• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2009

The alkaline serine protease asp, which was shown to be a virulence factor of Vibrio alginolyticus as a purified protein, was cloned from V. alginolyticus EPGS, a strain recently isolated from moribund Epinephelus coioides in an outbreak of vibriosis in a mariculture farm of Shenzhen. The asp null mutant was constructed by homologous recombination with suicide plasmid pNQ705-1. Compared with the wild-type strain, the asp null mutant exhibited a significant decrease of total extracellular protease activity, and caused a IS-fold decrease in virulence of V. alginolyticus. In our previous study, the luxO and $luxR_{val}$ genes from V. alginolyticus MVP01 were cloned and identified, and the luxO-$luxR_{val}$ regulatory couple was shown to regulate various genes expression, suggesting that it played a central role in the quorum sensing system of V. alginolyticus. In this study, the regulation of the asp gene was analyzed by using RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR methods; we proved that its transcription was greatly induced at the late stage of growth and was regulated by a luxO-$luxR_{val}$ regulatory system.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권11호
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• pp.1223-1226
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• 2006

철적모구성 빈혈은 heme 대사의 이상으로 혈청철의 증가와 소구성 저색소성 빈혈을 보이며, 골수 소견에서 적혈구계 과다형성과 함께 환상 철적모구가 많이 나타나는 것이 특징이다. 저자들은 2세 남아에서 드문 질환인 철적모구성 빈혈과 승모판 탈출증에 의한 승모판 역류가 동시에 있는 증례를 경험하였다. 환아는 철적모구성 빈혈에 의해 수혈에 따른 철분의 과잉 침착과 만성 빈혈에 의한 심계 항진에 의한 심근 기능 장애가 발생할 가능성이 있는데다, 동반된 승모판 탈출증으로 심기능의 장애의 위험이 증가할 것으로 사료된다. 현재 환아는 pyridoxine 투약 후 전신 상태와 혈색소 수치가 안정적으로 유지되고 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.2751-2756
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• 2015

Background: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) can specifically induce apoptosis limited to various cancer cells, so this reagent is considered a promising medicine for cancer therapy. TRAIL also exerts effects on non-apoptotic signals, relevant to processes such as metastasis, autophagy and proliferation in cancer cells. However, the mechanisms of TRAIL-regulated non-apoptotic signals are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate MADD/CXCR7 effects in TRAIL-mediated breast cancer cell migration. Materials and Methods: The ability of MADD/CXCR7 to regulate MVP signaling in TRAIL-mediated breast cancer cells migration was evaluated by transwell migration assay, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting and knock down experiments. Results: In this study, we found that treatment with TRAIL resulted in induced expression levels of MADD and CXCR7 in breast cancer cells. Knock down of MADD followed by treatment with TRAIL resulted in increased cell migration compared to either treatment alone. Similarly, through overexpression and knockdown experiments, we demonstrated that CXCR7 also positively regulated TRAIL-inhibited migration. Surprisingly, knock down of MADD lead to inhibition of TRAIL-induced CXCR7 mRNA and protein expression and overexpression of CXCR7 lead to the reduction of MADD expression, indicating that MADD is an upstream regulatory factor of TRAIL-triggered CXCR7 production and a negative feedback mechanism between MADD and CXCR7. Furthermore, we showed that CXCR7 is involved in MADD-inhibited migration in breast cancer cells. Conclusions: Our work defined a novel signaling pathway implicated in the control of breast cancer migration.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.317-324
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• 2018

SWRO-PRO hybrid desalination technology is recently getting more attention especially in large desalination markets such as USA, Middle East, Japan, Singapore, etc. because of its promising potential to recover a considerable amount of osmotic energy from brine (a high-concentration solution of salt, 60,000 - 80,000 mg/L) and also to minimize the impact of the discharged brine into a marine ecosystem. By the research and development of the core technologies of the SWRO-PRO desalination system in a national desalination research project (Global MVP) supported by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (MOLIT) and Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (KAIA), it is anticipated that around 25% of total energy consumption rate (generally 3 to $4kWh/m^3$) of the SWRO desalination can be reduced by recovering the brine's osmotic energy utilizing wastewater treatment effluent as a PRO feed solution and an isobaric pressure exchanger (PX, ERI) as a PRO energy converter. However, there are still several challenges needed to be overcome in order to ultimately commercialize the novel SWRO-PRO process. They include system optimization and integration, development of efficient PRO membrane and module, development of PRO membrane fouling control technology, development of design and operation technology for the system scaling-up, development of diverse business models, and so on. In this paper, the current status and progress of the pilot study of the newly developed SWRO-PRO hybrid desalination technology is discussed.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.211-212
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• 2011

플라즈마를 제어하기 위해서는 플라즈마의 온도, 밀도, 에너지 분포등과 같은 플라즈마의 특성을 정확히 측정할 수 있어야한다. 핵융합발전에서는 플라즈마를 발생하기 위하여 플라즈마의 온도, 밀도 등 각종 변수들을 시공간적으로 계측, 분석할 수 있는 진달설비를 사용하고 있으며, 정확한 플라즈마 제어와 측정을 위한 새로운 진단기술을 개발하고 있다. 그리고 중요한 변수중에 하나인 플라즈마 이온온도를 측정하기 위해 중성입자 검출법이 잘 알려져 있다. 이 실험은 수소 중성입자가 토카막 내부의 플라즈마 이온과 충돌하면서 생성된 고속 중성입자의 에너지를 분석하는 실험이다. 본 연구의 실험방법은 수소 중성입자를 이온빔 장치에서 이온화 시킨 후 자체 제작한 가속기를 통하여 가속시켜 에너지 특성을 분석을 하는 것이다. 본 연구의 실험장치로 에너지 교정용 100 keV 이온빔 소스를 제작 하였고 이온빔 장치 내부에 수소기체를 주입하고 기체방전을 일으켜 플라즈마를 발생시켰다. 이온빔 외부에는 팬을 설치하고 전도성이 강한 물 대신 전도성이 약한 오일을 사용하여 냉각 하였다. 이온빔 장치와 결합될 이온 가속장치는 지름 300 mm, 두께 2 mm의 원형 구리판을 여러층으로 쌓아 전극으로 제작하였고 전극과 전극 사이에서 코로나 방전과 스파크를 방지하기 위해 전극 둘레에 코로나링을 설치 하였다. 또한 전극 사이마다 1G${\Omega}$의 저항을 설치한 후 고전압을 생성하여 이온 가속 효율을 증대시켰다. 진공시스템으로는 Alcatel사의 CFF100 터보분자 펌프와 우성진공사의 MVP24 진공로타리펌프를 결합하여 사용하였으며, 진공도측정은 Alcatel사의 ACS1000 장치를 사용하였다. 고진공후 고속 중성입자의 이온화와 에너지 측정을 위한 전하교환기를 설치하였다. 전하교환기로는 진공시스템을 별도로 설치하고 비용이 비교적 많이 드는 기체형 전하교환기 대신 소형화가 가능하고 유지보수가 좋은 고체형 전하교환기 제작하여 실험 하였다. 전하교환기에서 이온화된 고속 중성입자가 전기장이나 자장에 영향을 받았을때 에너지분포를 디텍터를 통해 측정하였다. 즉, 이온화된 중성입자의 에너지가 실리콘 다이오드를 통해 전압 펄스 신호로 변환되고 이차 증폭기를 통해 전압 펄스 신호들이 증폭한다. 에너지 측정을 위한 디텍터는 소형화가 가능하고 비용이 비교적 적게 드는 실리콘 다이오드를 설치하였다. 본 연구결과 중성입자 에너지 분석 장치가 실제 핵융합 장치의 플라즈마 이온온도와 특성 측정에 적용할 수 있으며, 앞으로 개발될 여러 형태의 응용 플라즈마 발생장치의 플라즈마 진단에 이용될 것으로 기대한다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2019

This paper describes the improved environment recognition algorithms using some type of sensors like LiDAR and cameras. Additionally, integrated control algorithm for an autonomous vehicle is included. The integrated algorithm was based on C++ environment and supported the stability of the whole driving control algorithms. As to the improved vision algorithms, lane tracing and traffic sign recognition were mainly operated with three cameras. There are two algorithms developed for lane tracing, Improved Lane Tracing (ILT) and Histogram Extension (HIX). Two independent algorithms were combined into one algorithm - Enhanced Lane Tracing with Histogram Extension (ELIX). As for the enhanced traffic sign recognition algorithm, integrated Mutual Validation Procedure (MVP) by using three algorithms - Cascade, Reinforced DSIFT SVM and YOLO was developed. Comparing to the results for those, it is convincing that the precision of traffic sign recognition is substantially increased. With the LiDAR sensor, static and dynamic obstacle detection and obstacle avoidance algorithms were focused. Therefore, improved environment recognition algorithms, which are higher accuracy and faster processing speed than ones of the previous algorithms, were proposed. Moreover, by optimizing with integrated control algorithm, the memory issue of irregular system shutdown was prevented. Therefore, the maneuvering stability of the autonomous vehicle in severe environment were enhanced.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.147-173
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• 2022

Purpose As the use of social network services has become common, it has become possible to freely communicate and establish relationships with other people anytime, anywhere for communication and information sharing. Influencers who have a strong influence on consumers' perceptions and attitudes through their own opinions and stories have appeared on various social media channels such as YouTube. Recently, companies utilize influencers with a large number of followers to check interactions with customers to understand customer attitudes and opinions about products in real time. Start-ups with insufficient resources need to quickly examine customer responses to reduce the probability of failure after product planning. The Lean process of creating an MVP and quickly confirming and learning the market response should be repeated over and over again. Findings In this paper, we try to suggest that the YouTube platform can play a sufficient role as a customer experiment space through examples. The case company is a company that has successfully commercialized products by continuously interacting with customers through the YouTube platform for the first four months of its founding. This paper is expected to be helpful in the experimental process for prospective founders and early founders to examine customer responses to reduce the probability of market failure before commercialization. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzed the YouTube channel data of case companies based on the netnography methodology and presented the contents of the lean process management carried out in the experimental stage and the post-production stage through interview research.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.89-104
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• 2021

Food delivery service combined with IT technology and HMR (Home Meal Replacement) are rapidly growing due to the COVID-19. Recently, the demand for salads along with HMR has increased among office workers in their 20s and 30s who are interested in health and beauty. Freshcode is a food startup with 6 years of experience that started selling salad products through O2O service. Freshcode applied for a patent for a service that collects orders from nearby areas and delivers them on the same day to a designated delivery address 'FCOSPOT' to save shipping costs. In March 2021, in recognition of the growth potential of the regular delivery service, Freshcode received an investment of 6 billion won in Series A. This study may have practical implications to early-stage startups and scale-up stage startups through a longitudinal case study on the growth of a single company. As for the research method, the lean startup methodology and lean canvas were used in the early stage of startup. In particular, the process of the build-measure and learn feedback-loop, which is the core of lean startup methodology, was applied to each major decision-making step. In the scale-up stage after 5 years, the business model canvas was used to schematize the growth as a food online O2O platform to verify continuous innovation. This case study has three main findings. First, the idea of 'FCOSPOT' was successfully implemented through the Lean Startup methodology. Second, Freshcode demonstrated the scalability of the differentiated business model of shared base delivery O2O. Third, a key factor of success was the digital integrated communication operation strategy that maximizes the experience for the created customers.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권10호
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• pp.3604-3613
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• 2022

The Physical Protection System (PPS) plays an important role and must effectively deal with various adversary attacks in nuclear security. In specific single adversary path scenarios, we can calculate the PPS effectiveness by EASI (Estimated Adversary Sequence Interruption) through Probability of Interruption (P_I) calculation. EASI uses a single value of the probability of detection (P_D) and the probability of alarm communications (P_C) in the PPS. In this study, we develop a multi-path analysis code based on EASI to evaluate the effectiveness of PPS. Our quantification method for P_I considers the variability and uncertainty of P_D and P_C value by Monte Carlo simulation. We converted the 2-D scheme of the nuclear facility into an Adversary Sequence Diagram (ASD). We used ASD to find the adversary path with the lowest probability of interruption as the most vulnerable paths (MVP). We examined a hypothetical facility (Hypothetical National Nuclear Research Facility - HNNRF) to confirm our code compared with EASI. The results show that implementing the variability extension can estimate the P_I value and its associated uncertainty. The multi-path analysis code allows the analyst to make it easier to assess PPS with more extensive facilities with more complex adversary paths. However, the variability of the P_D value in each protection element allows a significant decrease in the PI value. The possibility of this decrease needs to be an important concern for PPS designers to determine the P_D value correctly or set a higher standard for PPS performance that remains reliable.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.230-238
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• 1996

재배장소(栽培場所)에 따른 야생(野生)더덕 및 재배(栽培)더덕의 기상환경(氣象環境), 생육특성(生育特性), 일반성분(一般成分), 유리(遊離) 아미노산(酸) 및 식물성(植物性) 정유성분(精油成分)을 비교분석(比較分析)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 자생지(自生地)는 재배지(栽培地에)에 비하여 기온(氣溫)이 $2{\sim}3^{\circ}C$ 지온(地溫)은 $2^{\circ}C$ 정도(程度)로 낮았고 조도(照度) 량(量낮)은 재배지(栽培地)의 2.9%였다. 자생지(自生地) 토양(土壤)의 pH는 재배지(栽培地)보다 다소 낮았으며 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)은 4.8%로 1.7배(倍) 정도 높게 나타났다. 2. 자생지(自生地) 재배(栽培)더덕의 개화기(開花期)가 8월(月)3일(日)로 같았지만 재배지(栽培地) 야생(野生)더덕은 재배(栽培) 더덕 보다 10일(日) 늦은 8월(月)15일(日)이었다. 만장(蔓長), 엽장(葉長), 경경(莖徑) 등(等)은 재배(栽培) 장소(場所)와는 무관(無關)하게 야생(野生)더덕에서 저조(低調)하였으나 방향성(芳香性)은 평균(平均) 5로서 재배(栽培)더덕이 평균(平均) 3.5인 것에 비해 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 야생(野生)더덕의 생체중(生體重)은 평균(平均) 11g/주(株)인 것에 비하여 재배(栽培)더덕은 23.5g/주(株딘)였으나 방향성(芳香性)은 재배지(栽培地)에서는 차이(差異)가 없었으나 자생지(自生地)에서는 야생(野生)더덕이 5 정도(程度)로 다소 높은 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 4. 야생(野生)더덕과 재배(栽培)더덕의 재배장소별(栽培場所別) 일반성분(一般性分)의 조성(組成)은 조단백질(粗蛋白質)의 경우(境遇) 재배장소(栽培場所)에 따른 차이(差異)를 보였으며 자생지(自生地)보다 재배지(栽培地)에서 높은 함량(含量)을 보였고 조(粗)사포닌은 재배지(栽培地)보다 자생지(自生地)에서 높은 함량(含量)을 보였다. 5. 무기성분함양(無機成分含量)의 차이(差異)는 K의 경우(境遇) 자생지(自生地)에서 보다 재배지(栽培地)에서 평균적(平均的)으로 10배이상(倍以上) 정도(程度) 높은 함량(含量)의 차이(差異)를 보였으나 Mn, Zn, Na, Cu 등(等)은 일정(一定)한 경향(傾向)을 보이지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 6. 유리(遊離) 아미노산(酸)의 함량(含量)은 자생지(自生地은)보다 재배지(栽培地)에서 전반적(全般的)으로 높은 함량(含量)을 나타내었고, 특(特)히 Arginine은 다른 성분(成分)들과 비교(比較)해 볼 때 가장 높은 조성(組成)의 차이(差異)를 나타내었다. 7. 야생(野生)더덕과 재배(栽培)더덕의 정유성분수율(精油成分收率)은 자생지재배(自生地栽培)에서는 모두 0.004% 였고 재배지(栽培地)에서는 야생(野生)더덕이 0.005%였다. 8. 더덕의 재배장소(栽培場所)에 따른 향기성분(香氣成分)은 총(總) 21종(種)이었으며 自生地(自生地)에서 야생(野生)더덕은 16종(種), 재배(栽培)더덕은 18종(種)이었고, 재배지(栽培地)에서 야생(野生) 더덕은 14종(種), 재배(栽培)더덕은 20(種)이었다. 9. Trans-2-hexanol은 야생(野生)더덕의 자생지(自生地) 재배(栽培)에서 피이크 면적(面積) 당(當) 50.3%, 재배지(栽培地)에서 피이크 면적(面積) 당(當) 43.3%를 보였으며 amylalcohol, furfuryl acetate, 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol(MVP)는 재배(栽培)더덕에서만 확인(確認)되었다.