• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.514-528
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• 2022

Objective: To examine the effects of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz extract (TE) and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxi mowicz Cheonghyeol Plus Phellinus linteus Cheonghyeol plus (TCP) on anti-inflammatory factor expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods: HUVECs were activated with TNF-α and then treated with TE and TCP. The expression levels were then measured for intracellular genes (KLF2, eNOS, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1), proteins (KLF2, eNOS, MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, ERK, and JNK, p38), and extracellular biomarkers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1). Results: 1. TCP at concentrations of 100 ㎍/mL or greater significantly increased the expression of KLF2 and eNOS intracellular genes and significantly decreased the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 genes compared to the control group. 2. TCP at concentrations of 100 ㎍/mL or greater significantly increased the expression of KLF2, eNOS proteins compared to the control group, and significantly reduced the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, MCP-1, ERK, and p38 proteins. However, JNK protein phosphorylation showed no significant change compared to the control group. 3. TCP at concentrations of 100 ㎍/mL or more significantly decreased the production of MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 extracellular biomarkers compared to the control group. 4. TE at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL did not cause any significant change in the expression of intracellular genes or proteins, in the production of the extracellular biomarker MCP-1, or in the amount of JNK protein compared to the control group. Other intracellular genes, proteins, and extracellular biomarker expression showed the same trend as observed with TCP exposure. Conclusion: This study experimentally confirmed that TE and TCP could be effective in preventing or inhibiting various inflammatory vascular diseases due to their anti-inflammatory effects.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2011

This study was conducted to determine the effects of silver thiosulfate (STS) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on flower opening and lifespan of potted Kalanchoe blossfeldiana 'Oriba' for exportation. Ethylene inhibitors, STS and 1-MCP were applied to the kalanchoe plants prior to their export to Japan. STS 0.5 mM with 1% Tween 20 surfactant was directly sprayed (20 mL per plant) to leaves, buds, and flowers and 1-MCP 100 $nL{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was injected into sealed glass chambers containing kalanchoe plants, which were placed on the chambers for 6 hours. After transport to Japan, the plants were immediately transferred to a simulated retail condition room (80 ${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ for 12 hours of photoperiod at $22^{\circ}C$ and 64% RH) at Toyko University. The numbers of buds, open florets, and wilted florets in the middle inflorescence for each plant were counted right after export, 1 week after export, and 6 weeks after export. The percentages of open florets and wilted florets were calculated from the numbers. STS treatment resulted in 35% more open florets than the control and only 11% of wilted florets at 6 weeks after export to Japan which indicate the extension of lifespan of potted kalanchoe plants. Meanwhile, the plants exposed to 1-MCP before export did not show any significant differences in the numbers of buds and open florets and the percentages of open and wilted florets compared to control plants. In conclusion, STS 0.5 mM treatment strikingly induced better opening florets and lifespan of kalanchoe plants from 1 week to 6 weeks after export than control.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.453-458
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• 2016

본 연구는 수확 후 수용성 AVG(ReTain), 1-MCP(Harvista) 침지처리 및 1-MCP(SmartFresh) 훈증처리가 저온저장시 '홍옥' 사과의 과실품질과 저장성에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. ReTain과 Harvista 침지처리는 각 125 mg/L, 75 mg/L 농도로 5분간 침지처리를 하였고, SmartFresh는 1 mg/L 농도로 18시간 훈증 처리하였다. 처리 별 과실은 $0{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 75일간 저장하였다. 저온저장동안 '홍옥' 사과의 품질변화를 보면 무처리구에 비하여 모든 처리구의 과실들이 경도와 산 함량이 현저히 높게 유지되었으며, 특히 경도에서는 ReTain과 SmartFresh 처리 과실이 가장 높게 유지되었다. 반면에 가용성 고형물과 호흡량은 처리간 차이를 보이지 않았다. 내생 에틸렌 발생량은 ReTain과 SmartFresh 처리 과실이 저장 75일 후에도 다른 처리구들에 비해 $1.34{\sim}2.16{\mu}L/L$로 가장 낮은 반면 무처리 과실들은 저장 75일에는 $10.29{\mu}L/L$로 증가하였다. 외생에틸렌 발생량은 저장 75일후의 무처리 과실들은 $1.14{\mu}L/kg{\cdot}h$로 높은 반면 에틸렌 제어제 처리 과실은 $0.55{\sim}0.77{\mu}L/kg{\cdot}h$의 낮은 발생량을 보였다. 따라서 '홍옥' 과실의 저장중 품질유지를 위해서는 에틸렌 제어제 처리기술이 유용하게 적용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.218-224
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• 2019

본 연구는 우리나라 대표 수출 포도 품종인 '캠벨얼리'를 대상으로 에틸렌작용억제제인 1-methylcylopropene(1-MCP)과 에틸렌생합성 저해 효과를 지닌 salicylic acid(SA)를 단독 혹은 병행처리하여 과실의 저장 및 유통환경에서 발생하는 탈립, 갈변 및 부패 등 생리장해의 발생과 과실 품질에 미치는 영향을 에틸렌 발생물질인 에테폰과 비교하여 검토하였다. 1-MCP 1,000ppb 훈증 처리 후 SA $25{\mu}M$을 살포 처리하고 $19^{\circ}C$에서 16일간 저장한 후 조사한 과립경도 및 산함량 수준은 단용처리에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 탈립률은 $100{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 에테폰 처리구 41.7%, SA 처리구 40.8%, 1-MCP 처리구 38.2%로 나타났으나 1-MCP 처리 후 SA를 처리한 경우는 18.7%로 탈립방지 효과가 월등하였다. 브러쉬의 길이를 측정한 결과, 에테폰 처리구는 1mm 미만의 비율이 74.3%로 매우 높게 나타났던 반면, 1-MCP 처리 후 SA를 처리한 경우는 2-4mm의 비율이 22.8%, 4-6mm 비율이 27.9%로 브러쉬 길이가 길게 조사되었다. 과축의 무게는 에테폰 처리구에서 2.3g으로 가장 낮아 감모율의 증가에 미치는 에틸렌의 영향과 1-MCP 및 SA의 감모 억제효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 1-MCP와 SA는 저장 중 '캠벨얼리' 포도의 줄기갈변 억제 및 부패 경감에 일부 효과가 있음을 확인되어 추후 수출시 품질유지를 위한 기술 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.545-549
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• 2001

에틸렌의 수용체와의 결합을 방해함으로써 에틸렌의 작용을 방해하는 물질은 1-MCP의 처리를 통하여 단감 과실의 과육 연화에 대한 에틸렌의 영향을 밝히기 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 1-MCP와 에틸렌의 처리에 따른 경도 변화의 양상은 cellulase, PG, PME, ${\beta}$-galactosidase 등의 세포벽 분해 효소의 활성 변화 양상과 유사하였으며, 이들 효소의 활성은 1-MCP의 처리에 의해 저하되었다. 이러한 결과는 에틸렌의 영향에 의한 각종 세포벽 분해 효소의 활성화가 저장 후 단감 과실의 과육 연화 현상과 밀접한 관련이 있음을 보인다. 그러나 연화 지연 효과와는 달리 저장 후의 단감 과실에서 1-MCP는 에틸렌의 생성, 즉 ACC의 축적 및 ACC oxidase 활성을 억제하지 못하였으며, 이러한 사실은 저장 후 단감 과실에 있어서 과육의 연화 현상이 과실의 에틸렌 생성량 그 자체보다는 과실의 에틸렌에 대한 반응성에 보다 밀접하게 관련되어 있음을 보인다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.400-408
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• 2012

Effects of initial controlled atmosphere (CA) treatment on quality maintenance of 'Fuji' apples were assessed and compared with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment and continuous CA storage. Apples were harvested twice at different maturity, treated with 1 ${\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 1-MCP and then stored for 8 months at $0^{\circ}C$ under 3 conditions: air, CA for the first month followed by air (initial CA), and continuous CA (full CA). CA storage was performed with 1.5 kPa $O_2$ and < 1.0 kPa ($N_2$ balance). Following long-term storage, export simulation, refrigerated shipment and local distribution, were performed by holding apples at $0^{\circ}C$ for 2 weeks and on the shelf at $20^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Both the application of 1-MCP and CA storage reduced ethylene production and respiration rates. Initial CA storage was also effective on reducing the metabolism although the effects were not as noticeable as full CA. Full CA storage with or without 1-MCP treatment maintained titratable acidity, flesh firmness, and sensory quality at the acceptable to excellent level even after the export simulation following 8-month storage regardless of harvest maturity. In contrast, effects of initial CA storage were limited to the maintenance of firmness and texture in early-harvested apples. Overall results indicated that harvest maturity is the critical factor for export fruit quality after long-term storage when separate treatment of initial CA storage or 1-MCP treatment is applied as a postharvest program.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.168-178
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• 2014

Objectives : Mahuang-Chuanwu(Mahwang-Cheonoh) Pharmacopuncture(MCP) has been used to treat obesity in Clinical Korean Medicine. MCP solution(MCPS) is also expected to have strong anti-obesity activities. However, little is known about the mechanisms of its inhibitory effects on adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. Methods : In the present study, we examined the effects of MCPS on differentiation and lipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To elucidate the mechanism of the effects of MCPS on lowering lipid content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we examined whether MCPS modulates the expressions of transcription factors to induce lipogenesis and adipogenic genes related to regulate the accumulation of lipids. Results : Our results showed that MCPS significantly inhibited differentiation and lipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. MCPS suppressed the mRNA expressions of cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosine-thymidine(CCAAT)/enhancer binding proteins ${\alpha}$($C/EBP{\alpha}$), C/EBP ${\beta}$, $C/EBP{\delta}$, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$($PPAR{\gamma}$) genes related to the induction of adipose differentiation. MCPS inhibited the mRNA expressions of adipose-specific aP2, adipsin, lipoprotein lipase(LPL), CD36, TGF-${\beta}$, and leptin genes related to the fat formation. MCPS downregulated the mRNA expressions of liver X receptor(LXR) ${\alpha}$ and fatty acid synthase(FAS) genes related to the induction of lipogenesis. In addition, MCPS reduced the production of adipocyte-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions : MCPS could regulate the accumulation of lipids and expression of adipogenic genes via inhibition of transcript factors related to induction of adipose differentiation.

• 화훼연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2011

본 연구는 에틸렌 작용 억제제 중 하나인 1-methylcyclopropene(MCP)이 알스트로메리아, 금어초, 다알리아 및 나리의 절화수명에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 4종의 절화에 1-MCP 250, 500, 750 ppb를 각각 12시간 처리하였다. 알스트로메리아의 경우 개화소요일수는 대조구와 1-MCP 모든 처리구에서 유의차가 없었다. 절화수명은 대조구보다 처리구에서 2일 이상 연장되었으며, 250 ppb 처리구가 17.1일로 가장 길었다. 금어초는 잔여소화율이 대조구와 비교하여 1-MCP 모든 처리구에서 높아졌다. 그러나 절화수명은 대조구와 처리구 사이에 유의차가 없었다. 다알리아의 절화수명은 1-MCP 처리시 대조구보다 2일 정도 연장되었다. 수분흡수량은 절화수명과 반대 양상을 나타내었다. 나리의 절화수명은 대조구 12.6일과 비교하여 모든 처리구간 유의차가 없었다. 수분흡수량의 경우 대조구와 비교할 때 1-MCP 750 ppb 처리구에서 약 3 mL 더 많았다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma (CCE-extract of C. chinensis Rhizome) in induction of immune protein on mouse macrophages. Methods : To analyze cytokines interleukin(IL)-$1{\alpha}$, IL-3, IL-9, IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-17, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein(MCP)-1 induced by macrophages, mouse macrophages were incubated with CCE and was measured. Results : IL-$1{\alpha}$ measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-3, MCP-1 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-9 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 50 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-13 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 50, 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. The IL-12p40, IL-17 levels indicated no changes at 25, 50, 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$ on mouse macrophages. Conclusions : CCE did not significantly increased inflammatory cytokines IL-$1{\alpha}$, IL-3, IL-9, IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-17, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein(MCP)-1 on mouse macrophages. It was verified CCE does not trigger cytokine related hypersensitivity reaction of organism or exacerbation of acute/chronic inflammatory disease.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.265-271
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• 1994

The effect of soybean meal and barley supplementation of the utilization of rice straw was investigated. Balance trials were conducted with three Japanese Corriedale wethers fed rice straw supplemented with soybean meal and barley at three different levels of protein: low (40 g CP/d, LCP), medium (67 g/d, MCP) and high (94 g/d, HCP). In addition, all the supplements were formulated to contain the same amount of TDN (275 g/d). Voluntary intake of rice straw was not affected by any supplementation, while digestibility of organic matter in sheep given HCO diet was significantly higher (p<0.05) than those on LCP diet. Crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibilities of MCP and HCP diets were significantly improved (p<0.05) over the LCP diet. Average daily gain of the animals under MCP and HCP diets were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those under LCP diet. Differences of rumen pH among the treatments were not significant, while concentration of rumen $NH_3-N$ was significantly higher (p<0.05) for HCP diet than for LCP and MCP diets. Total volatile fatty acids ($VFA_s$) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) in sheep fed MCP and HCP diets than those fed LCP diet, while plasma total protein concentration was not affected by any supplementation. Sheep fed MCP diet had a higher nitrogen retention than those fed LCP and HCP diets. It was concluded that rice straw was utilized better by sheep when SBM and barley were supplemented at the medium level of protein.