• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2023

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive, often fatal, malignancy that arises from the bile ducts. As it often presents with metastatic disease, surgery has limited utility. However, in some cases, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has provided the necessary reduction in tumor burden to allow for adequate resection. Consequently, new advances in neoadjuvant chemoradiation and targeted therapy are of interest with numerous case reports and small series published routinely; it is challenging to present a large case series or study given the overall rare frequency with which this malignancy is seen. Herein, we aim to summarize the newest advances in both neoadjuvant chemotherapy and targeted immunotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.271-273
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• 2023

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 2011

Purpose: It is difficult to obtain biopsies from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) prior to surgery because GISTs are submucoal tumors, despite being the most common nonepithelial neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Unlike anatomic imaging techniques, PET-CT, which is a molecular imaging tool, can be a useful technique for assessing tumor activity and predicting the malignant potential of certain tumors. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of PET-CT as a pre-operative prognostic factor for GISTs by analyzing the correlation between the existing post-operative prognostic factors and the maximum SUV uptake (SUVmax) of pre-operative 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 26 patients who were diagnosed with gastric GISTs and underwent surgery after being examined with pre-operative FDG PET-CT. An analysis of the correlation bewteen (i) NIH risk classification and the Ki-67 proliferation index, which are post-operative prognostic factors, and (ii) the SUVmax of PET-CT, which is a pre-operative prognostic factor, was performed. Results: There were significant correlations between (i) SUVmax and (ii) Ki-67 index, tumor size, mitotic count, and NIH risk group (r=0.854, 0.888, 0.791, and 0.756, respectively). The optimal cut-off value for SUVmax was 3.94 between "low-risk malignancy" and "high-risk malignancy" groups. The sensitivity and specificity of SUVmax for predicting the risk of malignancy were 85.7% and 94.7%, respectively. Conclusions: The SUVmax of PET-CT is associated with Ki-67 index, tumor size, mitotic count, and NIH classification. Therefore, it is believed that PET-CT is a relatively safe, non-invasive diagnostic tool for assessing malignant potential pre-operatively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.2631-2635
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• 2013

Background: Despite recent valuable steps in initiating a cancer registry in Iran, data depicting prevalence, incidence, and clinical picture of pancreatic tumors in the country are exceedinglyly sparse. With the aim of filling this knowledge gap, we reviewed cases in the pathology archive of Shahid Sadoughi hospital (Yazd, Iran), between 2001 and 2011. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 177 patients are reported in the present study. In cases for which paraffin-embedded blocks were available, the specimens were evaluated by two independent pathologists blinded to the primary diagnosis. We extrapolated the frequency of malignant lesions in our study to the population of Yazd province, derived from national census data, to generate cancer incidence rates. Results: Final diagnosis of malignancy was made in 117 cases (66.1%), and the remainder (60 lesions, 33.9%) were classified as benign. Adenecarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors were the two most common histological types of malignancy identified in 88 (75.2%) and 11 (9.4%) specimens, respectively. Crude annual incidence of pancreatic cancer was 0.55 per 100,000 person in 2001 and increased to 1.68 in 2011. Age standardized incidence rates in 2001 and 2011 were 0.75 and 2.68, respectively. A significant increasing trend in cancer incidence was observed during the 11 years of the study period (r=+0.856, p=0.009). Sex-stratified analysis, confirmed the observed trend in men (r=+0.728, p=0.034), but not women (r=+0.635, p=0.083). Conclusions: Over the past decade, incidence of pancreas malignancies has risen steadily in Yazd, Iran. Nevertheless, these figures are still substantially lower than those prevalent in developed nations.

• BMB Reports
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.254-259
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• 2020

Increasing evidence suggests the role of miR-449a in the regulation of tumorigenesis and autophagy. Autophagy plays an important role in the malignancy of T-cell lymphoma. However, it is still unknown whether miR-449a is associated with autophagy to regulate the malignancy of T-cell lymp homa. In this study, we for the first time demonstrated that miR-449a enhanced apoptosis of T-cell lymphoma cells by decreasing the degree of autophagy. Further, miR-449a downregulated autophagy-associated 4B (ATG4B) expression, which subsequently reduced the autophagy of T-cell lymphoma cells. Mechanistically, miR-449a decreased ATG4B protein level by binding to its mRNA 3'UTR, thus reducing the mRNA stability. In addition, studies with nude mice showed that miR-449a significantly inhibited lymphoma characteristics in vivo. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the "miR-449a/ATG4B/autophagy" pathway played a vital role in the malignancy of T-cell lymphoma, suggesting a novel therapeutic target.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.3-6
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• 2004

Background and Objectives: Nodal metastasis is one of the prognostic factors in salivary gland cancer. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors of nodal metastasis considered as a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with salivary gland cancer. Material and Methods: The authors retrospectively studied 82 patients with salivary gland cancer who underwent surgery from 1992 to 2002. We analyzed age, sex, tumor size, histologic type and 5-year survival rate to compare patients with and without nodal metastasis. Results: Mean age was 55.4 years, with a male-female ratio of 1 : 1.28. The overall 5-year survival rate was 85.5%. Among the 82 patients, 14 patients had nodal metastasis. There was no nodal metastasis in low grade malignancy. In patients without nodal metastasis, mean age was 52.5 years and the overall 5-year survival rate was 94.2%. In patients with nodal metastasis, mean age was 69.4 years and the overall 5-year survival rate was 42.9%. In patients with less advanced cancer (T1-T2 stage), the nodal metastasis was 7.5% and with advanced cancer (T3-T4 stage), 33.3%. Conclusion: Nodal metastasis significantly decreases survival in patients with salivary gland malignancy. High grade malignancy, large tumor size and old age are important risk factors of nodal metastasis. Nodal metastasis is more common in submandibular gland cancer compared with parotid gland cancer.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2006

"본 논문은 대한영상의학회지 2005년 제52권 제1호에 실렸던 논문으로 대한영상의학회의 승인을 득하고 본 협회지에 게재함. Purpose: We wished to compare CT colonography with conventional colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal poiypoid lesions, and we wanted to evaluate the role of IV contrast-enhanced CT colonography for the differentiation between benign polypoid lesions and malignant polypoid lesions. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four consecutive patients underwent CT colonography prior to conventional colonoscopy, Precontrast prone-position CT images and post contrast supine position CT images were obtained and the virtual colonoscopic images were reconstructed, Axial, sagittal and presence, size and morphologic features of colorectal polypoid lesions, and thor these findings were compared with the colonoscopic findings. The degree of enhancement of colorecralpolypoid lesions was measured by subtracting the attenuation valves obtained with precontrastand postcontrast CT images for the differentiation of benignity and malignancy of the colorectal polypoid lesions. Results. Among 75 colorectal polypoid lesions identified on conventional colonoscopy, 49neoplasms were found on CT coloaographv, and the overall detection rate was 65,3%.Detection rate of lesions smaller than l0mm was 52.1%(24/46), and the detection rate for lesions equal to or larger than 10mm was 86.2%(25/29), Morphologic features of the sessile type lesions on CT colonography were well correlated with those noted on colonoscopy, but the stalks were not identified in 6 of 13 polyps on CT colonography. There was no statistical correlation between benignity and malignancy and the degree of contrast enhancement on CT colonography, Conclusion CT colonography is a useful modality for the detection of colorectal polypoid lesionsequal to or polyps. However, CT colonography cannot differentiate benignity from malignancy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2681-2685
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• 2012

Objectives: This study focused on PTEN and Livin expression and associations with malignancy in human renal clear cell carcinomas (RCCC). Methods: PTEN and Livin expression was assessed in 100 RCCC tissue samples, 50 paracarcinoma cases, and 20 normal renal tissue samples using the immunohistochemical Streptavidin proxidase (SP) method. The relationships between binding and corresponding biological characteristics, such as histological grade, lymph node metastases, and clinical stages were analyzed. Results: Positive PTEN expression in RCCC was significantly lower than in renal tissue adjacent to carcinoma tissue and normal renal tissue (P<0.01). Livin expression in the renal tissue adjacent to the carcinoma and normal renal tissues exhibited only low levels, whereas overall Livin expression in RCCC was statistically significant (P<0.01). In RCCC, PTEN expression rate gradually decreased with an increase in clinical stage, whereas that of Livin increased to statistically significant levels (P<0.01), PTEN and Livin levels being negatively correlated (r=-0.395, P<0.01). Conclusions: PTEN and Livin are important in RCCC development. The two factors combined are expected to provide indices for estimating RCCC malignancy and progression levels, as well as references for RCCC diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2012

Background: The aims of the study were to determine the accuracy of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in detecting pulmonary metastasis through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), a technique that allows the excisional biopsy of small pulmonary nodules in patients with known malignancies. Materials and Methods: Between October 2007 and April 2010, 28 patients with known malignancies and small pulmonary nodules underwent VATS excisional biopsies. All patients were in follow-up for a previously treated malignancy. The malignancies included the following: colorectum (9), breast (6), head and neck (5), stomach (3), lymph (1), ovary (1), uterus (1), bladder (1), and liver (1). Results: There were 16 men and 12 women whose mean age was 56.7 years old (range, 38 to 77 years). The sizes of the mean nodules removed were 11.3 mm (range, 7 to 21 mm). Diagnoses included metastatic (11), bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (1), primary adenocarcinoma (1), pulmonary tuberculosis (6), fibrosis (5), organizing pneumonia (3), lymphoid hyperplasia (1). Among these lesions, 46.4% were malignant. Conclusion: True positive FDG-PET was 39.2%. FDG-PET is not a sensitive test in the evaluation of patients with a history of an extrathoracic malignancy and newly diagnosed small pulmonary nodules. VATS excision allows the early diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules, with low morbidity, in patients with known malignancies.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.253-259
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• 2011

Numb chin syndrome, is a rare neuropathy, characterized by facial and oral numbness restricted to the distribution of the mental nerve. Even though this neuropathy is uncommon, but this still has an important clinical meaning because it can be related with a malignancy. Because orofacial symptoms can even present the first clinical feature of a malignancy, dentists should pay careful attention to their meaning and importance to detect the malignant tumor early. Moreover, patients who present with a sudden numbness on chin should be investigated for the undiagnosed malignancy. In this report, we described a patient with stabbing orofacial pain and numbness of chin who was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and placed the importance on the diagnosis of NCS.