be considered because of his severe skeletal discrepancy and mandibular prognathism. However, the anesthetist for orthognathic surgery did not recommend surgery under general anesthesia because of risk factors associated with the patient's aplastic anemia, including bleeding and infections. Thus, a camouflage treatment to promote backward rotation of the mandible via orthodontic extrusion of the posterior teeth was planned. An anterior bite plate, intermaxillary elastics, and fixed orthodontic appliances were used to extrude the posterior teeth and to align the dentition. After 17 months of nonsurgical orthodontic treatment, normal occlusion was achieved, and the facial profile was dramatically improved. This case report describes the dentoskeletal and soft-tissue effects of mandibular rotation and its long-term stability.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the skeletal relapse pattern of the mandibular prognathic patients after mandibular set back surgery by sagittal split ramus osteotomy. The horizontal and vertical position of the cephalometric points were measured before, after surgery and after one-year follow up period. The next, the positional change of the proximal and distal mandibular segment were evaluated respectively. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The horizontal and vertical position of Cd was not changed before and after surgery, and it was maintained its original position during the observation periods. 2. As the mandibular prognathism of the patients was severe before surgery, the more skeletal relapse tendency was observed during follow-up period(p<0.05). 3. As the horizontal positional change of the mandible which was obtained by mandibular set-back surgery was large, the more horizontal relapse tendency was observed during follow-up period(p<0.05). 4. The corpus axis angle decreased by sagittal split ramus osteotomy(p<0.01), but it was kept its reoriented position during follow-up period. 5. During the follow-up period after mandibular set-back by sagittal split ramus osteotomy, the forward relapse of mandible correlated with not only the forward rotation of the proximal segment but also the forward movement of the distal segment(p<0.05).

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2010

Purpose : This study is aimed to evaluate the position of mandibular foramen of mandibula prognathism patients using 3-dimensional CT images in order to reduce the chance of an anesthetic failure of the mandibular nerve and to prevent the damage to the inferior alveolar nerve during the orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods : The control group consist of 30 patients with class I occlusion. The experimental group consist of 44 patients with class III malocclusion. Three-dimensional computed tomography was used to evaluate the position of the mandibular foramina. Results : The distance between mandibular plane and mandibular foramen, class I was 25.385 mm, class III was 23.628 mm. About the distance between occlusal plane and mandibular foramen, class I was 1.478 mm, class III was 5.144 mm. The distance between posterior border plan of mandibular ramus and mandibular foramen had not statistically significant. About the distance between sagittal plane of mandible and mandibular foramen did not also showed statistically significant. Conclusion : The result of this study could help the clinicians to apprehend more accurate anatomical locations of the foramina on the mandible with various facial skeletal types. thereby to perform more accurate block anesthesia of the mandibular nerve and osteotomy with minimal nerve damage. In addition, this study could provide fundamental data for any related researches about the location of the mandibular foramina for other purposes.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the post-operative skeletal stability after surgical correction of patients with mandibular prognathism by bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) and to evaluate the horizontal relapse tendency after the surgery. Methods: Twenty-six patients with Class III dental and skeletal malocclusion were selected for this retrospective study. Fifteen of them underwent BSSRO for mandibular setback and eleven of them underwent two-jaw surgery (Lefort I and BSSRO). In each patient, lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken pre-operatively, post-operatively within 1 week, and post-operatively after eight months. After tracing of the cephalometric radiographs, various parameters were measured. The analyses were done by linear measurement to evaluate the change in position of hard tissue B point, pogonion and mandibular plan angle by examination on lateral cephalograms. Results: The horizontal relapse rate was 27.1% at B point and 31.6% at pogonion in patients who underwent BSSRO. The horizontal relapse rate of the group where the amount of correction exceeded 10 mm was 25.69% at B point. Conclusion: There were no statistical differences on the magnitude of setback and direction of rotation of the mandible in mandibular stability. There were also no statistical differences between single mandibular surgery and two-jaw surgery for mandibular stability.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2006

The management of mandibular prognathism and retrognathism was revoluted by the advent of the technique of bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO) as described by Obwegeser and Trauner in 1957. The BSSRO of the mandible has been used for nearly 50 years and has undergone numerous modifications and improvements. Most patients, treated by this surgical operation, express their satisfaction with improved facial esthetics, masticatory function and others. But several complications associated with BSSRO may appear. Especially among them, facial nerve palsy following BSSRO is rare but serious problem. We treated for facial nerve palsy following BSSRO by physical therapy, steroid therapy and surgical intervention and then the result was favorable. Therefore we would like to report a case about a patient with facial nerve palsy after BSSRO with a review of the literatures.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 1979

This investigation was designed to compare the craniofacial and dental morphology of class III malocclusion with that of normal occlusin in children, and to determine the incidence of various class III craniofacial skeletal patterns. The material selected for this study consisted in standard lateral cephalograms of eighty two Korean children, forty one boys and forty one girls, aged 10 through 12 years, having class III malocclusion, and forty two Korean children, twenty boys and twenty two girls, with normal occlusion in the same age. Using the tracings of the standard lateral cephalograms, various angular and linear measurements were recorded, tabulated and statistically analyzed, and then the class III craniofacial skeletal morphology was divided into various patterns by the degree of SNA and SNB, which respectively were below, within or beyond the normal range of those of normal occlusion. The following characteristics of the craniofacial and dental morphology of class III malocclusion were observed. 1. The cranial base length of class III malocclusion was smaller than that of normal occlusion, and the small saddle angle was a characteristic figure of class III malocclucion. 2. Maxillary length of class III malocclusion was smaller than that of normal occlusion, and point A was retropositioned relative to cranial base but not PNS in class III malocclusion. Maxillary base inclination was not significantly different between the two, but occlusal plane to palatal plane was small in class III malocciusion. 3. The mandibular body length shown no difference between the two, but the mandibular body positioned anteriorly relative to cranial base in class III malocclusion. Ramus height, gonial angle, and mandibular effective length were large in class III malocclusion. Mandibular plane angle and joint angle had no difference between the two, and occlusal plane to mandibular plane angle was large in class III malocclusion. 4. Maxillary incisor inclination was not significantly different between class III malocclusion and normal occlusion, but mandibular incisors positioned and inclined lingually and consequently interincisal angle was large in class III malocclusion. 5. Class III malocclusion was divided into six categories of craniofacial skeletal pattern. The most common class III pattern was found to be one in which the maxilla was within the normal range of prognathism while the mandible extended beyond this range. The pattern in which the maxilla was below the normal range of prognathism while the mandible was within this range was approximately one fifth of the class III sample.