• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2002

The traditional Japanese agricultural landscape, In which a set of varied land-use patches functions as a sustainable ecosystem landscape unit, not only provides the local people tilth a stable food supply, but also offers a variety of habitats to many species of wildlife. Therefore, remaining natural habitats including those in the traditional agricultural landscape should be maintained whenever possible. In addition, restoration work should be implemented in areas where the natural habitat has been destroyed or severely degraded by human activities. This basic approach to the natural environment is a combination of maintenance and restoration. Types of maintenance and restoration can be classified into three categories according to the countermeasures employed: preservation, conservation and protection types of maintenance, and improvement, reconstruction and creation types of restoration. Four steps are proposed for ecological restoration and maintenance of a target area: exploration, diagnosis, prescription and care. In this process, a model for approaching the goal is important. One of the most important models should center on the traditional agricultural landscape involving a sustainable farming ecosystem. It is necessary to protect traditional landscapes and ecosystems from the degrading impact of urbanization and industrialization, as well as to enhance efforts at restoration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

We researched the fauna restoration of 5 urban streams in Ulsan established as ecological streams by improving water quality and river environment. The fauna inhabitation were compared according to the conditions of geometrical feature such as river width, low-water channel width, ect and water quality, water volumn, inland and forceland. The Mugeo cheon has clearly shown the fauna restoration effects resulting from supplying sustainable maintenance water and wastewater treatments. In the Yaksa cheon, on the other hand, the restoration effects were low due to the inflow of wastewater and sledges in some part of stream ever though the improvement of water quality. The Yeocheon cheon was found to have disadvantage on the ecological inhabitations due to supplying the maintenance water with highly concentrated salinity. The fauna restoration effect of the Meongjeong cheon was low due to the inflow of wastewater to the down stream. Therefore by supplying the maintenance water and improving the connection to the Taehwa river at the estuary, better restoration effects could be observed. In the Cheokgwa cheon, which is almost a natural river, the ecological integrity of the fauna population has been maintained quite well. It was concluded that the project to transform urban streams into ecological streams should focus on not only keeping water volume and quality but also maintaining favorable conditions for the migration and settlement of animal species close to the natural state.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.317-328
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• 2013

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of the maintenance water supply methods on the ecological restoration of 5 urban streams such as Mugeo cheon, Yaksa cheon, Yeocheon cheon, Myeongjeong cheon and Cheokgwa cheon in Ulsan metropolitan city. Water quality of the streams have been innovatively improved and the ecosystems have gradually been restored by supplying maintenance water constantly. However, we found that if the maintenance water was in a state of higher salinity or low quality, even enough supply was not helpful and even harmful for ecological restoration. We confirmed that the most important things to create or maintain from the urban stream to the ecological stream are that facilities like a walkway construction should be installed at least, supplying appropriate maintenance water, and a connection with the main stream.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.121-132
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• 2009

The agency which is responsible for work related to the restoration of vegetation on the quarry in Hong Kong is the Geotechnical Engineering Office of Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD). CEDD's environmental management system was certified as ISO 14001 : 2004 in 2006 and diverse instructions and technical documents about the restoration of the quarry were published and used for the performance of work and the implementation of the project. The restoration of the quarry is being carried out to respond to short-term and long-term goals. The general instructions for the restoration of vegetation says that a plant, when selected, should be self-sustainable with minimum maintenance required, have a high growth and survival rate, be tall enough to cover the rock slope faces, and preferably produce colourful flowers. These instructions prescribe the vegetation introduction technology, planting seasons, structural material of the vegetation works, maintenance and management, tree nursery operation, means of water supply, etc. This report introduced the outline of work on restoring vegetation carried out at Anderson Road, Shek O, Lam Tei, Turret Hill, Lamma, all large-sized quarries. In addition, it additzed Anderson Road's master plan. It is hoped that the Hong Kong examples so introduced are referred to in terms of institutional and technical considerations related to the nation's project for restoring quarries.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2015

This study focuses on whether a physical habitat model, River2D, is useful to assess and design stream restoration. To achieve the aim, the habitat suitability for Zacco Platypus was analyzed using River2D at midstream of the Anyang-Cheon through modifying the low flow channel and changing the flow discharge. The River2D simulation results show that the inhabited environment for Zacco Platypus is improved by increasing the sinuosity of the low flow channel, and vice versa. Also the inhabited environment for Zacco Platypus gets worse when there is no additional flow for maintenance water supply at the stream flowing through cities. In this respect, the physical habitat simulation study based on the River2D model is useful because it provides a practical guidance in designing stream restoration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.75-86
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• 2018

This research was thereby made to study and analysis ecological, landscape, and stability qualities of roadside cut Slopes in expressways and national highways that went through revegetation works. Also, evaluation items and framework for integrated assessment of plant structure and restored state for the maintenance were suggested. Following is the summary of the result. firstly, for stabilization of introduced native plant species on roadside cut slops, assessment on the post-project environmental management through long-term monitoring and maintenance works must be made. It signifies a form of authentic recovery and restoration by the native plants. second, current evaluation framework on the test beds is well managed with clear evaluation standards and table while its method of assessing the post management with only test bed results lacks conformity with this study site. Newly developed evaluation framework on the post construction sites is estimated to be used as assessment standards on any roadside construction sites. Third, after site investigation distinction was observed among different revegetating construction types in the long-term perspective. Due to the different duration time of vegetation state between seed-spray measures(degraded in time) and layer-spray measure(maintained), the use of coarse straw-mat mulching work or Coir net was suggested in long term maintenance of cut slopes. forth, segmentation of post environmental assessment is organized into three large categories of "ecological", "stabile", and "landscape" qualities regarding post restoration quality and stability of slope through native plants with which categories marks 50, 30, 20 points of rates. fifth, components of the post environmental assessment were segmented in twelve categories driving results from former experimental construction and newly focused items on site. In the future, it is possible to propose a customized assessment method considering the location and location of construction work if the research on the application of post-environment assessment methods for road construction surface recording is conducted systematically.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to derive the actually applicable directions and measures for conservation and restoration according to biotope types. Recently biotope project-installing eco-river, restoring damaged area, protecting habitate for flora and fauna- is processed according to being interested in making and restoring the biotope. But it is lack of study to estimate and systematize which biotope preserve and restore primary. For this purpose, the direction and measures of conservation and restoration be applicable to actuality are drafted by a review on the preceded case studies until now at the inside and outside of the country. And then this study proposed the concept, direction and measures for the effective systematic biotope management through continual feed back such as field applications in selected case study areas and consultations. First, the applicable directions and measures for conservation and restoration according to biotope types is suggested with the 'conservation' divided into two parts; protection and maintenance, the 'restoration', and the 'enhancement' divided into two parts; improvement and creation. Second, for the effective biotope management, the biotope types are classified into urban type, agricultural types and natural types according to the naturalness and dominant landscape. However, this study suggests that the direction and measures suitable to the regional conditions should be reviewed enough and selected and also the detail measures should be supplemented with the foundation of directions and measures for biotope conservation and management proposed in this study because the biotope management should consider regional characteristics.

• Magazine of the Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance and Inspection
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.18-26
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• 2014

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1789-1795
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• 2007

Railroad, the structure maintenance and restoration project was increased and widely performed in concrete pavement road and airport, building at downtown area, bridge abutment, and other concrete structures. Especially, the ground reinforcement technique by quick-reaction expansible resins is the most effective countermeasures against differential settlement and undesired deformation of structure. In this paper, the unconfined compressive strength and some environmental related tests were conducted to evaluate compressive strength and environmental effect of quick-reaction expansive resins and soil mixtures. Also, three case histories of concrete structure and railroad restoration project are presented. Based on the laboratory test, the quick-reaction expansible resins and soil mixture represent the sufficient compressive strength and the leachate material is satisfied the environmental regulation limits. As a result of this study, the structure restoration technology using quick-reaction expansible resins is very effective for restoration of differential settlement and deformation, and it is environmentally sustainable technology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.97-114
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• 2019

This study aims to analyze the effect of urban ecosystem restoration projects by evaluating the short-term restoration performance of the project sites, from both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. In this study, for the qualitative evaluation, we derived the evaluation frame from previous studies and literature. For the quantitative evaluation, the changes in ecological connectivity after the restoration project were described using landscape permeability and network analysis. In addition, changes in habitat quality after the restoration project were evaluated by using InVEST Habitat Quality Model. These evaluations were applied to the three natural madang (ecological restoration) projects and two ecosystem conservation cooperation projects. As a result, three categories, 10 indicators, and 13 sub-indicators were derived from literature as the evaluation frame for this study. In the case of quantitative evaluation of restoration performance, habitat quality increased by 45% and ecological connectivity by 37% in natural-madang, and habitat quality by about 12% and ecological connectivity by about 19% in ecosystem conservation cooperation projects. This implies that the ecological restoration project can increase the ecological connectivity and the habitat quality of degraded sites even in a short period of time by improving the land-cover and land use. The results by applying the evaluation frame indicated that ecological and environmental factors and the ecological functions were improved by the restoration works, even though the magnitude of performances were diverse depending on the specific evaluation items, project type, and site characteristics. This study clarified that the success of ecological restoration project should be assessed by both of the short-term and long-term goals, which can be achieved by the maintenance and sustainable management, respectively.