• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.509-515
• /
• 2016

At the first time in South Korea, the state of the art acoustic systems were mounted on the R/V Tamgu 21. The acoustic systems are an EK80 broadband echosounder (18, 38, 70, 120, 200 and 333 kHz) which has two beam modes such as continuous wave (narrowband) and frequency modulation (broadband), an ME70 multibeam echosounder (70-120 kHz), and a SH90 sonar (111.5-115.5 kHz). Acoustic data from broadband mode have a very short range resolution, a large detection range, a high signal to noise ratio, and a wide and consecutive frequency response. In ME70, each individual beam consisted in a multibeam plays a role as a spilt beam. The first trial of the cutting edge acoustic system installed on the R/V Tamgu 21 was conducted from 15 Feb to 29 Feb 2016 in East Sea, South Sea and East China Sea. The properties of the acoustic systems were elucidated and exploratory results from three systems were exhibited. Lastly, issues which should be considered and future research plan are mentioned.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.1030-1034
• /
• 2013

Elimination reactions of $(E)-2,4-(NO_2)_2C_6H_2CH=NOC_6H_3-2-X-4-NO_2$ (1a-e) promoted by $R_3N/R_3NH^+$ in 70 mol % MeCN(aq) have been studied kinetically. The reactions are second-order and exhibit Br$\ddot{o}$nsted ${\beta}$ = 0.80-0.84 and ${\mid}{\beta}_{lg}{\mid}$ = 0.39-0.42, respectively. For all leaving groups and bases employed in this study, the ${\beta}$ and ${\mid}{\beta}_{lg}{\mid}$ values remained almost the same. The results can be described by a negligible $p_{xy}$ interaction coefficient, $p_{xy}={\partial}{\beta}/pK_{lg}={\partial}{\beta}_{lg}/pK_{BH}{\approx}0$, which describes the interaction between the base catalyst and the leaving group. The negligible pxy interaction coefficient is consistent with the $(E1cb)_{irr}$ mechanism. Change of the base-solvent system from $R_3N$/MeCN to $R_3N/R_3NH^+$-70 mol % MeCN(aq) changed the reaction mechanism from E2 to $(E1cb)_{irr}$. Noteworthy was the relative insensitivity of the transition state structure to the reaction mechanism change.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.132-139
• /
• 2011

Evidence of the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and metabolic syndrome (MeS) remains uncertain and incongruent. This study aimed to determine the association between 25(OH)D and MeS among Jordanian adults. A complex multistage sampling technique was used to select a national population-based household sample. The present report deals exclusively with adults aged > 18 years who had complete information on all components of MeS (n = 3,234). A structured questionnaire was used to collect all relevant information. Anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory measurements were obtained. MeS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition. Of the total, 42.0% had MeS and 31.7% had 25(OH)D < 30 ng/ml. In a stratified analysis, the prevalence of MeS did not differ significantly between subjects with low and normal 25(OH)D levels for men and women in all age groups. In the multivariate analysis, the odds of MeS were not significantly different between subjects with low and normal 25(OH)D levels (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.70, 1.05, P-value = 0.133). The association between 25(OH)D and MeS remained non-significant when 25(OH)D was analyzed as a continuous variable (OR = 1.004, 95% CI; 1.000, 1.008, P = 0.057) and when analyzed based on quartiles. None of the individual components of MeS were significantly associated with 25(OH)D level. This study does not provide evidence to support the association between 25(OH)D level and MeS or its individual components. Prospective studies are necessary to better determine the roles of 25(OH)D levels in the etiology of MeS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
• /
• 2002.03a
• /
• pp.70-70
• /
• 2002

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.357-363
• /
• 1992

The experiment was carried out to estimate the energy and protein requirements of Khaki Campbell $\times$ Thai Native growing ducks. The growing stage was divided into 2: the first was a starting stage from 0 to 4 weeks of age and the second was a growing stage from 4 to 18 weeks of age. In the starting stage, the birds were given diets containing 2.70, 2.75, 2.80, 2.85 and 2.90 Mcal ME/kg and ME/protein ratio of 150/l for the energy requirement trial, and diets containing 17.0%, 18.5%, 20.0% and 21.5% protein and 2.8 Mcal ME/kg for the protein requirement trial. It was found that there were no significant differences in body weight gain of feed efficiency among the energy or protein levels. In the growing stage, no significant differences in body weight gain or feed efficiency were found among the energy levels from 2.70 to 2.90 Mcal ME, or protein levels from 15.5% to 20.0%. The age at first lay was 105-117 days and this is earlier than that observed in purebred Khaki Campbell ducks. The feed cost for raising ducks was lower in the low energy and low protein diets. In conclusion, Khaki Campbell $\times$ Thai native ducks can be raised with a diet low in ME as 2.7 Mcal/kg during the whole growing period. As for the protein. 7.0% in the starting stage and 15.5% in the growing stage is practical.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.34 no.3 s.134
• /
• pp.256-262
• /
• 2003

Lonicerae Flos (LF) has been used as an anticancer, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory agent in traditional herbal medicine. In this study, induction of rat growth hormone (rGH) by addition of methanol (MeOH) extract of LF of Lonicerae (L.) Folium or several constituents of L. Folium were carried out in the pituitary cell culture system. Induced rGH level by addition of 70% MeOH extract of LF was increased to $732.65{\pm}105.64%$ of control (n=18, p<0.01), however, the other sequential fractions were not significantly different from the control. Ochnaflavone, a constituent of L. Folium, induced rGH level in the cell culture to $329.73{\pm}160.00%$ of control (n=6, p<0.01). An I..v. injection of the MeOH extract of LF did not increase plasma rGH level in anesthetized rats. Unfortunately, the MeOH extract of LF induced prolactin and LH release about 7 and 5 fold of the control, respectively (p<0.05, each). In conclusions, 70% MeOH extract of LF exerted induction of rGH release in rat pituitary cell culture. Further studies to investigate mechanisms of the inducded rGH by LF are in progress.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.75-79
• /
• 1992

Fourteen Sahiwal ${\times}$ Friesian crossbred heifers were used in a 10-wk feeding trial to determine maintenance energy requirements and efficiency of gain. The heifers were individually fed with a diet consisting of 30% dry grass and 70% concentrates at either 110, 140 or 180% of the anticipated maintenance requirement ($494kJ\;ME/kg^{0.75}/day$). Liveweight of individual heifers was measured weekly to calculate diet requirements and average daily gain (ADG). Diet digestibility was determined for all heifers to determine ME intake. Retained energy (RE) of individual heifers was determined from changes in total body fat and protein using a TOH isotope dilution procedure and, assuming calorific values of 39.3 and 23.6 kJ/g for fat and protein respectively. The estimated ME for maintenance was 433 and $470kJ/kg^{0.75}/day$ by liveweight (ADG) equilibrium and energy (RE) equilibrium analysis respectively. ME requirement for one g of liveight gain was 28 kJ.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.1544-1551
• /
• 2024

A unique brick series based on Vietnamese clay was manufactured at 114.22 MPa pressure rate for γ-ray attenuation purposes, consisting of (x) metallic waste & (90%-x) red clay mineral & 10% (hardener mixed with epoxy resin), where (x) is equal to the values 0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, and 70%. The impacts of industrial metal waste ratio in the structure and radiation protective characteristics were evaluated experimentally. The increase in metallic waste doping concentrations from 0% to 70% was associated with an increase in the manufactured brick's density (ρ) from 2.103 to 2.256 g/cm³ while the fabricated samples' porosity (Φ) decreased from 11.7 to 1.0%, respectively. Together with a rise in fabricated brick's density and a decrease in their porosities, the manufactured bricks' γ-ray attenuation capacities improved. The measured linear attenuation coefficient (μ, cm^-1) was improved by 30.8%, 22.1%, 21.6%, and 19.7%, at E_γ equal to the values respectively 0.662, 1.173, 1.252, and 1.332 MeV, when the metallic waste concentration increased from 0% to 70%, respectively. The study demonstrates that manufactured bricks exhibit superior radiation shielding properties, with radiation protection efficiencies of 88.4%, 90.0%, 91.7%, 92.1%, and 92.4% for bricks with industrial metal waste contents of 0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, and 70%, respectively, at γ-ray energy (E_γ) of 1.332 MeV.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2010

The aim of this study is to examine the radical scavenging activity of perilla and sesame oil that Koreans traditionally consume. For DPPH radical scavenging activity, oil and its hexane/70% methanol extracts (ME) are used and for superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, ME are used. Unrefined perilla oil, sesame oil, and refined sunflower oil are used. The yields for ME of perilla, sesame and sunflower oil are 0.57, 0.61, and 0.30%, respectively, and the amounts of phenolic compounds in ME of corresponding oil are 18.77, 88.64 and $0.05\;{\mu}g$ tannic acid/mg, respectively. $IC_{50}$ for DPPH scavenging activity of perilla, sesame and sunflower oil are 2.12, 1.91, and 3.35 mg/mL, respectively and those for ME of corresponding oils are 0.42, 0.07, and 43.11 mg/mL, respectively. In DPPH assay, the solvent used for oil sample is iso-octane and that for ME is methanol. Superoxide anion scavenging activity of ME of perilla, sesame and sunflower oil tested at 1 mg/mL concentration are 21.10, 13.25, and 3.14%, respectively. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of those samples tested at 1 mg/mL concentration are 86.08, 93.30, and 93.17%, respectively. In summary, the refining process seems to remove the phenolic compound during oil processing. Antiradical substances in perilla and sesame oils responsible for scavenging DPPH radicals are present in the methanol fraction, while the antiradical substances in the sunflower oil are in the lipid fraction. DPPH scavenging activity of ME of sesame oil is significantly higher than that of perilla oil (p<0.05). However, superoxide anion scavenging capacity of ME of perilla oils was found to be greater than that of both sesame and sunflower oils (p<0.05).

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.198-203
• /
• 2023

The reaction of cis-protected (Me4en)Pd(II) species with potentially multidentate bis(benzylthio)methylenepropanedioate (L) was carried out to obtain a monometallic compound, [(Me₄en)Pd(L)], in O,O'-coordination mode. The bis(benzylthio)methylene group was bent strikingly from the palladium square plane at the dihedral angle of 70.40°. The physicochemical properties of the present palladium(II) compound were fully characterized by means of infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement.