• Title/Summary/Keyword: MDA 농도

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Pesticides, heavy metals, radioactive substances, and ash of Poria cocos distributed in Korea (국내 유통 복령(Poria cocos)의 농약, 중금속, 방사선물질 및 회분 함량 조사 연구)

  • Jang, Eun-Kyoung;Jang, Hye-Mi;Wi, Chang-Heun;Ban, Seung-Eon
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.294-299
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to provide basic data on the safety of Poria cocos, a major Korean herbal medicine, and to establish tolerance levels for hazardous substances. Residual pesticides (321 types), heavy metals (7 types), radioactivity (3 types), and ash content were analyzed in 10 Poria cocos products distributed in Korea (5 domestic and 5 in China). Of the residual pesticides, cypermethrin was detected at 0.03 mg/kg in one domestic sample and was below the standard value. Of the heavy metals, the levels of Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Hg, and Cr were below the standard values in all samples. Hg was not detected in any sample. Cd was detected at 0.011 mg/kg in one Chinese sample. The radioactivity concentration was also below the MDA value in all P. cocos samples. The ash content was less than the standard value of 1.0% in all P. cocos samples. The findings indicate that P. cocos distributed in Korea is safe. However, because P. cocos is always exposed to harmful substances because of the nature of its cultivation in the soil, it seems necessary to establish systematic management standards for the entire production stage, such as cultivation, storage, and distribution.

Effect of Diet Containing Whole Wheat Bread with Capsosiphon fulvescens and Lindera obtusiloba Ethanol Extracts on Plasma Glucose and Lipid Levels in Rats (매생이와 생강나무잎 에탄올 추출물이 첨가된 통밀빵을 섭취한 랫트의 혈당과 지질수준에 미치는 영향)

  • Han, Ah-Ram;Kim, Se-Wook;Chun, Su-Hyun;Nam, Mi-Hyun;Hong, Chung-Oui;Kim, Bok Hee;Kim, Tae Cheol;Lee, Kwang-Won
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.178-186
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    • 2016
  • The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of whole wheat bread with added Lindera obtusiloba (LO) and Capsosiphon fulvescens (CF) ethanol extracts on serum glucose and lipid levels in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were divided into five groups depending on the diet administered: normal bread (NC), whole wheat bread (W), whole wheat bread with LO leaves extract (WL), whole wheat bread with CF extract (WC), and whole wheat bread with freeze-drying CF (WDC). After 4 weeks of consuming the experimental diet, the blood glucose level and hemoglobin A1c contents were found to be significantly lower in the W, WL, WC, and WDC groups than in the NC group. The high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels increased in the WL group when compared to those in the NC group and triglycerides levels decreased in all wheat groups compared to those in the NC group. These results suggest that wheat breads containing LO and CF extracts are effective for preventing hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

Effect of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica on the Reduction of Hepatotoxicity and Lipid Metabolism Induced by Ethanol (에탄올 투여 흰쥐의 지질대사 및 간 독성 저하에 미치는 인진쑥 및 눈꽃동충하초의 영향)

  • Han, Eun-Kyung;Jin, Yong-Xie;Yoo, Yoon-Sook;Jung, Eui-Jin;Lee, Ji-Young;Chung, Cha-Kwon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.38 no.8
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    • pp.1016-1023
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the inhibitory effect of hepatic toxicity and liver lipid metabolism after administration of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica. Along with the control, SD rats were divided into ethanol treated group with subgroups of 6% Artemisia capillaries (6A), 4% Artemisia capillaris+2% Paecilomyces japonica (4A2P), 3% Artemisia capillaris+3% Paecilomyces japonica (3A3P), 2% Artemisia capillaris+4% Paecilomyces japonica (2A4P) and 6% Paecilomyces japonica (6P). In this study we also intended to verify the optimum ratio of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica which can reduce hepatotoxicity. Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels which were increased by ethanol. Total-cholesterol level was decreased the most in the groups of 4A2P and 3A3P. On the other hand, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was enhanced significantly (p<0.05). Malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was decreased significantly (p<0.05) in the subgroup of 6A and 4A2P. When the ratio of Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica was 2:1, the improvement of the rat serum and liver lipid metabolism and the alleviation of hepatic damage by ethanol were the most effective in this study. Therefore, it can be considered that the symptoms of severe chemically induced hepatotoxicity could be reduced by Artemisia capillaris and Paecilomyces japonica administration.

Antioxidant and Immunological Activities of Polysaccharide Extracted from Cultured Mycelia of Schizophyllum commune (치마버섯 균사체 배양물로부터 분리한 다당류의 항산화 및 면역 활성)

  • Lee, June-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.43 no.9
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    • pp.1334-1341
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    • 2014
  • To examine the biological activity of polysaccharide extracted from cultured mycelia of Schizophyllum commune, we determined anti-complementary activity and nitric oxide production as a measure of immunological activity, anti-lipidperoxidation and hydroxy radical scavenging activity as a measure of antioxidative activity, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, anti-microbial activity, and transdermal flux of polysaccharide extracted from cultured mycelia of S. commune. Polysaccharide extracted from S. commune activated the complementary system and produced nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Antioxidant activities as malondialdehyde values were $49.5{\pm}0.7$, $39.7{\pm}1.7$, $39.2{\pm}1.2$, and $2.6{\pm}0.5nM/mL$ for control, extracellular polysaccharide extracted from S. commune (SC-EP), ultrafiltrated polysaccharide extracted from S. commune (SC-UP), and butylated hydroxytoluene, respectively. Hydroxy radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$) of SC-UP and mannitol were 3.32 and 1.66 mg/mL, respectively. Tyrosinase inhibitory activities of SC-UP, arbutin, and kojic acid were 19.9%, 31.8%, and 99.0%, respectively. Anti-microbial activities of SC-UP appeared to be low, and transdermal fluxes of SC-UP were 0.47%, 0.73%, and 1.20% after 3, 6, and 9 hr, respectively. These findings suggest that polysaccharide extracted from S. commune has potential immunological and antioxidant activities.

Protective Effects of Radiation-induced Blackberry Mutant Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced Liver Injury in Sprague-Dawley Rats (방사선 돌연변이 블랙베리 추출물의 사염화탄소(Carbon Tetrachloride, CCl4) 투여에 의한 흰쥐의 간 손상에 대한 보호 효과)

  • Cho, Byoung Ok;Lee, Chang-Wook;So, Yangkang;Jin, Chang-Hyun;Yook, Hong-Sun;Byun, Myung-Woo;Jeong, Yong-Wook;Park, Jong Chun;Jeong, Il-Yun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.807-813
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    • 2014
  • The objective of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of anthocyanin-enriched extract from radiation-induced blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) mutant (${\gamma}$-B201) against carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced liver injury in Spargue-Dawley (SD) rats. The in vivo results show that ${\gamma}$-B201 attenuated the levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and liver lipid peroxidation in $CCl_4$-treated SD rats. Histopathological examination of rat livers showed that ${\gamma}$-B201 reduced the incidence of liver lesions induced by $CCl_4$. Moreover, ${\gamma}$-B201 prevented DNA damage in $CCl_4$-treated SD rats. Furthermore, administration of ${\gamma}$-B201 significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR), in $CCl_4$-treated rat livers. In conclusion, the present study suggests that ${\gamma}$-B201 blackberry extract protects the liver from $CCl_4$-induced hepatic damage through an antioxidant mechanism. Therefore, ${\gamma}$-B201 blackberry may be functional food material for human health.

Effect of Taeeumjoweetang on the Body Composition, Serum Lipid Level and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Obese Female College Students (태음조위탕의 적용이 태음인 비만여대생의 신체조성, 혈청지질농도 및 혈중 항산화 효소에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Hye-Ju;Ahn, Hong-Seok;Oh, Eun-Ha;Kim, Young-Locke
    • Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.391-401
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    • 2011
  • 1. Objectives: Though the eating habits have improved and the living method has become convenient according to the economic growth thanks to the modern industrialization, because of the lack of exercise, obesity, wrong eating habits and stress etc, various symptoms of disease of adults are on the rise. This is the phenomenon that happens as the eating life has become life in the West along with the inundation of the western culture in our society. In this perspective, there has been many various clinical research that's been proceeded so far about the physical constitution and obesity, but there has been little research on the objective analysis of the clinical research about the alimentotherapy using taeeumjoweetang. 2. Methods: In this research we have checked the weights, fat rates, fat weight, abdominal fat rate, blood pressure, and BMI over the objects of the women that were diagnosed as lunisolar system as their physical constitution, and assessed the paramecium lipid, in-blood antioxidation enzyme and the damage of oxidization in the urine by physical constitution-specific of the body shapes that were determined by BMI. The statistical analysis of the current research was processed by using of SPSS 17.0 program. We have figure out statistical amounts such as the arithmetic average, average deviation rate and percentage number. Fro the verification of he significancy of each elements, we have used the paired t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square test at the level of p<0.05. 3. Results and Conclusions: Their characteristics are age $21.20{\pm}1.35$, height $160.30{\pm}6.11cm$, weight $64.66{\pm}8.72kg$, fat rates are $35.97{\pm}4.87%$, fat amount $23.40{\pm}5.48$, abdominal fat rate $0.823{\pm}0.03$, BMI $25.12{\pm}2.79kg/m^2$, and systolic blood pressure $111.60{\pm}10.28mmHg$ and diastolic blood pressure $68.60{\pm}7.43mmHg$ and we have let them take the medicine twice a day for 8 weeks. The clinical result for the Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT, of the object people was that for the function of the liver, the result of the SGOT and SGPT test was $17.16{\pm}3.05$, $15.00{\pm}2.99IU/L$, which was a decrease, and had statistical meaning, but for the SGOT, though the figure reduced to $11.92{\pm}4.61$, $10.80{\pm}3.07$, it had no statistical meaning. For the whole cholesterol level, the figure reduced to $169.00{\pm}19.95$, $160.08{\pm}22.52$ mg/dL and had statistical significance(p<0.05). Neuter fat number, Triglyceride has slightly increased to $67.52{\pm}36.32$, $68.08{\pm}47.33$ mg/dL but did not have any statistical meaning. The antioxdant enzyme marker standard marker, SOD has increased to $2.52{\pm}0.73$, $2.86{\pm}0.60U/ml$, and had statistical significance(p<0.01). Catalase also increased by $0.63{\pm}0.18$, $1.07{\pm}0.25mmol/ml$ and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). GPx also increased to $204.76{\pm}32.64$ nmol/ml and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). But, for the Total antioxidant, though it has raised to $1.51{\pm}0.26$, $1.57{\pm}0.17nmol/{\mu}l$, it did not have any statistical meaning. MDA of oxidative stress marker has decreased to $1.70{\pm}0.68{\mu}g/ml$, $1.21{\pm}0.50{\mu}g/m$ and had statistical significance(p<0.01). 8-OHdG also decreased $3.35{\pm}0.95ng/ml$, $2.21{\pm}0.50ng/ml$ and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). In this research, we have analyzed the various markers relating to BFM and changes in oxidative enzyme in blood by takingtaeeumjoweetang. Taeeumjoweetang has the positive effect on inbody antioxidant system and reducing the content of cholesterol, which is proven to help losing weight and improving hyperlipidemia statistically. With this research, we hope to improve the lifestyle of those who are either obese or need to manage their dietary habits, and also to become the touchstone of integrating Oriental Medicine with the science of food & nutrition.

Effects of Isoflavone Supplementation on Lipid Profiles and Antioxidant Systems in Rats Fed with Cholesterol Diet (고콜레스테롤 식이를 섭취한 흰쥐에서 이소플라본 보충이 혈청 지질패턴 및 항산화체계에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Soo-Yeon;Kim, Soon-Young;Chung, Chung-Eun;Yoon, Sun;Park, Jung-Hwa
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.20 no.11
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    • pp.1683-1690
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    • 2010
  • There is an increasing interest in the potential of isoflavone in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer, however, although several effects of isoflavone as a component of soy protein are well established, the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of purified isoflavone are still controversial. This study was to investigate the effects of isoflavone on serum lipid profiles and antioxidant status in rats. 7-week old male Sprague Dawley rats were fed one of the following diets for 8 weeks: basal diet (B), basal+0.3% isoflavone (BI), basal+0.5% cholesterol (BC), or basal+0.3% isoflavone +0.5% cholesterol (BIC). Two-way ANOVA was used to test the effects of dietary isoflavone and cholesterol supplementation and their interaction on variables. Serum lipid profiles and total antioxidant status (TAS) were examined spectrophotometrically. Degree of serum lipid peroxidation was measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. The activities of serum antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, total-SOD) was determined. Levels of serum total cholesterol, VLDL+LDL-cholesterol and Atherogenic index were significantly lower in BI than those levels in group B (p=0.0002, p<0.0001, and p=0.0042, respectively). Serum total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were significantly higher, in both isoflavone supplemented groups (BI, BIC) compared to those levels in each control group (B, BC) (p<0.0001). Activity of total-SOD was significantly higher in BI compared to the activities in group B (p=0.0317). There was no interaction between isoflavone and cholesterol supplementation. In conclusion, isoflavone supplementation showed positive effects on the serum lipid profiles and total antioxidant activities in both conditions, either when fed a diet with or without cholesterol. These effects of isoflavone were independent of cholesterol supplementation.

Analysis of Dietary Habits by MDA(Mini Dietary Assessment) Scores and Physical Development and Blood Parameters in Female College Students in Seoul Area (서울 지역 여대생의 식생활 평가에 따른 식습관, 신체 발달 및 혈액 인자 비교 연구)

  • Choi, Kyung-Soon;Shin, Kyung-Ok;Huh, Seon-Min;Chung, Keun-Hee
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.856-868
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to investigate causes for health problems among college women by analyzing factors related to their dietary habits, physical development, health habits, and blood parameters. The subjects were ages 20 to 24 years, lived in the Seoul area and were randomly selected during March, 2008 to August, 2009. The average height and weight of the overall subjects were $162.02{\pm}4.89\;cm$ and $53.96{\pm}7.00\;kg$, respectively. According to a 3-point assessment scale for the subjects' dietary habits, the average point value was 21.2. The percentage of subjects that ate breakfast daily was only 30.5%, and they omitted regular meals at least once a week. Approximately 83.5% of the subjects reported eating out often or frequently, and preferred Korean foods when they ate out. The subjects had interim meals (snacks) one or two times daily, and 40.4% of them preferred unbalanced meals. As their interim meals, among the 'good' group, ate breaded potatoes (39.3%), carbonated beverages, and ice cream (36.8%), whereas the 'poor' group, drank milk and ate dairy products (38.0%) as well as fast food and fried food (22.8%). Intakes of energy, fat, vitamins $B_2$ and $B_6$, niacin, folic acid, calcium, iron, zinc, and phosphorus were higher in the 'poor' group. The average hemoglobin level ($13.77{\pm}1.00\;g/dL$) among the subjects was within normal range; while 2.7% of subjects had hemoglobin levels under 11.1 g/dL (standard value) and were examined as anemic. The degree of interest in health was 24.5% higher among the subjects who had poor dietary habits. In contrast, among those who had good dietary habits, 49.6% reported they had no interest in regular exercise. The subjects reported that regular meals, nutrient intake, sufficient rest, and sleep as necessary to maintain health. The average amount of sleep obtained by the subjects was 6~8 hours. Among the 'poor' group, 36.2% reported that they exercised regularly, whereas 18.5% of the subjects in the 'good' group reported regular exercise (p<0.05). In conclusion, it appears necessary to provide nutrition education through teaching and to promote nutrition and health to college women so they can control their individual health status and create practicable dietary plans.

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