• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2005

Objectives: The hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)/c-Met pathway may play various roles in the carcinogenesis of various organs. Although HGF/c-Met signalling pathway has been shown to demonstrate various cellular responses including mitogenic, proliferative, morphogenic and angiogenic activities, the study on their expression related to clinicopathological parameters in thyroid tumor is relatively rare. So we want to find out the clinical significance of the c-Met in thyroid tumor. Materials and Methods: We assess the mRNA and protein expression of the c-Met genes by means of RT-PCR method and the immunohistochemical stain in 100 cases of thyroid tumors(50 papillary carcinomas, 10 follicular carcinomas, 20 follicular adenomas, 20 nodular hyperplasia). Results: By RT-PCR, c-Met mRNA was detected in 43(86%) in papillary carcinoma, 4(40%) in follicular carcinoma, 4(20%) in follicular adenoma and 2(10%) in nodular hyperplasia cases. By immunohistochemistry, c-Met protein expression was detected in 44(88%), 2(20%), 3(15%) and 1(5%). Expression of the c-Met mRNA and protein expression was significantly highly recognized in papillary carcinoma. The c-Met protein overexpression was significantly correlated with the grade of the differentiation. Conclusion: These results suggest that c-Met expression may be associated with thyroid papillary cancer progression. The differential expression of c-Met protein and mRNA suggests that these molecules may be a reliable diagnostic marker in thyroid papillary cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.540-546
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• 1999

Solution conformation of cyclo-($Gln^1-Trp^2-Phe^3-{\beta}Ala^4-Leu^5-Met^6$), new NK-2 antagonist in dimethyl sulfoxide solution, has been determined by the use of two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with simulated annealing calculations. The peptide exhibited converged structures with the atomic root-mean-square difference for the backbone atoms ($N,\;C^{\alpha},\;C'$) of all residues being 0.02${\AA}$ in the 25 annealed structures. The analysis of the structures indicated that the cyclic peptide has three intramolecular hydrogen bonds between $Met^6NH$ and ${\beta}Ala^4CO$, ${\beta}Ala^4NH$ and $Met^6CO$, $Phe^3NH$ and $Met^6CO$, and contain a type-I ${\beta}$-turn with Gln and Trp and ${\gamma}$-turn with Leu. The addition of an extra methylene group to Gly, i.e. P-Ala residue, may relax some unfavorable restraints in the cyclic backbone structure, hence enabling an additional hydrogen bond, which results in stabilizing one conformation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical effects of Muscle Energy Technique(MET) for peripheral facial paralysis. Methods: 60 Patients were divided into two groups. Group A(n=30) received the treatment with existing Korean medicine. Group B(n=30) received the MET with existing Korean medicine. It was performed once a day, five time per a week for three weeks. we analyzed Yanagihara's score and House-Brackmann scale Results: A week after MET treatment, Yanagihara's score average of Group A is $7.17{\pm}6.34$. Yanagihara's score average of Group B is $8.84{\pm}5.22$. (p=0.72). Two weeks after MET, Yanagihara's score average of Group A is $12.39{\pm}4.94$. Yanagihara's score average of Group B is $15.12{\pm}3.20$. (p=0.04). Three weeks after MET, Yanagihara's score average of Group A is $17.11{\pm}5.31$. Yanagihara's score average of Group B is $22.78{\pm}3.67$. (p=0.01). A is $3.87{\pm}1.36$. House-Brackmann Scale average of Group B is $3.64{\pm}1.76$. (p=0.63). Two weeks after MET treatment, House-Brackmann Scale average of Group A is $3.20{\pm}0.97$. House-Brackmann Scale average of Group B is $3.02{\pm}1.03$. (p=0.05). Three weeks after MET, House-Brackmann Scale average of Group A is $2.84{\pm}1.12$. House-Brackmann Scale average of Group B is $2.23{\pm}0.78$. (p=0.04). Conclusion: MET treatment is effective for improve the symptoms of peripheral facial paralysis. Therefore, it will be used to peripheral facial paralysis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.176-185
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary flavonoids intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: A total of 223 subjects (mean age; $27.3{\pm}4.2$ yrs, range; 17-38 yrs) were divided into the MetS group (n = 27) and non-MetS group (n = 196). Dietary intake data were assessed by 24-hour recall method for two non-consecutive days and the average of the two days was used to estimate the usual dietary intake. Dietary habits were assessed using the Mini Dietary Assessment (MDA) score. We analyzed the intakes of six flavonoid classes (anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, and iso-flavones) using a flavonoids database. Results: After adjustment for age, total energy intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, regular exercise, and oral contraceptive use, dietary flavonols intake was significantly lower in the MetS group ($5.1{\pm}2.4$ mg/d) than in the non-MetS group ($8.9{\pm}2.8$ mg/d) (p = 0.0472). Intakes of other flavonoids except for flavonols did not differ between the two groups. In MDA scores, significant differences were observed only for that related to daily consumption of fruit or fruit juice (p = 0.0180). A significant inverse relationship was observed between flavonols intake and the risk of MetS (4th vs. 1st quartile, OR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.02-0.62, p for trend = 0.0131). Conclusion: These results suggest that higher intake of flavonols may be beneficial for MetS in PCOS women.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.317-326
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• 2014

Objectives: Elevated serum uric acid (UA) has been known to be associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, no prospective studies have examined whether serum UA levels are actually associated with the development of MetS. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the longitudinal effects of baseline serum UA levels on the development of MetS. Methods: A MetS-free cohort of 14 906 healthy Korean men, who participated in a medical check-up program in 2005, was followed until 2010. MetS was defined according to the Joint Interim Statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention. Cox proportional hazards models were performed. Results: During 52 466.1 person-years of follow-up, 2428 incident cases of MetS developed between 2006 and 2010. After adjusting for multiple covariates, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident MetS for the second, the third, and the fourth quartile to the first quartile of serum UA levels were 1.09 (0.92-1.29), 1.22 (1.04-1.44), and 1.48 (1.26-1.73), respectively (p for trend <0.001). These associations were also significant in the clinically relevant subgroup analyses. Conclusions: Elevated serum UA levels were independently associated with future development of MetS in Korean men during the 5-year follow-up period.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.93-100
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• 2014

Objectives To evaluate the clinical utility of MET performed on sternocleidomastoid muscle of acute nuchal pain patients, we measured a change of meridian electromyography. Methods We compared electrical activity before and after MET performed on sternocleidomastoid muscle of acute nuchal pain patients in same group (n=20) in isometric exercise state during five seconds. We analyzed amplitudes and areas of electrical activity and asymmetry index (AI). Results 1. After MET performed on sternocleidomastoid muscle of acute nuchal pain patients, maximum voluntary isomeric contraction (MVIC) was significantly increased more than before MET performed (p<0.005). 2. Comparing with before MET performed on sternocleidomastoid muscle of acute nuchal pain patients, muscle fatigue after MET performed on sternocleidomastoid muscle of acute nuchal pain patients decreased but there was no significant difference. 3. Comparing with before MET performed on sternocleidomastoid muscle of acute nuchal pain patients, asymmetry index (AI) after MET performed on sternocleidomastoid muscle of acute nuchal pain patients decreased but there was no significant difference. Conclusions According to above results, after performing MET on sternocleidomastoid muscle of acute nuchal pain patients, maximum voluntary isomeric contraction (MVIC) increased significantly, so it is certain that performing MET on sternocleidomastoid muscle has a clinical effect.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.96-101
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• 2011

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine synthtase (SAM-s) catalyzes the biosynthesis of SAM from ATP and L-methionine. SAM plays important roles in the primary and secondary metabolism of cells. A metK encoding a SAM-s was searched from Streptomyces natalensis producing natamycin, a predominantly a strong antifungal agent, inhibiting the growth of both yeasts and molds and preventing the formation of aflatoxin in filamentous fungi. To obtain the metK of S. natalensis, PCR using primers designed from the two highly conserved regions for metK genes of Streptomyces strains was carried out, and an intact 1.2-kb metK gene of S. natalensis was cloned by genomic Southern hybridization with PCR product as a probe. To identify the function of the cloned metK gene, it was inserted into pSET152ET for its high expression in the Streptomyces strain, and then introduced into S. lividans TK24 as a host by transconjugation using E. coli ET12567(pUZ8002). The high expression of metK in S. lividans TK24 induced actinorhodin production on R5 solid medium, and its amount in R4 liquid medium was 10-fold higher than that by exconjugant including only pSET152ET.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.475-484
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Korean women with obesity. Methods: Cancer-free women (n=6 142 486) aged 40-79 years, who underwent National Health Insurance Service health examinations in 2009 and 2010 were included. The incidence of CRC was followed until 2018. The hazard ratio (HR) of MetS for the incidence of colon and rectal cancer was analyzed according to body mass index (BMI) categories, adjusting for confounders such as women's reproductive factors. In addition, the heterogeneity of associations across BMI categories was assessed. Results: Women with MetS were at increased risk of colon and rectal cancer compared to women without MetS (HR, 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 1.23 and HR,1.15; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.20), respectively. The HR of MetS for colon cancer across BMI categories was 1.12 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.19), 1.14 (95% CI, 1.08 to 1.20), and 1.16 (95% CI, 1.12 to 1.21) in women with BMIs <23.0 kg/m², 23.0-24.9 kg/m², and ≥25.0 kg/m², respectively. The HR of MetS for rectal cancer across corresponding BMI categories was 1.16 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.26), 1.14 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.23), and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.20). The heterogeneity of associations across BMI categories was not significant in either colon or rectal cancer (p=0.587 for colon cancer and p=0.927 for rectal cancer). Conclusions: Women with MetS were at increased risk of colon and rectal cancer. Clinical and public health strategies should be considered for primary CRC prevention with an emphasis on improving women's metabolic health across all BMI groups.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.08a
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• pp.64.1-64
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• 1998

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2007

The majority of soil microorganisms can derive ethylene from L-methionine (L-MET), while some rhizobacteria can hydrolyze 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) due to their ACC-deaminase activity. In this study, three strains having either ACC-deaminase activity (Pseudomonas putida biotype A, $A_7$), or the ability to produce ethylene from L-MET (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, $M_9$) or both (Pseudomonas fluorescens, $AM_3$) were used for inoculation. The highly ethylene specific bioassay of a classical 'triple' response in pea seedlings was used to investigate the effect of the inoculation with the rhizobacteria in the presence of 10 mM ACC or L-MET. The exogenous application of ACC had a concentration-dependent effect on the etiolated pea seedlings in creating the classical 'triple' response. The inoculation with P. putida diluted the effect of ACC, which was most likely due to its ACC-deaminase activity. Similarly, the application of $Co^{2+}$ reduced the ACC-imposed effect on etiolated pea seedlings. In contrast, the inoculation of A. calcoaceticus or P. fluorescens in the presence of L-MET caused a stronger classical 'triple' response in etiolated pea seedlings; most likely by producing ethylene from L-MET. This is the first study, to our knowledge, reporting on the comparative effect of rhizobacteria capable of utilizing ACC vs L-MET on etiolated pea seedlings.