• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.103-112
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the incomplete aspects of the government pilot project 'Livable City Making' Also, the study was conducted to consider a plan that residents will satisfy for the realization of the project. The study used a case study and a survey method in research process. For the case study, two projects in Busan that have similar planning were chosen. The contents of the survey included the residents' interest in their housing area, their recognition and opinions of the pilot project, their satisfaction about the environmental alterations, and their thought about conditions of sustainable housing. The main results of this study were as follows. First, the residents were satisfied with the alteration of the street space and the provision of green and open spaces. Meanwhile they revealed that the preservation of the natural environment and the vitalization of community are insufficient. Second, they also believed that the construction of the pedestrian streets, the provision of parking lots, and the remodeling of the deteriorated buildings are incomplete. Third, the residents believed that the following provisions need to be made for successful sustainable housing waste discharge needs to be minimized, facilities need to be used for saving energy, opportunities for employment need to be provided within their housing areas, and safe street spaces and comfortable traffic systems need to be provided.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.135-142
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• 2011

This study applies the 'interface' as the concept to interpret the facade design of parking garages. This study investigates the characteristics of interface design in the parking garages to improve design qualities of parking garages as a daily living space as well as a public space in today's city. The facade of parking garage is an interface between the urban streets and the parking space. Three concepts of interface and design in parking garage are defined. The concept of interface is explained as a boundary surface which activates communication and interaction. In facade design of parking garage, three main concepts of interface design are screen, communication and mobility. Through the investigation of the examples, this study summarizes the characteristics of the facade design of parking garage as follow; first, the facade of parking garage is designed as a screen which represents immateriality by specially selected and arranged surface materials. The screen facade is designed as one homogeneous surface as well as an irregular pattern with operable louvers. Second, the facade of parking garage is designed as a communication media to deliver direct information. The representation of natural or artificial characteristics at the local areas is to communicate with the people in the community. Third, the facade of parking garage is represented mobility which a car symbolizes. It emphasizes various movements and visual changes by movements. People can experience the visual changes of the building facade as they walk or drive. The visual changes of the facade are caused by natural elements such as wind and light as well as an optical illusion.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2017

This paper explores the characteristics of curated news content. With content analysis of 1020 news clips, the study found that news values immersed in card news differed from those of traditional news. Specifically, timeliness was not regarded as a key factor in newsworthiness. Rather, information and social impacts were highly emphasized. Considering news consumers depend on traditional news for timely news, curated news content was not a replacement for traditional news but a supplement. By refurbishing photos from previous news reports and googling the web for related information, curated news reiterates social meaning and provides relevant information. Furthermore, salience of human interest can be explained by entertaining characteristics of curated news. In story forms, the list technique has several important points to stress, and was more frequently used than inverted pyramids. Another key finding of this study is man-on-the street as the most quoted main sources in the curatorial context.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-104
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to understand the distributions of fashion market and it's characteristics by investigating the attributes and changes of three representative fashion markets i. e. Chungjang Street Market, Underground Shopping arcades, Department Stores in Kwangju Metropolitan city. This study might contribute to the construction of more attractive fashion markets and also to consumer convenience by providing information about fashion. The method of investigation is by direct market visiting and interview from 2000. 7. 11 until 7. 30. The result is as follows; 1. Chungjang Street: This is the most famous and fashionable area, situated mainly on Chungjang street and Hwangkum-dong. The various kind of designer's boutiques, national brands, wedding shops, multi-shops etc. take place. Teenagers and people in their early twenties are the main customers. This point should be born in mind in a strategy of marketing. 2. Underground Shopping arcades: This market is open to customers of all ages and to the passengers crossing the streets and the purposeful visitors, even in rainy or snow days. However it is hard for novices to find it. 3. Department Stores: There are three department stores which are very competitive with each other by granting not only spacious and comfortable shopping areas but also places for children and cultural activities. The strategy of exhibiting unique items unparalleled in it's quality, might be needed with providing a comfortable parking lot, high quality commodes, appropriate sales program and more effective sales managements.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.7-24
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• 2009

This stydy investigates H-shaped houses in 1930s and examines the characters and meanigs of Kim, Jong-Ryang's H-shaped houses as a new trial to urban Hanok of those days. He, who was concerned about the housing problem of Seoul, made an attempt to make various types of dwellings. Among them, this study focuses on Japanese-Korean Style H-shaped houses in Samcheong-dong. As the alternative housing type against other urban Hanok of Seoul in 1930s, the H-shaped houses of Kim, Jong Ryang had characters as follows : 1) H-shaped houses has two special characters. First, the whole space of a single house can be divided into a left region and a right region. Second, it can be divided to a front region and a rear region. In his H-shaped houses, the left/right division was expressed as folding of space-layers in parallel with urban streets. The front/rear division was used as classification of main-living space and sub-living space. 2) KJR's H-shaped Japanese-Korean Style houses were proved to be designed as urban housing against the extreme housing shortage of Seoul in 1930s. 3) His houses however were not accepted broadly as a urban house type because the construction cost of those was higher than an average and the element of Japanese style house was not adapted to Korea. Kim, Jong-Ryang's trial is valuable because it was the rare case of realization of many discourses as defects of existing house type. With more rigorous investigations on KJR's experiment in modern house type, we could understand the housing condition of Seoul in 1930s and modern urban houses more than before.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.240-247
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• 2014

This study is aimed to examine the characteristics of library space, in which user experiences and social networking are central in its design. Today, a library is a place to provide diverse accesses and experiences to information networks, where various individuals and user groups come and share mutual understanding and experiences. Library users developed social ties and a sense of community through library experiences. As a multipurpose space of a community, a library has the characteristics of urban public space like sidewalks and plazas. The eight case studies of libraries are analyzed from the viewpoint of each factor of library experience, including landscape, sidewalk, and plaza experience. The study drew its conclusions as follows. First, a library is a regional landmark for the users. Thus, it tends to be designed to allow transparency on its surface which introduces inner and outer landscape into the inside of the building. Second, the users experience a library similarly as they experience an urban street where they interface, browse, and interact with people and information. As they interact and share experiences, they develop solidarity and social ties among them. A library is designed to preserve continuity to adjacent streets, which increases accessibility to the building and hosts street activities into the building. Third, a library today is designed to be a flexible open space with information networking as well as community networking which allows library users diverse activities within it. For example, a multipurpose grand stairs in the middle of the main circulation of a building allows the users diverse activities. A large open stack with reading areas gives the users the feeling of an urban plaza where they can move vertically and horizontally. In conclusion, all findings of this study imply a user-oriented design for a library building.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.396-402
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• 2016

In this study, hydraulic analysis of water-supply networks in Marivan was performed by modeling. WATERGEMS was used for modeling and it was calibrated using existing rules and regulations. The purpose of this research is modeling urban water network and its analysis based on hydraulic criteria and meeting pressure conditions at the nodes and complying the economic speed. To achieve this goal, first the pipelines of city streets was designed in AutoCAD on a map of the city. It should be mentioned that it was tried to prevent from creating additional loops in the network and the optimal network was designed by a combination of annular and branch loops. In the next step, the pipes were called in WATERGEMS and then we continue the operation by the allocation of elevation digits to the pipes. Since the topography of this city is very specific and unique, the number of pressure zones was increased. Three zones created only covers about 20% of the population in the city. In this dissertation, the design was performed on the city's main zone with the largest density in the Figures 1,320-1,340. In the next step, the network triangulation was conducted. Finally, the Debiw as allocated based on the triangulation conducted and considering the density of the city for year of horizon. Ultimately, the network of Marivan was designed and calibrated according to hydraulic criteria and pressure zoning. The output of this model can be used in water-supply projects, improvement and reform of the existing net-work in the city, and various other studies. Numerous and various graphs obtained in different parts of a network modelled can be used in the analysis of critical situation, leakage.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.1 s.114
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• pp.69-80
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to analyze the meanings of urban spaces which are the background of the Korean films, and to capture the interactions of ordinary culture and urban spaces. By reading urban spaces through films, it is possible to understand the variety of experiences that are hardly captured with direct eyes, specific and vivid urban images, and various events formed by the interactions of spaces and people. The scope of the study is the urban spaces revealed in Korean films portraying cities after the 1960's as their settings, and the total of 18 films was selected with every $4{\sim}5$ films for each time stage. With the selected films, analytical meanings were developed with considering three aspects; 1) phylogenetic meaning that simply reflects social-cultural and historical background, 2) the outer strum meaning that concerns the situation of special background and film scene, and 3) metaphorical and metanymic meaning on films. According to the appearance frequency, spatial backgrounds of film scenes are mainly alleys, main streets, railroad, loft, and riverside. And then the connection between spaces and meaning clusters was grasped, and reflected meanings were derived for every spaces. And the meaning of urban space in films was analyzed based on the meaning of developments and outer stratum. The fundamental characteristics and feelings of people in media such as films are more emphasized than in real world. Urban space is not considered as a simple visible shell, but is recognized as 'a real situation' created by people. The intension of this study was to open the possibility of the various views of urban spaces. The construction of the urban space should be approached from a perspective of creating new places at where the space and human beings interact with considerations of stories of various human lives. I hope new vistas can be opened up for the research subjects and methodologies about the hereafter study of urban spaces through the mutual communications with various adjacent regions including films.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.267-274
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• 2011

Objectives: We examined health care disparities in Korean urban homeless people and individual characteristics associated with the utilization of health care. Methods: We selected a sample of 203 homeless individuals at streets, shelters, and drop-in centers in Seoul and Daejeon by a quota sampling method. We surveyed demographic information, information related to using health care, and health status with a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was adopted to identify factors associated with using health care and to reveal health care disparities within the Korean urban homeless population. Results: Among 203 respondents, 89 reported that they had visited health care providers at least once in the past 6 months. Twenty persons (22.5%) in the group that used health care (n = 89) reported feeling discriminated against. After adjustment for age, sex, marital status, educational level, monthly income, perceived health status, Beck Depression Inventory score, homeless period, and other covariates, three factors were significantly associated with medical utilization: female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR, 15.95; 95% CI, 3.97 to 64.04], having three or more diseases (aOR, 24.58; 95% CI, 4.23 to 142.78), and non-street residency (aOR, 11.39; 95% CI, 3.58 to 36.24). Conclusions: Health care disparities in Seoul and Daejeon homeless exist in terms of the main place to stay, physical illnesses, and gender. Under the current homeless support system in South Korea, street homeless have poorer accessibility to health care versus non-street homeless. To provide equitable medical aid for homeless people, strategies to overcome barriers against health care for the street homeless are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.137-151
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• 2021

Revitalized alley-type urban commercial streets have recently received a lot of attention as a preferred place for people. The purpose of this study is to present implications in the planning and design methods for the making of alley-type urban commercial street. For that, theoretical review and case analysis were conducted on the street spatial characteristics of 'Jeonridan-gil' and 'Mangmidan-gil' in Busan, about site overview, street spatial composition, building use, streetscape and street furniture. The implications through the study are as follows. (1) Street environment should be created to improve the pedestrian space and environment. (2) The existing main use and the newly introduced use need to be coexisted. (3) The identity of the street must be maintained through adaptive reuse, etc. (4) The voluntary formation of the private sector and the planned making of the public need to be cooperated.