• Title/Summary/Keyword: MMA polymerization

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Photopolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate with Primarty Aryl- and Alkylsilanes

  • 우희권;홍란영;양수연;박선희;송선정;함희석
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제16권11호
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    • pp.1056-1059
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    • 1995
  • The bulk photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with primary arylsilane (e.g., phenylsilane) and various primary alkylsilanes (e.g., benzylsilane, 3-phenoxyphenyl-1-silabutane, 3-naphthyl-1-silabutane, and 3-chlorophenyl-1-silabutane) was performed to produce poly(MMA)s containing the corresponding silyl moiety as an end group. It was found for the phenylsilane that while the polymerization yields increased and then decreased with a turning point at the molar ratio of MMA:silane=10:1 as the relative silane concentration increases, the polymer molecular weights decreased, and the TGA residue yields and the relative intensities of SiH IR stretching bands increased with increment of molar ratio of silane over MMA. The photopolymerization yield of MMA with the arylsilane was found to be higher than those with the alkylsilanes and without the silanes. Thus, the silanes seemed to significantly influence on the photopolymerization as both chain initiation and chain transfer agents.

함산소불소화가 저밀도 폴리에틸렌 표면의 그라프트 중합 및 그 표면 특성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Oxyfluorination on Surface Graft Polymerization of Low Density Polyethylene Film and Its Surface Characteristics)

  • 윤석민;우상욱;정의경;배병철;박인준;이영석
    • 공업화학
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.343-348
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    • 2010
  • 저밀도 폴리에틸렌(low density polyethylene, LDPE) 필름의 표면을 다양한 반응 조건하에서 함산소불소화하여 hydroperoxide 관능기를 도입시켜 표면특성을 변화시켰다. 또한 생성된 hydroperoxide 관능기를 반응 개시제로 친수성 그룹을 가지는 단량체인 acryl amide (AM)와 소수성 그룹을 가지는 단량체인 methyl methacrylate (MMA)를 그라프트 중합시켜 LDPE 필름의 표면을 2차 개질하였다. 또한 LDPE, 함산소불소화 된 LDPE (OFPE), AM 및 MMA 단량체가 그라프트 된 OFPE 필름의 표면특성은 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 감쇠전반사 분광법, 시차주사 열량분석기 및 접촉각 측정법 등으로 분석하였다. DPPH 라디칼 분석법의 결과로부터, OFPE의 hydroperoxide 관능기의 양은 함산소불소화 총압력과 F2 가스의 부분압이 증가함에 따라 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 접촉각 및 표면 자유에너지 분석결과로부터, 함산소불소화에 의해서 생성된 hydroperoxide 관능기와 AM과 같은 친수성 그룹을 가지는 단량체의 그라프트 중합은 LDPE 필름 표면에서 물과 같은 친수성 용매의 접촉각을 감소시키고, MMA와 같은 소수성 그룹을 가지는 단량체의 경우는 LDPE 필름 표면에서 methylene diiodide와 같은 비극성 용매의 표면 접촉각을 감소시켰다. 이는 AM 및 MMA 단량체의 그라프트 중합에 의한 것으로, LDPE 필름 표면은 친수성 및 소수성 용매에 대한 젖음성이 향상되었다.

Synthesis of Star-like Random Copolymers from Resorcinarene-Based Octa-Functional Alkoxyamine Initiator via Nitroxide Mediated Free Radical Polymerization

  • Abraham, Sinoj;Choi, Jae-Ho;Lee, Jin-Kyu;Ha, Chang-Sik;Kim, Il
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.324-329
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    • 2007
  • An octa-functional alkoxyamine initiator, with the 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-l-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) free radical, was synthesized based on resorcinarene, with its efficiency to initiate the nitroxide-mediated free radical copolymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate (MMA) described. A difunctional analogue of this initiator was also synthesized, using resorcinol as the core molecule. The structures of the resulting initiators were confirmed by homolysis studies based on electron spin resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling. The polymerization behavior and characteristics of the polymers obtained using these two initiators were also compared. Well-defined star-shaped and linear random copolymers, with low polydispersities and controlled molecular weights, were prepared. The efficiencies of these initiators towards copolymerization, as well as the parameters permitting the formation of well-defined polymers, were also investigated. The reactivity ratios were $r_a=0.42(a=styrene)\;and\;r_b=0.33(b=MMA)$ for the octa-functional initiator system and $r_a=0.45\;and\;r_b=0.39$ for the difunctional initiator system.

GMA-Functionalized Reactive Stabilizer for Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate in Supercritical $CO_2$: Effect of Stabilizer, Initiator and Monomer Concentrations

  • Han, Sang-Hun;Park, Kyung-Kyu;Lee, Sang-Ho
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.120-127
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    • 2008
  • Glycidyl methacrylate linked poly(dimethylsiloxane) (GMA-PDMS) was synthesized and used as a stabilizer for the dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in supercritical $CO_2$. This study examined the effect of the concentrations of the stabilizer, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator, and MMA on the yield, molecular weight, and morphology of the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) product. PMMA was obtained in 94,6% yield using only 0,87 wt% GMA-PDMS, When the AIBN concentration was increased from 025 to 1.06 wt%, the molecular weight and particle size of the PMMA decreased from 56,600 to 21,600 and from 4.1 to $2.7{\mu}m$, whereas the particle size distribution increased from 1.3 to 1.9. The $M_n$ of the PMMA product ranged from 41,600 and 55,800 under typical polymerization conditions. The PMMA particle diameter ranged from 1.8 to $11.0{\mu}m$ and the particle size distribution ranged from 1.4 to 1.8.

Comparative Study of Physical Properties of Functional Ophthalmic Hydrogel Lens Using Photo and Thermal Polymerization

  • Kim, Duck-Hyun;Seok, Jae-Wuk;Sung, A-Young
    • 통합자연과학논문집
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.148-153
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    • 2017
  • In this study, HEMA, MMA, AA, and EGDMA were used as basic combinations for manufacturing hydrophilic lenses for ophthalmic applications. In addition, AIBN (thermal polymerization initiator), 2H2M (photo polymerization initiator), and 3-hydroxypyridine (additive) were used to manufacture hydrophilic ophthalmic lenses through thermal polymerization and photo polymerization before their physical properties were measured. The results showed that when ophthalmic lenses were prepared via thermal polymerization and photo polymerization using 3-hydroxypyridine as an additive, their optical and physical properties and surface structures were different in each case, but they all satisfied the physical properties required for ophthalmic lenses.

PMMA와 캡슐화된 $CaCO_3$ Core-Shell 라텍스 제조와 물성연구 (Preparation and Characterization of $CaCO_3$ Encapsulation by PMMA Core-Shell latex)

  • 임종민;설수덕
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.303-315
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    • 2003
  • 계면활성제가 흡착된 $CaCO_3$를 제조하여 흡착된 유화제의 농도, 개시제의 종류와 농도, 교반속도 및 반응온도에 따라 무기/유기계 core-shell 입자를 제조하였다. 제조된 복합입자의 전환율을 측정하여 중합의 최적조건과 분자량측정, 가수분해도, 필름형성온도, 유리전이온도, 입자경 측정 그리고 입자의 형태를 고찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 무기/유기 core-shell 입자의 합성의 경우에는 유화제인 SDBS를 0.5 wt% 첨가한 $CaCO_3$를 core로 하여 MMA와 $3.16{\times}10^{-3}mol/L$ 농도의 APS를 단계적으로 주입하여 중합함으로서 $CaCO_3$ 입자 표면에서 MMA의 중합을 잘 유도할 수 있었으며 중합 도중 새로운 폴리머 입자의 생성이 적었다. 무기/유기계의 core-shell 입자의 경우는 염산에 의한 $CaCO_3$ 분해를 이용하여 캡슐화를 조사하고 시차주사열량계(DSC)에 의한 유리전이온도와 열분해 감소중량을 측정한 결과 외부의 유기 폴리머만 분해되는 특성, 에폭시 수지에서의 분산이 캡슐화 되지 않은 $CaCO_3$보다 우수한 특성, 입자경 분포도 측정 결과 입자경 분포도가 고르지 않고 그리고 전자 현미경에 의한 입자모양이 구형화된 특성등으로 core-shell 입자의 구조와 특성을 확인하였다.

MMA/IPMI/Styrene 삼원공중합 공정연구 (A Study on the Process in MMA/IPMI/Styrene Terpolymerization)

  • 박종경;윤성철;진정일;이창진
    • 폴리머
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.326-331
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    • 2006
  • 대표적인 고내열 POF(plastic optical fiber)의 재료로 사용되는 MMA(methyl methacrylate)/IPMI(N-isopropyl maleimide) 공중합체는 단량체 간의 반응성이 매우 차이가 나므로 $(r_1/r_2=1.72:0.17)$, 중합체의 조성분포가 불균일하게 되어 물성을 저하시키는 원인으로 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 MMA/IPMI 공중합에 스티렌을 도입하여, IPMI의 반응성을 증가시켜 중합체의 조성 분포를 좀 더 균일하게 개선하였으며, 전환율도 약 $1.5{\sim}2$배 정도로 증가시키는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 합성된 MMA/IPMI/St 삼원공중합체의 경우 굴절률은 MMA/IPMI 공중합체보다 증가하였으며 이는 주로 스티렌의 함량과 관련되는 것으로 나타났다.

DTP 안료 잉크용 고분자 바인더의 Self-crosslinking 공단량체 조성 최적화 연구 (Optimization of Self-crosslinking Comonomer Composition of Polymer Binder for DTP Pigment Ink)

  • 한민우;권웅;박성민;정의경
    • 한국염색가공학회지
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.19-26
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    • 2020
  • The previous study reported that the quaternary copolymer of MMA, BA, MAA, and NEA was expected to be a good monomer composition for a binder polymer with good rubbing fastness for digital textile printing(DTP) pigment ink. However, the rubbing fastness of the dyed fabric with the quaternary copolymer binder containing pigment ink is not enough to be commercially used. Therefore, this study aims to optimize MMA:BA:MAA:NEA composition for improved rubbing fastness. And the binder polymer with various MMA:BA:MAA:NEA compositions were synthesized using miniemulsion polymerization. The particle size, viscosity, molecular weight, and Tg of the synthesized binder were evaluated. And the color strength and rubbing fastness of the black pigment ink dyed cotton fabrics with the prepared binders were also evaluated. Then, the stiffness of undyed and dyed cotton fabrics were evaluated to investigate the changes in touch as the binder structure changes.

Study on the molecular weights of atom transfer radical polymerization of MA and MMA.

  • Semsarzadeh Mohammad Ali;Daronkola Mohammad Reza Rostami
    • 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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    • pp.324-324
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    • 2006
  • In copolymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) with various ratios of MA to MMA and $[CuCl]/[PMDETA]/[PVAc-CCl_{3}]$ catalyst system in bulk at $80^{\circ}C$ via ATRP, several terpolymer with different copolymer composition, were synthesized. The atom transfer radical copolymerization of MA and MMA with macroinitiator, is very sensitive to molecular weight and its distribution. In this work it was possible to calculate the molecular weight of the terpolymers and show that it is close to the experimentally determined number average molecular weight from GPC.

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알킬 아크릴레이트와 관능성 단량체계 다중 Core-Shell 복합입자의 제조 (Preparation of Alkyl Acrylate and Functional Monomer Multi Core-Shell Composite Particles)

  • 최성일;조대훈;설수덕
    • 접착 및 계면
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2013
  • Core 입자로 methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA)를 사용하고 shell 입자로 MMA, EMA, 2-hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) 및 methacrylic acid (MAA)를 각각 사용하여 개시제 ammonium persulfate (APS), 유화제로 sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS)의 농도(0.01~0.03 wt%), 단량체의 종류와 조성을 변화시켜 수용성 유화중합으로 다중 core-shell복합입자를 제조하여 전환율, 입자경 및 입도분포, 평균분자량, 분자구조, 유리전이온도, 플라즈마 처리후의 접촉각, 등온열분해속도 및 인장강도를 각각 측정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. SDBS 농도 0.02 wt%에서 MMA core-(EMA/GMA) shell 복합입자의 전환율이 98.5%로 우수하였고, 입자직경은 SDBS 농도 0.03 wt%에서 EMA core-(MMA/GMA) shell의 복합입자가 $0.48{\mu}m$로 높게 나왔다. 유리전이온도 측정으로부터 공중합체는 1~2개의 전이곡선 그리고 다중 core-shell 복합입자는 3개의 전이곡선을 얻었다. 전체적으로 접착박리강도의 크기는 shell 단량체가 MMA core인 경우 EMA/MAA > EMA/2-HEMA > EMA/GMA의 순으로 되었다.