• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2019

Although 'assessment for learning' rather than 'assessment of learning' has been emphasized recently, student learning before examinations is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-assessment learning activities (PALA) and to find mechanism factors (MF) that influence those activities. Moreover, we compared the PALA and MF of written exams with those of the clinical performance examination/objective structured clinical examination (CPX/OSCE) in third-year (N=121) and fourth-year (N=108) medical students. Through literature review and discussion, questionnaires with a 5-point Likert scale were developed to measure PALA and MF. PALA had the constructs of cognitive and meta-cognitive activities, and MF had sub-components of personal, interpersonal, and environmental factors. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient was used to calculate survey reliability, while the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used to investigate the influence of MF on PALA. A paired t-test was applied to compare the PALA and MF of written exams with those of CPX/OSCE in third and fourth year students. The Pearson correlation coefficients between PALA and MF were 0.479 for written exams and 0.508 for CPX/OSCE. MF explained 24.1% of the PALA in written exams and 25.9% of PALA in CPX/OSCE. Both PALA and MF showed significant differences between written exams and CPX/OSCE in third-year students, whereas those in fourth-year students showed no differences. Educators need to consider MFs that influence the PALA to encourage 'assessment for learning'.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.254-261
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• 2019

Objective : Miller-Fisher syndrome(MFS) is a type of acute inflammatory polyneuropathy, a disease characterized by abnormal muscle coordination, absence of tendon reflexes, and paralysis of the eye muscle. This study is to report a case of delayed facial palsy and dizziness in Miller-Fisher syndrome, treated with traditional Korean medicine. Methods : A 57-year-old male was diagnosed with Miller-Fisher syndrome accompanied by neurological symptoms such as right facial palsy and dizziness. He received traditional Korean medicine treatment such as acupuncture(including pharmacopuncture, needle embedding therapy, electroacupuncture) and herbal medicine for 17 days. Results : Each neurological symptoms were improved after traditional Korean medicine. In case of facial palsy, House Brackmann Grading System was reduced form grade 3 to grade 2, and Sunnybrook Scale was improved from 39 to 55. Also, other symptoms such as dizziness and headache was also improved. Conclusions : This case report suggests that traditional Korean medicine may have a role in treating neurological symptoms such as facial palsy and dizziness in patient diagnosed with Miller-Fisher syndrome.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.217-226
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• 2024

Manufacturing workers face increased fatigue and stress due to environmental factors in workplace such as noise and vibration. Addressing this issue requires creating conducive rest spaces; however, the existing conditions of rest spaces in manufacturing workplace are subpar and lack sufficient scholarly evidence. This study investigated the effect of nature-based rest spaces on the physical and emotional recovery from fatigue on manufacturing workers. Three manufacturing complexes with nature-friendly rest spaces were selected, and 63 manufacturing workers participated in the study. The measurement tools included the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS) for fatigue levels, physiological indicators (blood pressure and heart rate), and emotional indicators (Zuckerman Inventory of Personal Reaction Scale; ZIPERS, Perceived Restorativeness Scale; PRS, Profile of Mood States; POMS and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAI). The study compared recovery levels during a 7-minute rest between a space without plants and a space with natural elements. The results indicated a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of participants in green rest spaces compared with those in conventional rest spaces. Regarding fatigue levels, green rest spaces showed a decrease in systolic blood pressure in the middle-fatigue and high-fatigue groups. Positive feelings increased in green spaces, whereas negative emotions decreased, suggesting that short breaks in nature-friendly environments effectively promote workers' physical and emotional recovery. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of green space in various work environments to promote well-being in workers.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2007

Purpose : Menkes disease is an X-linked recessively inherited disorder caused by the mutation of the ATP7A gene encoding copper-transporting P-type AT Pase. The phenotypic features are progressive neurological degeneration, mental retardation, loose skin, and vascular complications. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important for the prognosis of Menkes disease. Here, we describe nov el mutations of the ATP7A gene and prenatal diagnosis by mutation analysis. Methods : Five unrelated Korean Menkes patients were included in this study. They presented with depigmented wool-like hair, progressive neurologic deterioration, and hypotonia in infancy. Serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels w ere decreased. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed tortuous intracranial vessels. Mutation analysis has been carried out using cDNA from cultured skin fibroblasts or genomic DNA from peripheral leukocytes. Prenatal diagnosis was performed in two cases using chorionic villi samples or amniocytes. Results : Four novel mutations have been identified from four different families; c.3511+1G>A (p.E1099_N1171delinsMfsX 18), c.4005+5 G>A (p.V1268_R1335del), c.1870_2172del (p.S624_Q724del), and c.3352 G>A (p.G1118S). T he remaining one was previously reported (c.1933 C>T (p.V 1268_R1335del)). On prenatal DNA analysis, one w as diagnosed as normal, while the other turned out to be a female heterozygote with p.S624_Q724del mutation of the ATP7A gene. Conclusion : We identified 4 novel mutations of the ATP7A gene. Prenatal diagnosis in families at risk is critical in order to choose preventiv e options including an early treatment with copper-histidine therapy or therapeutic termination. Most mutations of the ATP7A gene were frame-shift mutations and prenatal diagnosis has been successfully carried out.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.301-307
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• 2018

We study convergent influence on depression and its association with self-esteem, fatigue and psychosocial stress among General Hospital Administrative Staff(GHAS). The subjects were 201 randomly extracted GHAS from 9 general hospitals in J City, Data collection was carried out via a structured self-administered questionaries from Jul. 3rd, 2017 to Jul. 29th, 2017. Depression was positively correlated with three sub-domains of fatigue and psychosocial stress, and it was negatively correlated with self-esteem. With the analysis of covariance structure, depression was more influential on self-esteem than fatigue and psychosocial stress. The study found the higher fatigue and psychosocial stress, and the lower self-esteem tend to increase depression. The results indicate that the efforts, to increase self-esteem, and to decrease fatigue and psychosocial stress, are required to decrease the depression of GHAS. The results are expected to be useful for industrial health education and job management to decrease the depression of GHAS. In the following study, the analysis about convergent additional factors of influence on the depression of GHAS will be needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2230-2240
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• 2011

This study was performed to determine the depression and its association with sleep quality, occupational stress and fatigue among small-scale manufacturing male workers. The self-administered questionnaires were given to 856 workers under 50 members of manufacturing industries during the period from April 1st to June 30th, 2010. As a results, the distribution of depression group(21 point and over at CES-D score) among all subjects were 44.3%, and it was positively correlated with occupational stress, fatigue and quality of sleep. With the analysis of covariance structure, occupational stress(KOSS) was more influential on the depression than quality of sleep and fatigue. It was found to have the inter-relational effects that the higher the occupational stress(KOSS) and fatigue(MFS), and the lower the quality of sleep, the higher the depression. Thus the effective strategy for depression reduction among workers requires the efforts to improve the work environment and job contents.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2006

Ichnology is the study of traces made by various organisms, which includes classification and description of traces, and interpretation of sedimentary process, behavior of organism and depositional environment based on traces and organism behavior. Ichnofacies, which is defined as the association of several traces related together with substrate characteristics and sedimentary processes, is closely related to depositional environment. Ichnology has been applied to sedimentology (to understand physical characteristics of depositional environment, sedimentation pattern and event bed), sequence stratigraphy (to recognize sequence boundaries and biostratigraphic discontinuities such as MFS, TSE and RSE), oil exploration (providing of many information without big cost) and palaeocology. Preliminary ichnological study on the Ganghwa intertidal flat shows that dominant ichofacies are changing with season and location, suggesting that their seasonal variation would be a good indicator to understand the seasonal change of sedimentary processes, the small- scale change of sedimentary environment and the preservation potential of such units. Ichnology on intertidal flat in western coast of Korea has a great potential to apply its results to petroleum geology as well as sedimentology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.543-554
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• 2016

This study examined the fatigue and its association with job stress among male workers engaged in small-scale manufacturing industries. The study subjects were 553 male workers under 50 members of manufacturing industries. The study survey was a structured questionnaire of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) and Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS) during April, 2015. The data were analyzed using the SPSS ver 21.0 program. The results showed that the high risk fatigue group was significantly higher in the high risk group of job stress than in the normal group of job stress. Fatigue was positively correlated with job stress. The odds ratio of the high risk fatigue group were increased significantly in the high risk group of job stress than in the normal group of job stress. The factors of influence with explanatory powers of 27.7% on fatigue included age, marital status, educational level, subject health status, sleeping time, drinking coffee, job tenure, shift work, visiting out-patient department, sense of satisfaction in job life, and job stress. Fatigue was associated with the sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior related characteristics, job-related characteristics, and job stress.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.684-691
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the effects of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction of pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb et Zucc) needle extract on membrane fluidity (MF), basal and induced oxygen radical (BOR and IOR), lipid peroxide(LPO) and oxidized protein (OP) as an oxidative stress, and lipofuscin(LF) in liver membranes of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were fed basic diets (control) and experimental diets (EtOAc-25, EtOAc-50 and EtOAc-100) for 45days. MFs were significantly increased (about 10%) in mitochondria of EtOAc-100 group compared with control group. BOR and IOR formations in mitochondria were significantly inhibited (about 12∼18% and 9 ∼l2%, respectively) in EtOAc-50 and EtOAc-100 groups, while BOR and IOR formations in microsomes were significantly inhibited (about 9∼l3% and 18∼19%, respectively) compared with control group. LPO levels were significantly inhibited (about 10% and 12∼13%, respectively) in mitochondria of EtOAc-100 and microsomes of EtOAc-50 and EtOAc-100 groups, whereas OP levels were significantly inhibited (about 13∼14%) in mitochondria of EtOAc-50 and EtOAc.-100 groups compared with control group. LF formations were significantly inhibited (about 10∼14%) in these three EtOAc groups. These results suggest that ethyl acetate fraction of pine needle may play an effective role in attenuating an oxidative stress and increasing a membrane fluidity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6129-6132
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• 2012

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of simultaneous accelerated radiation therapy (SMART) and concurrent weekly paclitaxel in the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Forty-one patients with pathologically confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated by SMART with concurrent weekly paclitaxel. Daily fraction doses of 2.5 Gy and 2.0 Gy were prescribed to the gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical target volume (CTV) to a total dose of 70 Gy and 56 Gy, respectively. Paclitaxel of $45mg/m^2$ was administered concurrently with radiation therapy every week. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given four weeks after the completion of the radiotherapy (RT) if the tumor demonstrated only a partial response (PR). Results: All patients completed the radiotherapy (RT) course. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 12 patients due to PR. The CR (complete remission) rate was 82.9% three months after RT. Thirty-nine (95.1%) patients completed the concurrent weekly chemotherapy with paclitaxel, and two patients skipped their sixth course. Seven patients had a 15% dosage reduction at the fifth and sixth course due to grade 3 mucositis. The median follow-up was 30 (range, 14-42) months. The three-year overall survival (OS), metastases-free survival (MFS), and local control rates were 77.0%, 64.4%, and 97.6%, respectively. No correlation between survival rate and T or N stage was observed. Grade 3 acute mucositis and xerostomia were present in 17.1% and 7.1%, respectively. Conclusion: SMART with concurrent weekly paclitaxel is a potentially effective and toxicity tolerable approach in the treatment of locally advanced NPC.