• The Korean journal of internal medicine
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.95-109
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• 2024

Background/Aims: Sex differences in the prognosis of heart failure (HF) have yielded inconsistent results, and data from Asian populations are even rare. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis among Korean patients with HF. Methods: A total of 5,625 Korean patients hospitalized for acute HF were analyzed using a prospective multi-center registry database. Baseline clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes including HF readmission and death were compared between sexes. Results: Women were older than men and had worse symptoms with higher N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide levels. Women had a significantly higher proportion of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). There were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality and rate of guideline-directed medical therapies in men and women. During median follow-up of 3.4 years, cardiovascular death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.78; p = 0.014), and composite outcomes of death and HF readmission (adjusted HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27; p = 0.030) were significantly higher in men than women. When evaluating heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HFpEF separately, men were an independent risk factor of cardiovascular death in patients with HFrEF. Clinical outcome was not different between sexes in HFpEF. Conclusions: In the Korean multi-center registry, despite having better clinical characteristics, men exhibited a higher risk of all-cause mortality and readmission for HF. The main cause of these disparities was the higher cardiovascular mortality rate observed in men compared to women with HFrEF.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between gender role conflict for men in nursing, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Methods: The study data were collected between August 1 and September 1, 2015 from 225 men in nursing currently working in 36 Korean general hospitals, each with ${\geq}100$ beds. Frequency and percentages were analyzed, and Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's test were used. Results: There was no significant difference in gender role conflict based on the general characteristics of the men. In contrast, significant differences in gender role conflict were found in association with the following job-related characteristics: work experience at the present hospital, work department, work unit, and type of work. A significant negative correlation was detected between male gender role conflict and job satisfaction, a positive correlation was found between male gender role conflict and turnover intention. Conclusion: In order to increase job satisfaction and decrease the turnover intention of men in nursing, measures to reduce gender role conflict are needed.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate influences of drinking, smoking, and obesity indices on cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk factors in Korean young men. Methods: The subjects were 234 young men, aged 20 to 39 years. Body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (PBF), body fat mass (kg), and waist hip ratio (WHR) were measured as obesity indices. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured as cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk factors. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using SAS 9.4. Results: Statistically significant factors were BMI for SEP; age, degree of drinking, body fat mass for DBP; WHR for TC; WHR and age for TG; age, degree of smoking and PBF for HDL-C; WHR, age and degree of smoking for LDL-C. Conclusion: Factors identified in this study need to be considered in cardio-cerebrovascular disease prevention programs for young men.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.4777-4785
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• 2015

This study attempted to provide basic data for screening high-risk subjects by confirming suicidal thinking intensity and by identifying its influential factors in mid-aged men. Data No.3 from third National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2012 by the CDCP were used with 40-64 years middle-aged men targets. The collected data were analyzed via applying weight by using the complex sample analysis method of SPSS 19.0 program, frequency analysis, cross-analysis, and logistic regression analysis. The result revealed that 10% of middle-aged men showed suicidal thinking, and low-income earners had suicidal thinking 1.972 times higher than usual, the unmarried 2.587 times higher than men with spouses, men without spouses 1.482 times higher than men with spouses, the underweighted 18.183 times higher the obese. The blue-collared and the unemployed had suicidal thinking 1.349 and 13.342 times higher than the white-collared respectively. Furthermore, inactive subjects showed suicidal thinking 2.998 times higher than active subjects. Therefore, to prevent suicide in mid-aged men, separating these high-risk subjects in primary screening is needed for management, and suicide prevention programs should be developed at social and political level that include the information considering stress, depression, and obesity.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2004

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, as defined by the ATP III report, in some Korean adults and use the Asian-Pacific proposed waist circumference to investigate waist circumference in some Korean adults using ROC curves. Methods : Study subjects were seventy-five thousands and ninety one persons(47,979 men and 27,111 women) who were selected among the patients who visited hospital for health evaluation from January 2000 to December 2001. All subjects were measured by height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, blood pressure and blood chemistry(lipid profile). Results : The mean age was $41.6{\pm}8.5$ years in men, $41.1{\pm}10.4$ years in women(p<0.05). Body mass index was in the normal range in 35.3% of men, and 55.9% of women. In both men and women, blood pressure, blood sugar, total cholesterol and triglyceride were positively correlated with BMI. waist circumference, and Broca's index(p<0.01). However HDL. choloesterol was correlated negatively (p< 0.01). Using ROC curve, the calculated waist circumferences were 84 cm in men(sensitivity 61.4% and specificity 64.1%) and 74 cm in women(sensitivity 65.0% and specificity 73.2%). The age adjusted prevalences of the metabolic syndrome as defined by NCEP ATP III were different for men(6.4%) and women(14.6%). The prevalence increased from 1.2% among participants aged 20 through 29years to 15.0% among participants aged over 60years in men(p<0.05) and from 1.6% to 27.4% respectively, in women. The age adjusted prevalences, as defined by using the waist circumference that was recommended by WHO's regional office for the western Pacific, were 10.6% in men and 18.5% in women. The age adjusted prevalences, as defined by using the waist circumference that was calculated by the ROC curves, were 17.1% in men and 22.4% in women. And All prevalences were increased following increased BMI and Broca's index. Conculsions : The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in some Korean adults was lower than that in western adults. Nevertheless because waist circumference was differed among race and region, application of the same criteria was not proper. Morcover, a higher awareness was required in women, because the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was rapidly increased with increment of age.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to compare sexual concerns and adjustment between men and women with spinal cord injuries. A total of 108 persons (67 men and 41 women), registered to the Spinal Cord Injury Organization or admitted at rehabilitation unit from February 1999 to February 2000, were selected as subjects of the study. Participants answered the questionnaires concerning importance of life events, sexual concern, sexual adjustment, relationship with a sex partner, and depression. The results are as follows : 1) There were no significant differences between men and women in the general characteristics except sexual dysfunction. 2) With respect to eleven different life areas, sex life ranked the fifth among men, whereas it occupied the lowest position for women among the 11 areas. However economic status was the most highly-ranked for both sex. 3) Men took much interest in the "methods and techniques for achieving sexual satisfaction", "Helping a partner cope emotionally with limitations on sexual activity", whereas women were interested in "Helping a partner cope emotionally with limitations on sexual activity" and "Ability to have children". 4) The means of sexual adjustment, relationship with a sex partner, and depression among men were higher than women. But there was no significant difference between two groups. As a result, the study suggests that there are no significant differences in the general characteristics between men and women with spinal cord injuries except sexual dysfunction. Men evaluated the sexual events highly compared to women, and differences were also shown in terms of sexual concerns between men and women. Therefore differential approaches to sexual rehabilitation are required; in both socio-psychological and physical aspects for men and particularly in socio-psychological respect for women.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2009

In modem society, fashion is used as a means to express oneself. Colors in fashion are regarded as one of the important design elements and play a significant role. Today men's fashion trend represents to adopt diverse silhouettes, colors and various materials. They can choose diverse color for men's fashion. Brown has been popular colors for both man and woman. It usually represents the image of warm, comfort and classic. This research analyzed Brown whose diverse uses had been observed in fashion and the characteristics of Brown the color combinations in men's fashion through men's fashion collection from 2000 to 2008. The characteristics of color combinations with Brown analyzed two color combinations for the top and bottom as follows: First, the hue characteristics of Brown two color combinations were analyzed in men's fashion. Second, the tone characteristics of Brown two color combinations were analyzed in men's fashion. Third, the characteristics of color combinations were analyzed in the Brown top and bottom according to the hues in men's fashion. The Brown color combinations were analyzed according to the 10 hues and achromatic colors. As a result, 10YR was most used in both the top and bottom in F/W and S/S. As for the Brown color combinations of the 12 tones and achromatic colors in the top and bottom, dark grayish was the most used in S/S and F/W regardless of the seasons. The Brown color combinations in men's fashion were analyzed in terms of characteristics. As a result, 10YR and 2.5Y were most used. They were also of the highest frequency in the color combinations of Brown tops and bottoms.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.1 s.79
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• pp.129-140
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to understand the labor division between men's housework and market work and to research the change of men's contribution to housework. And it was also examined what kinds of valuables work on a change in men's market work and housework. The information about men's change in the labor division was collected from the biggest 5 news papers in Korea for last five years for this study. And either men's new participation trend to household work did. Words searched for this study were men, labor, family, home, housewife, work, household work, father etc. Korean men have experienced a overloaded breadwinner role and have worked most in the world since 1960s. But Korean men's working time was continuously decreased a little every year. As Korean Companies had fired many worker during IMP economic crisis period, Korean men had to work more than before because of decreased fellows and they should have concentrated on their work at the sacrifice of private life and family-sharing time. On the other hand, some men were started to participate to do housework as a results of long-unemployment and early retirement after this periods. 5 day working system be in forced gradually since 2003 especially make men come back home and interest on housework. So Korean men's housework participation is gradually increasing by the practical application of sex-equitable politics such as 5 day working system and men's suspension regime for baby care. father's increased participation to children education and care, men's new family-oriented life style, dual-sexuality education system, and socially changed perception to husband housemaker. These interrelated trends demands us to shape a new labor division pattern in the family that make change the breadwinner/homemaker conception by the gender role. Now, all of family, men, women, and children have to join housework. It would help women, men, and all families make more human and equitable relationship.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.259-263
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and risk of gout in healthy workers. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 1,876 subjects (1,515 men and 361 women) enrolled in the Healthy Worker Cohort Study at Daegu, South Korea. Relationships between serum uric acid levels and independent risk factors were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis after adjustment for covariates. Results: Among study participants, the prevalence of gout was 22.9% in men and 2.5% in women (based on a serum uric acid level >7.0 mg/dL for men and >6.0 mg/dL for women). Among men, increased ALT, GGT, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were associated with increased risk of gout (p<0.05) by multiple linear regression analysis; however, increased age and HDL-cholesterol/triglyceride ratio were associated with decreased risk of gout (p<0.05). In women, increased triglycerides were associated with increased risk of gout (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that increased triglycerides were significantly associated with the risk of gout in men and women. Moreover, a high HDL-cholesterol/triglyceride ratio in men may reduce the risk of gout.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.53-71
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to determine the fashion images implied in men's fashion trends and systematize the characteristics of the textile materials used for fashion images, by analyzing men's fashion trends published by Korean fashion information service companies. This study would be meaningful if it can suggest some objective criteria for the characteristics of textile per fashion image. The researcher analyzed the data on the basis of 8 fashion images, which were ethnic, modern, traditional, avant-garde, active, romantic, natural, techno ones. Above men's fashion images were choosed by analyze the some literatures and men's fashion trend information. The data used for this study were information about S/S and F/W men's fashion trends published by Interfashion planning, Samsung fashion Research Center for the period of 1995-2000. The data collected were subject to “content analysis method”. As a result of the analysis, the major images of 1995-2000 were natural, active, traditional, modern, ethnic, avant-garde, techno images, and while such combinations of conflicting images as ethnic/modern, traditional/avant-garde, natural/techno. Other mixed images were ethnic/natural, modern/active, tradional/active, traditional/modern, romantic/modern, ethnic/romantic, traditional/natural, modern/natural, active/natural, active/traditional/natural, etc. The various characteristics of eight men's fashion images were found in color, pattern and textile materials.