• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.141-145
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance training and Rooibos-tea treatment during 12 week on lipid peroxidation(MDA), oxidative DNA damage(8-hydroxyguanine), and antioxidant enzymes(SOD, GPX) in human. The subjects were divided into three groups; Train+Rooi, Train, and Rooi groups. The Train+Rooi and Rooi group took 3 g of Rooibos-tea for 12 weeks. Blood samples were taken from antecubital vein at before training, after 6week, and after 12 week training. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with repeated measures using the SPSS/PC⁺. The results are summarized as follows: MDA and 8-hydroxyguanine concentration were no significantly differences between group(p>.05). SOD and GPX concentration were significantly increased in Train+Rooi, Rooi group than Train group(p<.05). This results suggested that effects of Rooibos-tea treatment has associated with improve scavenger of antioxidant.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.33 no.7
• /
• pp.745-754
• /
• 2000

Effects of oral taurine supplementation (6g/day)for 2-4 weeks on activities of red blood cell(RBC)total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and plasma glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and the level of malondialdehyde(MDA) were evaluated in healthy female adults (23.6$\pm$0.3 years old). Compared to the value for 0 week plasma GSH-Px activity of the subjects was significantly lower after 2 weeks of taurine supplementation(p<0.05) and recovered to the value similar to 0 week after 4 weeks of taurine supplementation. RBC total SOD activity tended to be decreased after 2 weeks of taurine supplmentation compared to the values for 0 week although the difference between the means of the two group was not statistically significant. Plasma MDA level was not significantly decreased by taurine supplementation most probably due to the fact that the subjects participated in the present study were healthy and their antioxidant defense system had been in the 'normal' range. Plasma MDA concentration was negatively correlated with plasma taurine concentration(r=-0.2003m p<0.05) but tended to be positively correlated with plasma cholesterol concentration(r=0.2465, p=0.0645) as expected Plasma GSH-Px activity was positively associated with the percentage of 22:0 (r=0.2892, p<0.05) or 20:4w6(r=0.2939, p<0.05). On the other hand plasma MDA concentration was positively correlated with the percentage of 20:5w3 in plasma total lipids(r=0.2635 p<0.05) and negatively correlated with $\Delta$5 desaturation index of w6 fatty acids(20:3w6⇒20:4w6) in plamsa total lipids(r=-0.2714, p<0.05) as well as in phospholipids(r=-0.2864, p<0.05). From these results protective effect of taurine supplementation against lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system in humans appears to be minimal when the subjects are in a relatively healthy state. Further studies concerning the antioxidant efficacy of taurine should be conducted in human subjects under various disease states related to oxidative stress such as diabetes and artheroxclerosis.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 1990

To investigate the influence of saturated fats, ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid, EPA and DHA on the lipid hydroperoxide concentration and fatty acid composition in liver microsomes and in plasma lipid of rabbits, the animals were fed on the perilla oil rich ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid or sardine oil rich EPA and DHA diet for four weeks Were examined. The fatty acid composition of plasma lipid and liver microsomes of rabbits fed on the perilla oil diet was an accumulation of arachidonic acid(AA) 20:4 n-6, eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) 20:5 n-3, and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) 22:6 n-3, The fatty acid composition of plasma lipid and liver microsomes of rabbits fed on the sardine oil was an accumulation of ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid(LNA) 18:3 n-3, and arachidonic acid(AA) 20:4. The p/s ratio of rabbits fed on the perilla oil diet changed from 7.4 to 2.27 for plasma lipid and 2.47 for liver microsomes. The concentration of lipid hydroperoxide was 3.48 nmol MDA/ml and 4.35 nmol MDA/ml for plasma lipid and liver microsomes, respectively, in perilla oil diet. The lipid hydroperoxide liver was 4.22 nmol MDA/ml and 67 nmol MDA/ml for plasma lipid and liver microsornes in sardine oil diet.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 2015

We investigated the apoptotic effects of grape skin extracts (GSE) and related gene expressions in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells cultured in the presence of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg/mL of GSE for 72 hours. MTT assay, trypan blue and nuclei staining showed lower cellular mitochondrial activities and increased cell deaths with a higher concentration of GSE (p<0.05). Increased cell number with fragmentated DNA of sub-G1 phase was calculated as a measure of apoptotic cell death by FACS analysis (p<0.05). In particular, apoptotic cell death caused markedly increased in the 1 and 1.5 mg/mL of GSE groups, as revealed by flow cytometry (Annexin V-FITC). RT-PCR analysis was performed on apoptotic and preapoptotic genes. Expression of the apoptosis suppressor gene bcl-2 significantly decreased, proapoptotic gene bax was significantly increased and procaspase-3 showing the presence of caspase-3 significantly decreased (p<0.05). Furthermore, bcl-2/bax ratio which is considered to be an important indicator of apoptosis, significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner (p<0.05). These results indicated that GSE induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.194-200
• /
• 2013

Korean red ginseng (KRG) is prepared by the process of steaming the roots of Panax ginseng. In this study, the feeding effects of KRG-water extract (KRGE) on ethanol-induced liver damage were elucidated by measuring serum biomarkers in rats. Serum ${\gamma}$-glutamyltranspeptidase (g-GT) activity and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased by short-term and long-term ethanol treatment in rats, whereas the activities of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) did not respond. Pretreatment with KRGE maintained the activity of serum GPT, and the MDA concentration induced by short-term ethanol ingestion remained within the normal range. However, co-feeding of KRGE to rats decreased the concentration of MDA but failed to modulate the serum ${\gamma}$-GT activity induced by long-term ethanol treatment. Our studies suggest that in rats, it appears that KRGE does not sufficiently reverse the physiological response evoked by long-term ethanol ingestion to maintain normal conditions, in view of the serum biomarker ${\gamma}$-GT, regardless of KRGE's favorable antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.63 no.5
• /
• pp.1034-1063
• /
• 2021

The experiment was designed as a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, including (i) pomegranate peel (zero, 4%, and 8 percent), (ii) oxidized soybean oil (zero, 2%, and 4 percent), and (iii) alpha-tocopherol (zero and 200 mg/kg). Supplementation of 8% pomegranate peel in diets significantly decreased the growth performance of broiler chickens. The supplementation of 4% oxidized oil in diets significantly reduced body weight gain and Feed intake whole experimental period (p < 0.05). The results showed that supplementation of 4% pomegranate peel in the diet was associated with low aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase, and malondialdehyde (MDA). However, 4% pomegranate peel increased the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. The supplemental 4% oxidized oil increased the serum AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and MDA concentrations. TAC, SOD, and Catalase (CAT) activities were affected by 4% oxidized oil and alpha-tocopherol. The use of oxidized oil and vitamin E decreased MDA concentration. The serum glucose and globulin concentrations were significantly lower in the 8% pomegranate peel. The results showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel in diets reduced serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The inclusion of 4% oxidized oil in diets reduced serum glucose and increased the blood lipid concentration such as triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL. Vitamin E supplementation reduced the serum cholesterol and LDL concentrations. The use of 8% pomegranate peel reduced red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, and packed cell value (PCV). The results indicated that supplementation with 8% pomegranate peel and 4% oxidized oil in diets decreased the immunoglobulin concentration in broilers. In addition, it was found that the inclusion of 4% pomegranate peel in diets resulted in higher IgG, IgM and total immunoglobulin. Pomegranate peel supplementation significantly decreased meat MDA concentration. Supplementation of 4% oxidized oil increased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Vitamin E supplementation (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Consequently, the results of this experiment showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel had beneficial effects on broiler chickens. It was also found that feeding 2% oxidized oil in diets had no adverse effect on broilers.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.31 no.3 s.62
• /
• pp.449-459
• /
• 1998

This study was started to find out if plasma malondialdehyde(MDA), $\alpha-tocopherol$ and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity could be markers of biological activity resulting from exposed to lead in workers. Blood samples were randomly obtained from lead-exposed workers(n=29), $CO_2$, welders(n=60) and office workers(n=60). We used whole blood to analyse blood lead with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Superoxide dismutase activity in erythrocyte was measured with spetrophotometer. MDA and $\alpha-tocopherol$ in plasma were measured with high performance liquid chromatography. Lead-exposed workers was significantly high in blood lead concentration$(29.37{\mu}g/d\ell)$ compared with welders$(6.42{\mu}g/d\ell)$ and office workers$(5.01{\mu}g/d\ell)$. The level of plasma MDA was significantly higher in the lead-exposed workers($1.87{\mu}mol/g$ cholesterol) than the welders($1.41{\mu}mol/g$ cholesterol) and office workers($1.41{\mu}mol/g$ cholesterol). Erythrocyte SOD activity in lead-exposed workers(56.80 U/g Hb) was significantly increased than those of welders(37.63 U/g Hb) and office workers(20.47 U/g Hb). The plasma $\alpha-tocopherol$ level of lead-exposed workers($4.93{\mu}g/g$ cholesterol) was statistically different from welders($4.25{\mu}g/g$ cholesterol) and office workers$4.28{\mu}g/g$ cholesterol). Neither age nor smoking was related to SOD or MDA level. Blood lead was significantly correlated with erythrocyte SOD activity(r=0.405), plasma MDA(r=0.296) and $\alpha-tocopherol$ (r=0.207). Plasma MDA was also significantly correlated with SOD (r=0.217). In multiple regression analysis, the change of MDA and SOD activity level related to the blood lead concentration. These results suggested that the increase of plasma MDA and erythrocyte SOD activity in lead-exposed workers had a close relationship with the oxidative stress induced by lead.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.213-223
• /
• 2004

This work aimed to study the effectiveness of cellular oxidative parameter (malondial-dehyde, protein carbonyl, and 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine). The experimental groups were aluminum treated rats and control rats. Aluminum treatd rats were given intraperitoneally aluminum nitrate nonahydrate ($Al^{3+}$, 0.2 mmol/kg) daily for 30 days except Sunday. Control rats were injected 1 ml of saline. After the dose, rats were decapitated and hippocampus and cerebral cortex were removed. The measured parameters were tissue malondialdehyde (MDA, index of lipid peroxidation), protein carbonyl (index of protein oxidation), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG, index of DNA oxidation), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels as well as glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase. AI concentrations in the tissues were also measured. All results were corrected by tissue protein levels. The results were as followed; 1. The concentrations of AI in the cortex and hippocampus were significantly higher in the AI-treated rats than in the control rats. 2. Antioxidative enzyme's activity, catalase and GR, were significantly higher in the AI-treated rats than the control rats. GSH levels were also higher in the AI-treated rats. 3. MDA, protein carbonyl, and 8-OHdG concentration of AI-treated rats were significantly higher than those of control rats. 4. The concentrations of antioxidants, and oxidative stress parameter were correlated with the concentrations of AI in hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Catalase and GR activity were also correlated with the concentration of AI. Based on these results, it can be suggested that intraperitoneally injected AI was accumulated in the brain and induced the increase of antioxidant levels and antioxidative enzyme activity. Also, the oxidative products of cellular macromolecules are significantly related to tissue AI concentration. Therefore MDA, protein carbonyl, and 8-OHdG are useful markers for oxidative stress on cellular macromolecules.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.57 no.1
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2024

Purpose: Cancer is the leading cause of death in Koreans, with breast cancer being the most common among women. Breast cancer readily metastasizes, and the existing treatment processes impose a significant burden on patients. This study examined whether pomegranate-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PNVs) have anti-cancer effects by inhibiting cell infiltration and metastasis while increasing apoptosis on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Methods: Initially, exosome-like nanovesicles were isolated from pomegranate using ultracentrifugation. Subsequently, the size range of these nanovesicles was confirmed using nanoparticle tracking analysis. The ability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells to internalize these natural nanovesicles was assessed with flourescence microscope. The anti-cancer effects of the PNVs were confirmed by applying various concentrations of PNVs (10, 50, 100 ㎍/mL) to MDA-MB-231 cells and systematically assessing their impact on cell viability and migration. Results: The round shape of the lipid bilayer in the PNVs was confirmed, providing crucial insights into their structural properties. We demonstrate that PNVs-associated DiD dye can be efficiently internalized by the MDA-MB-231 cells. The data showed that the PNVs inhibited cell viability, invasion rates, and migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, PNVs were absorbed into the MDA-MB-231 cells, leading to an increased expression of apoptosis proteins, such as cleaved caspase-3 and phosphorus-JNK, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, a reduction in cell infiltration and decreased expression of the transition markers MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins were observed. Conclusion: For the first time, this study suggests that PNVs may be useful in the prevention or treatment of breast cancer by inhibiting the infiltration and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells and inducing apoptosis.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.49 no.5
• /
• pp.260-274
• /
• 2016

Objectives: Previous epidemiological studies about oxidative stress and depression are limited by hospital-based case-control design, single-time measurements of oxidative stress biomarkers, and the small number of study participants. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the association between biomarker of oxidative stress and depressive symptom scores using repeatedly measured panel data from a community-dwelling elderly population. Methods: From 2008 to 2010, a total of 478 elderly participants residing in Seoul, Korea, were evaluated three times. Participants underwent the Korean version of the Short Form Generic Depression Scale (SGDS-K) test for screening depression, and urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured as an oxidative stress biomarker. We used a generalized estimating equation with a compound symmetry covariance structure to estimate the effects of oxidative stress on depressive symptom scores. Results: A two-fold increase in urinary MDA concentration was significantly associated with a 33.88% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.59% to 47.42%) increase in total SGDS-K scores. In subgroup analyses by gender, a two-fold increase in urinary MDA concentration was significantly associated with increased SGDS-K scores in both men and women (men: 30.88%; 95% CI, 10.24% to 55.37%; women: 34.77%; 95% CI, 20.09% to 51.25%). In bivariate analysis after an SGDS-K score ${\geq}8$ was defined as depression, the third and the fourth urinary MDA quartiles showed a significantly increased odds ratio(OR) of depression compared to the lowest urinary MDA quartile (third quartile OR, 6.51; 95% CI, 1.77 to 24.00; fourth quartile OR, 7.11; 95% CI, 1.99 to 25.42). Conclusions: Our study suggests a significant association between oxidative stress and depressive symptoms in the elderly population.