• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.370-382
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• 2013

Distributed massive MIMO systems, which have high bandwidth efficiency and can accommodate a tremendous amount of traffic using algorithms such as zero-forcing beam forming (ZFBF), may be deployed in large public venues with the antennas mounted under-floor. In this case the channel gain matrix H can be modeled as a multi-banded matrix, in which off-diagonal entries decay both exponentially due to heavy human penetration loss and polynomially due to free space propagation loss. To enable practical implementation of such systems, we present a multi-banded matrix inversion algorithm that substantially reduces the complexity of ZFBF by keeping the most significant entries in H and the precoding matrix W. We introduce a parameter p to control the sparsity of H and W and thus achieve the tradeoff between the computational complexity and the system throughput. The proposed algorithm includes dense and sparse precoding versions, providing quadratic and linear complexity, respectively, relative to the number of antennas. We present analysis and numerical evaluations to show that the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) increases linearly with p in dense precoding. In sparse precoding, we demonstrate the necessity of using directional antennas by both analysis and simulations. When the directional antenna gain increases, the resulting SIR increment in sparse precoding increases linearly with p, while the SIR of dense precoding is much less sensitive to changes in p.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.652-656
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• 2011

In this paper, a transmitter-based multipath processing and inter-channel interference (ICI) cancellation scheme for a ultra-wideband (UWB) spatial multiplexing (SM) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system is presented. It consists of taps delayed lines and zero-forcing (ZF) filters in the transmitter and correlators in the receiver. For a UWB SM MIMO system with N transmit antennas, M receive antennas, and Q resolvable multipath components, the BER performance of a linear transmit ZF scheme is analyzed in a log-normal fading channel and also compared with that of a receiver-based ICI rejection approach. It is found that when M ${\leq}$ N, the transmit ZF processing approach outperforms the ZF receiver while making the mobile units low-cost and low-power.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39A권12호
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• pp.774-776
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• 2014

본 논문은 가시선 (line-of-sight) 성분이 지배적인 채널 환경에서 다중 사용자로의 정보 전송을 위해 이중 편파를 이용하는 다중 안테나 시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템은 공간 및 편파 자원을 효율적으로 활용하여 기존의 단일 편파 안테나를 이용하는 MU-MIMO(multi-user multiple input multiple output) 시스템 보다 향상된 총 전송률을 제공할 수 있음을 보인다

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2010

This paper proposes a method for improving the isolation characteristic of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antennas using a split ring resonator (SRR) array structure between the two radiating elements. The fabricated antenna satisfies the 10 dB return loss requirement in the Mobile-WiMAX frequency band from 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz. The isolation between the two radiating elements is improved by approximately 20 dB at the center frequency by inserting a SRR array structure. The measured peak gains of the two elements are 2.3 dBi and 2.4 dBi, respectively.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.443-451
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• 2004

Since the publication of Alamouti's famous space-time block code, various quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes (QSTBC) for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) fading channels for more than two transmit antennas have been proposed. It has been shown that these codes cannot achieve full diversity at full rate. In this paper, we present a simple feedback scheme for rich scattering (flat Rayleigh fading) MIMO channels that improves the coding gain and diversity of a QSTBC for 2$^n$ (n=3, 4, ${\cdots}$) transmit antennas. The relevant channel state information is sent back from the receiver to the transmitter quantized to one or two bits per code block. In this way, signal transmission with an improved coding gain and diversity near to the maximum diversity order is achieved. Such high diversity can be exploited with either a maximum-likelihood receiver or low-complexity zero-forcing receiver.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose two novel high-rate high-performance space-time codes for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. When $n_T$ transmit antennas and When $n_R$ ＝ When $n_T$ receive antennas are deployed, the two proposed codes respectively offer transmission rates of (When $n_T$ -1) and (When $n_T$ -2) symbols per channel use and diversity orders of 3 and 5. As a consequence, our proposed codes allow the MIMO systems to employ a simple detection technique based on QR decomposition. Moreover, for equal or even higher spectral efficiencies, our proposed codes always provide much better bit error rate (BER) performances than V-BLAST architecture does when When $n_R$ ＝ When $n_T$. Computer simulation is given to verify performances of our proposed codes.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.264-268
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• 2004

최근 대용량 고속데이터 전송을 위해 여러 개의 송,수신 안테나를 이용하여 전송용량을 증가시킬 수 있는 MIMO(Multi-Input Multi-Output) 시스템에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 MIMO 채널을 모델링하고, MIMO 채널에서 OSUC 복호알고리즘을 이용한 ZF수신기와 MMSE 수신기를 각각 적용하여 V-BLAST 시스템의 성능을 비교분석하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.338-351
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• 2013

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication may provide high spectral efficiency through the deployment of a very large number of antenna elements at the base stations. The gains from massive MIMO communication come from the use of multi-user MIMO on the uplink and downlink, but with a large excess of antennas at the base station compared to the number of served users. Initial work on massive MIMO did not fully address several practical issues associated with its deployment. This paper considers the impact of channel aging on the performance of massive MIMO systems. The effects of channel variation are characterized as a function of different system parameters assuming a simple model for the channel time variations at the transmitter. Channel prediction is proposed to overcome channel aging effects. The analytical results on aging show how capacity is lost due to time variation in the channel. Numerical results in a multicell network show that massive MIMO works even with some channel variation and that channel prediction could partially overcome channel aging effects.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권12C호
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• pp.1164-1174
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 상향링크 다중사용자 MIMO/FDD 시스템에서 최적 성능을 보이면서 낮은 복잡도를 가지는 안테나 선택 기반 스케줄링 방식을 제안한다. 가장 복잡하면서 가장 우수한 성능을 보이는 스케줄링 알고리즘인 Brute-Force 스케줄러(BFS)의 성능에 근접하면서 복잡도가 현저히 낮은 세 가지 스케줄링 방식을 제안하고 채널용량, 복잡도, SER 관점에서의 성능 비교를 보인다. 실험 결과 제안한 스케줄링 방식 중 CSS(Capacity-Stacking Scheduler)와 SOAS(Semi-orthogonal Antenna Scheduler) 방식은 낮은 복잡도를 유지하면서 BFS와 같은 성능을 보였으며, 좀 더 복잡도를 줄인 RC-SOAS(Reduced Complexity-SOAS)의 경우 안테나 수가 적은 경우에는 BFS 와의 성능차가 거의 없음을 확인하였다. 또한, 스케줄링을 하기 위한 안테나 채별의 집합을 형성하는 방식으로 Full-Set(FS) 방식과 Sub-Set(SS) 방식을 비교하여, SS 방식을 통해 안테나 수가 적은 경우 성능 열화 없이 추가적으로 복잡도의 이득을 얻을 수 있음을 보였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제44권7호통권361호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 미래형 이동통신 시스템에서 셀 경계와 같이 반송파대간섭전력비 (Carrier-to-Interference Ratio; CIR)가 낮은 열악한 채널 환경에서 하향링크 실시간 트래픽의 전송 성능 개선을 위한 안테나 선택을 이용한 Grassmannian Beamforming 기반의 MIMO-OFDMA (Multi Input Multi Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) 시스템을 본 저자들은 제안하고자 한다. 제안된 시스템에서는 Beamforming 적용으로 인한 상향링크로의 과도한 궤환 정보량이 시스템 주파수 효율 성능을 떨어뜨리는 문제점을 보완하기 위해 Codebook 기반의 Grassmannian Beamforming을 적용하고, 이와 더불어 기지국의 모든 송신 안테나를 사용하지 않고 특정 안테나만을 사용하여 Codebook Size를 줄이면서도 주파수 효율 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 안테나 선택 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템에서는 Beamforming을 수행하기 위해 최대 MRT(Maximum Ratio Transmission) 이득을 가지는 최적의 송신 안테나 조합이 선택된다. 모의실험 결과, 제안된 시스템은 기지국의 모든 안테나를 사용하여 Beamforming을 수행한 경우보다 향상된 주파수 효율 성능을 보이며, 상향링크의 궤환 정보량을 감안하더라도 Pseudo-Orthogonal Space Time Block Code를 사용하는 전형적인 개방루프형 MIMO-OFDMA 시스템에 비해 낮은 CIR 영역에서 월등히 개선된 주파수 효율 성능을 보임을 확인하였다.