• Development and Reproduction
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.213-223
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• 2018

Ultrastructural studies on oocyte differentiation and vitellogenesis in the oocytes of female Kareius bicoloratus were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The Golgi complex in the cytoplasm is involved in the formation of yolk vesicles that contain yolk carbohydrates in the yolk vesicle of oocytes in the early vitellogenic phase. In this phase, many pinocytotic vesicles (PVs), which are formed by pinocytosis, contain yolk precursors (exogenous substances). These substances are associated with exogenous heterosynthetic vitellogenesis. In yolked oocytes in the late vitellogenic phase, two morphologically different bodies, which formed by modified mitochondria, appear in oocytes. One is a multivesicular body (synthesized by autosynthetic vitellogenesis), and the other is a yolk precursor (an exogenous substance formed by heterosynthetic vitellogenesis). The multivesicular bodies (MVB) are taken into the yolk precursors (YP) and are transformed into primary yolk globules. However, after the YP mix with exogenous PVs near the zona pellucida, they are transformed into primary yolk globules. Vitellogenesis of this species occurs via endogenous autosynthesis and exogenous heterogenesis. Vitellogenesis occurs through endogenous autosynthesis, which involves the combined activity of the Golgi complex, mitochondria and MVB formed by modified mitochondria. However, heterosynthesis involves pinocytotic incorporation of extraovarian precursors (such as vitellogenin in the liver) into the zona pellucida (via granulosa cells and thecal cells) of the yolked oocyte.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.689-694
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• 2014

An SPLC (Safety Programmable Logic Controller) must be designed to meet the highest safety standards, IEEE 1E, and should guarantee a level of fault-tolerance and high-reliability that ensures complete error-free operation. In order to satisfy these criteria, I/O modules, communication modules, processor modules and bus modules of the SPLC have been configured in triple or dual modular redundancy. The redundant modules receive the same data to determine the final data by the voting logic. Currently, the processor of each rx module performs the voting by deciding on the final data. It is the intent of this paper to prove the improvement on the current system, and develop a voting system for multiple data on a system bus level. The new system bus protocol is implemented based on a TCN-MVB that is a deterministic network consisting of a master-slave structure. The test result shows that the suggested system is better than the present system in view of its high utilization and improved performance of data exchange and voting.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.61-66
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• 2016

This paper presents the implementation for a network structure of railway cars using a point to point communication. Most of network's representative specifications for a train are the FIP (Field Bus), MVB (Multifunction Vehicle Bus), CAN and WTB (Wire Train Bus) which is used by ALSOM, SIEMENS and BOMBADIER as major in this field. These networks in a physical layer use a multi-drop method, connected from $1^{st}$ car to $n^{th}$ car of a train through a cable without any extra services such as an electric part, amplifier. However waveforms which is passed through a long cable in the multi-drop are distorted by a capacitance or resistance of the cable or environments. Also since using a cable connected directly from $1^{st}$ car to $n^{th}$ car, if over two trains make double head, it isn't easy to distinguish ID for each railway cars. So by using the point to point network per each car, it is able to reduce a distortion. Also since reducing distortion, this communication speed can be been higher and transmit and receive any packets more stably. Using proposed token in a packet, this can make ID per each railway car automatically. Finally experimental results show the good performance and effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2002

Connection admission control(CAC), which decides whether or not to accept a new call request, is one of the most Important preventive congestion control techniques in asynchronous transfer mode(ATM) networks. To develop a practical CAC scheme, first we propose a "Modified Cell Loss Probability MP${\nu}"$, which is based on "Virtual Cell Loss Probability P${\nu}"$, taking into account mean burst duration of input traffic source and buffer size in ATM networks. MP${\nu}"$ computes more accurate cell loss probability than P${\nu}"$ without increasing computational complexity, since P${\nu}"$ is formulated simply form the maximum and the average cell rate of input traffic. P${\nu}"$ is overestimated as compared to the real cell loss probability when the mean burst duration is relatively small to the buffer capacity. Then, we Propose a CAC scheme, based on "Modified Virtual Bandwidth(MVB)" method, which may individualize the cell loss probabilities in heterogeneous traffic environments. For the proposed approach, we define the interference intensity to identify interferences between heterogeneous traffic sources and use it as well as MP${\nu}"$ to compute MVB. Our approach is well suitable for ATM networks since it provides high bandwidth utilization and guarantees simple and real time CAC computation for heterogeneous traffic environments.heterogeneous traffic environments.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.1580-1588
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• 1999

This paper evaluates the real-time performance of the Train Communication Network (TCN) that consists of WTB and MVB. A run-time scheduling algorithm for the hard-real time communication was proposed and its performance was evaluated. Also, a new addressing method and the adaptive tree algorithm were suggested to enhance performance. The overall performance was evaluated by computer simulation using Arena.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.155-155
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• 2000

A high performance control and monitoring system for a high speed railway train requires a reliable the real-time communication network. TCN/WTB is designed for the data transmission over the train bus, and UIC556 defines that all the data be transmitted over TCN/WTB. This paper evaluates the performance of the link layer of WTB(Wired Train Bus). The evaluated results can be used for the selection of parameters for the sporadic message data.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.255-264
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• 2002

In this paper, the power transmitting mechanism for negative torque of the metal V-belt (MVB) CVT were investigated by theoretically analyzing variation of band tension, block compression forces for each of the primary and secondary pulleys. An experimental study was performed to investigate the speed ratio - thrust characteristics for negative torque. The experimental results are in good acoordance with the theoretical results. CVT line pressure control logic was suggested for negative torque based the speed radio - negative torque - thrust characteristics and the thrust ratio curves. The results of this study can be used as basic design materials for developing the CVT control system for negative torque.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.720-726
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• 2004

The data transmission over MVB(Multifunction Vehicle Bus) of TCN(Train Communication Network) is divided into the periodic transmission phase and the sporadic transmission phase. TCN standard recommends the event-polling method as the message transfer in the sporadic phase. However, since the event-polling method does not use pre-scheduling to the priority of the messages, it is inefficient for the real-time systems. To schedule message transmission, a master node should know the priority of message to be transmitted by a slave node prior to the sporadic phase, but the existing TCN standard does not support any protocol for this. This paper proposes the slave frame bit-stuffing algorithm, with which a master node gets the necessary information for scheduling and includes the simulation results of the event-polling method and the proposed algorithm.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.160-165
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• 1996

This paper presents the development of video-based 3-dimensional tracking system. Measurement of human motion is important in the application of ergonomics. The system uses advanced direct video measurement technology. Passive retro-reflecting markers are attached to a subject and movements of markers are observed by two CCD cameras. Infrared light emitted near the CCD cameras is reflected by the markers and is detected by the cameras. The image ae captured by Samsung MVBO2 board and the center of markers is calculated by DSP program. The position of markers are transferred from MVB02 board to the computer through AT bus. The computer then tracks the position of each marker and saves the data. This system has dynamic accuracy with 1% error and the sampling rate to 6-10 Hz, and can analyse the trajectory and speed of the marker. The results of this study can be used for operators motion analysis, task analysis, and hand movement characteristic analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1993.05a
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• pp.126-131
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• 1993

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and solvent swelling technique have been applied for identifying physical transition temperatures in the macromolecular structure of coals. The transition processes seem to be associated with physical relaxation of the coal structure and are irreversible processes. In Pittsburgh No. 8 high volatile bituminous (hvb) coat one physical transition was noted at 250-30$0^{\circ}C$ (at 8$^{\circ}C$/min) without any significant accompanying weight loss. Coals of higher rank than high volatile bituminous, i.e., Upper Freeport medium volatile bituminous (mvb) and Pocahontas No.3 low volatile bituminous (lvb) coals, exhibit structural relaxation just before the major thermal decomposition process and a sharp increase in solvent swellability accompanies this relaxation. In the case of both the Pittsburgh No.8 and the Upper Freeport coat structural relaxations at around 36$0^{\circ}C$ seem to coincide with release of "guest molecules".les".uot;.