• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2022

Prefabricated exterior wall panel is the main non-load-bearing component of assembly building, which affects the comprehensive performance of thermal insulation and durability of the building. It is of great significance to develop new prefabricated exterior wall panel with durable and lightweight characteristics for the development of energy-saving and assembly building. In the prefabricated sandwich insulation hanging wall panel, the selection of material for the outer layer and the arrangement of the connector of the inner and outer wall layers affect the mechanical performance and durability of the wall panels. In this paper, high performance cement-based composites (HPFRC) are used in the outer layer of the new type wall panel. FRP bars are used as the interface connector. Through experiments and analysis, the influence of the arrangement of connectors on the mechanical behaviors of thin-walled composite wall panel and the panel with window openings under two working conditions are investigated. The failure modes and the role of connectors of thin-walled composite wallboard are analyzed. The influence of the thickness of the wall layer and their combination on the strain growth of the control section, the initial crack resistance, the ultimate bearing capacity and the deformation of the wall panels are analyzed. The research work provides a technical reference for the engineering design of the light-weight thin-walled and durable composite sandwich wall panel.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.22-32
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is on the application of the facade design of k-national university in deagu. The subjects of the study examined 75 buildings from the 117 university buildings in main campus. The analysis items is analyzed by several elements; flat and sloping roof, main entrance, design principle, style of architecture, finishing materials, and characteristics of design surveyed by analysis items. The results are as follows: In the 1950s, 2 subjects have shown conflicting characteristics except brick finishing materials. In he 1960s, flat make up 75% of a whole, centrality in main entrances occur, but have an asymmetrical, during this period vertical motif have been underlined by repetition of column, stone has application to main adminstration building. The buildings in the 1970s were so characteristics of modern architecture by painting and flat except main entrance at the center of facade. In the 1980s, position of main entrance have a corner of a wall, finishing materials of a wall were beginning to use stone, glass and metal. The buildings in the 1990s and 2000s are looking a three-dimensional composition by rhythm of superimposition and segmentation and all finishing materials of analysis items are in use.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1112-1120
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• 2002

Numerical investigations on air staging and fuel staging were carried out with a newly designed coaxial cyclone combustor, which uses the method of two stage coal combustion composed of pre-combustor and main combustor. The pre-combustor with a high air/fuel ratio is designed to supply gas at high temperature to the main combustor. To avoid local high temperature region in this process, secondary air is injected in the downstream. Together with the burned gas supplied from the pre-combustor and the preheated air directly injected into main combustor, coals supplied through the main burner react rapidly at a low air/fuel ratio. Strong swirling motion of cyclone combustor keeps the wall temperature high, which makes slagging combustion possible. Alaska, US coal is used for calculations. Predictions were made for various coal flow rates in the main combustor for fuel staging and for the various flow rate of secondary air in the pre-combustor for air staging. In-scattering angles are also chosen as a variable to increase residence times of coal particles. Temperature fields and particle trajectories for various conditions are described. Predicted temperature variations at the wall of the combustor are compared with corresponding experimental data and show a similar trend. The in-scattering angle of 20° is recommended to increase the combustion efficiency in the main chamber.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.101-105
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• 1998

This paper describes anisotropic etching technology of highly doped polysilicon. The main etching gases are $Cl_2$ and $SiCl_4$ for reactive ion etching of polysilicon. The mixed $CHCl_3$ to main etching gas makes polymer on etching side wall, so it prevents side etching of polysilicon. The etch rate of polysilicon is increased with increasing RF power. But the etching rate is decreased as the flow rate of $CHCl_3$ is increased with fixed RF power. The etch selectivity of polysilicon and $SiO_2$ is about 12:1. And that of polysilicon and $Si_3N_4$ is about 19:1. In the main etching gas condition, the slope of polysilicon is same as that of photoresist. But in the mixed $CHCl_3$ condition, the slope of polysilicon is larger than that of photoresist. This represents that the polymer made on side wall by added $CHCl_3$ prevents side etching, so anisotropic etching can be possible by polymer.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.61-76
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• 2009

Gwangjueupseong (Gwangju Town Wall) has been found in the site of the Asian Culture Complex (former Provincial Government of Jeonnam) by archaeological field survey. The length of the remaining wall is 85.1m, and the Town Wall consists of ten kinds of rock type. The major rock types are dacite (41.1%) and andesite (35.7%). Dacite composes main rock blocks of the wall, and andesite is used to fill the cavity between main rock blocks. These rocks look very similar to basement rocks of the Mudeung Mountain on the basis of occurrence features, magnetic susceptibility, petrological, mineralogical and geochemical properties. Also, quarrying traces were found on the southwestern slope of the mountain along the Jeungsimsa Temple valley. Thus, it is probable that the rock materials of the Gwangju Town Wall were supplied from the Mudeung Mountain and that they were transported along the Gwangju river.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.105-106
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• 2015

As the Long-life certification system is recently introduced in the Housing Law in Korea, it is expected that an application of the lightweight wall panel will be increased in apartment construction as the main wall system. However, the performance criteria for lightweight wall is in the early phase of its action. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the performance criteria properly by investigating performance requirement in the user's perspective. The purpose of this study is to identify of the weight of the required performance items for the lightweight wall in apartment house. To analyze the priority in the performance, an interview survey is performed; after monitering the test-bed of the lightweight walls, user and experts evaluate the performance requirements. The weight of the performance requirement is developed by AHP method.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.213-233
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• 2009

In this paper the study of a reinforced concrete wall used as protection against accidental explosions in the petrochemical industry is presented. Many alternatives of accidental scenarios and sizes of the wall are analyzed and discussed. Two main types of events are considered, both related to vessel bursts: Pressure vessel bursts and BLEVE. The liberated energy from the explosion was calculated following procedures firmly established in the practice and the effects over the structures and the reinforced concrete wall were calculated by using a CFD tool. The results obtained show that the designed wall reduces the values of the peak overpressure and impulse and, as a result, the damage levels to be expected. It was also proved that a reinforced concrete wall can withstand the blast load for the considered events and levels of pressure and impulse, with minor damage and protect the buildings.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1101-1117
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• 2006

In the present article, recent progress of spray-wall interaction research has been reviewed. Studies on the spray-wall interaction phenomena can be categorized mainly into three groups: experiments on single drop impact and spray (multiple-drop) impingement, and development of comprehensive models. The criteria of wall-impingement regimes (i.e., stick, rebound, spread, splash, boiling induced breakup, breakup, and rebound with breakup) and the post-impingement characteristics (mostly for splash and rebound) are the main subjects of the single-drop impingement studies. Experimental studies on spray-wall impingement phenomena cover examination of the outline shape and internal structure of a spray after the wall impact. Various prediction models for the spray-wall impingement phenomena have been developed based on the experiments on the single drop impact and the spray impingement. In the present article, details on the wall-impingement criteria and post-impingement characteristics of single drops, external and internal structures of the spray after the wall impact, and their prediction models are reviewed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.12-14
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• 1982

21 cases of the chest wall tumors that were operated and proved by pathologically at the dept. of thoracic & cardlovascular surgery, SNUH during 16 years from 1965 to 1981 were reviewed. The results are as follows: 1.Benign tumors were 11 cases. Primary malignant tumors were 7 cases. Metastatic tumors were 3 cases. 2.Incidence rate of male to female was 1.5:1. 3.Main symptoms were palpable mass [52.4%] and localized chest pain [14.3%]. 4.Locations of tumors were rib [61.9%], soft tissues and muscle [33.3%] and sternum [4.8%]. We excluded the Tbc, rib carles from the chest wall tumors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.69-72
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to find out the shear capacity of URM wall and the variables that affect the shear capacity of URM wall such as the opening and the aspect ratio, considering four kinds of failure modes, sliding shear failure, toe crushing failure, and diagonal shear failure. The main varialble is the shape of opening of URM walls. First URM has one door, second has one window, third hase one door and one window, the last has two windows. The test results of URM with openings show that the specimens are governed by rocking failure mode.