• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.571-584
• /
• 2013

현재까지 인간 수명에 영향을 미치는 요소와 해당 요소가 수명에 미치는 영향을 계량적으로 분석하는 연구들이 지속적으로 이루어져 왔고, 그 결과 성별과 연령 이외의 많은 요소들이 실제로 수명에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 혼인상태는 그러한 요인들 중 하나로, 직접 또는 간접적으로 생존자의 여명에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 인지되고 있다. 이러한 결과는 공적보험과 같은 사회복지 제도와 사보험 영역의 생명보험과 개인연금의 위험관리에 시사점을 제공해 준다. 본 연구에서는 국내의 혼인상태별 사망률 자료를 이용하여 혼인상태의 변화를 반영한 사망률 모형을 설계하고 혼인상태가 보험수리적 계산에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 그 결과가 나타내는 시사점에 대하여 논의하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.2201-2204
• /
• 2014

Russian rates for melanoma incidence and mortality are relatively low as compared to some other white populations but the tumor is of increasing importance. In this paper, data are based on a retrospective descriptive analysis of melanoma epidemiology and clinicopathological characteristics in Krasnoyarsk Territory belonging to the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation. The age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates for the period 1996-2009 were determined with subsequent retrospective analysis of clinicopathological data of 103 primary melanoma cases. Our results showed that incidence and mortality rates in the region under consideration match the Russian national trends and correspond to epidemiological data of the countries of Eastern Europe. Stratification of melanoma cases by age, sex, clinicopathological state and localization revealed a prevalence of lesions on the trunk and lower extremities. Most melanomas diagnosed were of superficial spreading type and the third Clark's level of tumor invasion and stage II according to AJCC. In spite of comparatively low rates of incidence and mortality the trend to increase of melanoma cases in the region under consideration obviously calls for more attention and further investigation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제56권4호
• /
• pp.303-309
• /
• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review cases of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) medically treated at our institution to determine if the CT angiography (CTA) 'spot sign' predicts in-hospital mortality and clinical outcome at 3 months in patients with spontaneous ICH. Methods : We conducted a retrospective review of all consecutive patients who were admitted to the department of neurosurgery. Clinical data of patients with ICH were collected by 2 neurosurgeons blinded to the radiological data and at the 90-day follow-up. Results : Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified predictors of poor outcome; we found that hematoma location, spot sign, and intraventricular hemorrhage were independent predictors of poor outcome. In-hospital mortality was 57.4% (35 of 61) in the CTA spot-sign positive group versus 7.9% (10 of 126) in the CTA spot-sign negative group. In multivariate logistic analysis, we found that presence of spot sign and presence of volume expansion were independent predictors for the in-hospital mortality of ICH. Conclusion : The spot sign is a strong independent predictor of hematoma expansion, mortality, and poor clinical outcome in primary ICH. In this study, we emphasized the importance of hematoma expansion as a therapeutic target in both clinical practice and research.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.160-163
• /
• 2003

Mortality of several species of fish and shellfish exposed to Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) caused by Cochlodinium polykrikoides, Heterosigam akashiwo, Alexandrium tamarense, Eutreptiella gymnastica, Heterocapsa triquetra and Prorocentrum micans was studied. When fish were exposed to a cell density of 8,000 cells $mL^{-1}$ in C. polykrikoides, $35\%$ of flatfish and darkbanded rockfish died within 48 hrs. However, jacopever rockfish had mortality of higher than $85\%$. Rock bream, filefish and red sea bream showed $100\%$ mortality within 10 hrs with an exposure cell density of 8,000 cells $mL^{-1}$. The rest of HABs except for C. polykrikoides showed that there was no fish and shellfish death throughout the 48 hrs even in the maximum cell density of 100,000 cells $mL^{-1}$ These results imply that C. polykrikoides can have a serious impact on fish mortality and it is regarded as an ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate. The fish death may be attributed to anoxia caused by a combination of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and polysaccharide from C. polykrikoides during blooms.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.99-114
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to determine the effect of social class distribution as measured by lower social class rate on all cause and cause specific mortality in Korea. I obtained data on social class, fiscal autonomy of municipalities, number of medical doctors, region(Si/Gun) from 1955 Korea Census Data and Regional Statistics Data. And all of the data on mortality adjusted for age for 1995 for each district from the National Statistics Office. Lower social class rate ranged from 18.9％ for Kangnam gu to 85.7％ for Imsil gun and age standardized mortality ranged from 385/100,000 population for Kangnam go to 803/100,000 population for Sinan gun. Lower social class showed had a significant correlation with total mortality adjusted for age(r=0.81, p<0.0001). The association of the rate to total mortality remained highly significant after adjusted for number of medical doctors per 1,000 population, fiscal autonomy of municipalities and region(p<0.0001). Effects of the lower social class were also found for neoplasm (p=0.0008)； cardiovascular disease (p<0.0001)； infectious disease(p=0.0115)； respiratory disease(p=0.0085)； gastrointestinal disease(p<0.0001)； accident ＆ poisoning (p<0.0001). The findings suggest that policies that deal with the inequality in social class may have an important impact on the health of the population.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 2010

Population ecological characteristics of growth and mortality play an important role in understanding the population dynamics of marine mammals. The instantaneous coefficients of natural and bycatch mortality were estimated for minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in Korean waters using a population assessment model composed of bycatch and abundance data. The survivorship curve of this population was fitted to the data, and then the curve was revised using age-specific relative bycatchability coefficients ($q_t$). Instantaneous coefficients of natural and bycatch mortality of minke whales were estimated as 0.024/year and 0.076/year, respectively, and from this the survival rate was estimated as 0.905. This estimated survival rate was comparable to other cetaceans in other regions. The $q_t$ for this population ranged from 0.020 to 0.193. The revised survival rates were higher when the $q_t$ was taken into account. The mortality coefficient, survival rate, $q_t$ and survivorship curves had not previously been determined for minke whale in this area. This estimate could serve as fundamental information to assess the status of this population and for conservation and rational management.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2016

Background: Several studies have investigated the relationship between specific occupations and suicide mortality, as suicide rates differ by profession. The aim of this study was to investigate suicide mortality ratios across broad occupational groups in Greece for both sexes in the period 2000-2009. Methods: Data of suicide deaths were retrieved from the Hellenic Statistical Authority and comparative mortality ratios were calculated. Occupational classification was based on the International Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88) and the coding for Intentional self-harm (X60-X84) was based on the international classification of diseases (ICD-10). Results: Male dominant occupations, mainly armed forces, skilled farmers and elementary workers, and female high-skilled occupations were seen as high risk groups for suicide in a period of 10 years. The age-productive group of 30-39 years in Greek male elementary workers and the 50-59 age-productive group of Greek professional women proved to have the most elevated number of suicide deaths. Conclusion: Further research is needed into the work-related stressors of occupations with high suicide mortality risk and focused suicide prevention strategies should be applied within vulnerable working age populations.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.605-614
• /
• 1985

The principal aim of surgery for congenital heart anomalies is the establishment of normal hemodynamic function. Palliative and corrective operations are selected with time to attain this end with minimal risk. In recent years, as operative mortality after primary total correction is lower than the mortality after early palliation and delayed correction, corrective operations in infants have increasingly supplanted palliative ones. Two hundred and eighteen infants below 10 kg with congenital heart anomalies underwent primary surgical intervention at Yonsei Medical Center from March 1979 to June 1985. There were 155 infants with VSD, 35 Infants with TOF, 5 infants with ECD, 4 infants with TGV, 3 infants with DORV, 3 infants with Pulmonary atresia, 3 infants with ASD and PDA, 2 infants with DOLV, and the remainders were Sinus Valsalva rupture, residual mitral regurgitation after total correction of ECD, PAPVR, Cor triatriatum, Truncus arteriosus, and Tricuspid atresia. The overall surgical mortality was 15.1%. In the acyanotic group, 13 infants died among 168 infants, and mortality was 7.7%. But in the cyanotic group, the mortality rate was very high and 20 infants died among 50 infants raising the mortality to 40.0%. These poor surgical results in the cyanotic or complicated group was due to inaccurate diagnosis, improper surgical methods and inadequate post-operative care which should be improved.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.125-131
• /
• 2009

Purpose：This study performed to evaluate the effect of hip fracture among persons over 50 years old, in Jeju-do, Korea, on mortality, activity of daily living(ADL). Methods：Three hundred eighteen patients over to 50 years of age who lived in Jeju-do and sustained a hip fracture from January 1st 2003 to December 31th 2004 were recruited. The information collected from the hospital records for each patient included age, sex, date of onset, and patients investigated activity grade, ADL, outdoor walking aid on 3month, 6month and 12month. Results：The incidence was 12.5/10,000 for total patients(female 17.0/10,000, male 6.3/10,000) in population over 50 years old. Patients who had lower activity grade and ADL level, showed higher mortality, and patients using outdoor walking aid showed higher mortality. Conclusion：The activity grade, ADL level, Using of outdoor walking aid affect mortality, so more programs about ADL must be developed for the life span and quality of life.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.33.1-33.6
• /
• 2021

Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) causes high mortality in chickens but measures to reduce the mortality have not been explored. Chickens (8-9 weeks) were treated with 3 agents before and during vvIBDV inoculation. Dexamethasone treatment reduced the mortality of infected chickens (40.7% vs. 3.7%; p < 0.001), but treatment with aspirin or vitamin E plus selenium did not affect the mortality. The bursa of Fabricius appeared to have shrunk in both dead and surviving chickens (p < 0.01). The results indicate that dexamethasone can reduce mortality in vvIBDV-infected chickens and may provide therapeutic clues for saving individual birds infected by the virus.